After Bao Shuya died, Guan Zhong cried loudly in front of his tomb. Thinking of Bao Shuya's understanding and support for him, he sighed: "At the beginning, the prince I assisted failed and the other ministers died. I swear loyalty, but I am willing to be imprisoned. Bao Shuya did not laugh at my lack of integrity. He knew that I was pursuing a great cause and did not care about my temporary reputation. It was my parents who gave birth to me, but it was Bao Shuya who really understood me!" p>
The profound friendship between Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya has become a favorite story passed down from generation to generation in China. In China, people often use the term "Guan Bao Zhijia" to describe the close and trusting relationship between themselves and good friends.
3. The acquaintance of Jiao Knee – Chen Chong and Lei Yi
Chen Lei, also known as Chen Chong and Lei Yi, were two men of noble character and self-sacrifice for others in Yuzhang County (now Nanchang, Jiangxi) during the Eastern Han Dynasty. Gentleman. The two were close friends. At that time, people praised him: "Guaqi is said to be strong, not as strong as Lei and Chen." The incident can be found in "Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Biography of Du Xingxing". Later, "Chen Lei glue paint" was used to describe the extremely deep friendship between them. The wedge of "Kunzhi Zhang Qiandai Killed His Wife" written by Anonymous of the Yuan Dynasty: "We are just like Chen Lei Jiaoqi, your brothers will never be separated until death."
Chen Chong, courtesy name Jinggong, was born in Yichun, Yuzhang. When he was young, he became close friends with Lei Yi from the same county. The two of them studied "Lu Shi", "Yan Shi Chun Qiu" and other classics together, and they were both well-educated people. When the prefect Zhang Yun heard about Chen Zhong's name, he praised his virtue, talent and character and recommended him as Xiaolian. Chen Zhong gave up his title to Lei Yi and applied to the prefect more than ten times, but Zhang Yun refused. The next year, Lei Yi was also selected as Xiaolian, and the two went to the county government to take office together. One of his colleagues had a misfortune on his family, and he was in debt with hundreds of thousands of dollars in interest. His creditors came to his door every day to demand payment. The junior official knelt down and begged for a reprieve, but still could not be accommodated. He wanted to appeal to the government. After Chen Chong learned about it, he paid off his debt privately. The clerk was grateful and came to thank him. Chen Zhong said calmly: "I didn't do this. Maybe someone with the same name as me paid it back for you!" He never talked about his kindness. Once, a colleague took leave to go back to his hometown, but he wore the wrong pair of someone else's pants when he was busy. The owner suspected that Chen Zhong had taken it away, but Chen Zhong didn't make any comment and went to buy a new pair of pants to compensate him. It wasn't until the colleagues who had gone back to their hometowns to attend funerals returned that the truth came to light.
Chen Chong and Lei Yi both became ministers at the same time. Lei Yi was dismissed from his post because he suffered on behalf of others. Chen Chong also resigned and returned home together, citing physical illness as an excuse.
The people in the world who hear the wind and return will be overwhelmed. In the Jishi Mountain of Western Qiang, there lived a wise man, whose surname was Zuo and whose twin names were Botao. He strangled his parents and worked hard to study books, cultivate his talents to help the world, and learn to make peace for the people. In his late forties, due to the annexation of the Chinese princes, there were few people who practiced benevolent government and many people relied on power and hegemony, so they had no official career. Later, I heard that King Muren of the Chu Yuan Dynasty was kind and righteous, and he was seeking a virtuous land. He took a bag of books, said goodbye to his neighbors and friends in his hometown, and rushed to the Chu Kingdom. When Yu Li came to Yongdi, it was the middle of winter, with heavy wind and rain. There is a poem "Moon over the Xijiang River", a single winter rain scene:
The sad wind cuts my face, and the drizzle soaks my clothes. He makes ice and snow to show off his cold power, but he is not as kind as he was at that time. The mountain color is unclear and often dark, and the sunlight occasionally shines but is still weak. Wanderers at the end of the world long for home, and travelers on the road should regret it.
Zuo Botao walked in the rain and wind for a day, and his clothes were all wet. Looking at the dim sky, I walked toward the village to find a place to stay overnight. In the distance, I saw the light coming from the broken window in the bamboo forest, and I ran towards that place. Seeing a low fence surrounding a thatched house, he pushed open the fence and knocked lightly on the firewood door. One of them opened his door and went out. Zuo Botao stood under the eaves and hurriedly saluted and said: "I am a young man from the Western Qiang family, my surname is Zuo, my double name is Botao. I want to go to Chu country, but unexpectedly encounter rain on the way. I can't find a place to stay. Please borrow me for a night." You can come early, but I don't know if you are willing to accept it." Upon hearing this, the man hurriedly responded and invited him into the house. Bo Tao looked at it and saw that there was only one collapse. There were piles of books on the collapse and nothing else. Bo Tao knew that he was also a Confucian, so he wanted to bow down. The man said: "It is not necessary to talk about etiquette and let the fire dry the clothes, but it is a conversation." That night, he burned bamboo for the fire and Bo Tao dried his clothes. The man cooked food and wine for Bo Tao, and he was very diligent and generous. Bo Tao asked for his name. The man said: "My surname is Yang, my twin names are Ai, my parents died when I was young, and I live here alone. I love reading very much, and agriculture is completely abandoned. Now I am lucky to meet a virtuous land and come from afar, but I hate that my family is cold, and I have nothing to pay for, so I beg. "Forgive me." Bo Tao said: "In the rain, I have to eat and drink. How can I forget the gratitude?" That night, the two of them rested together and fell asleep, talking about the knowledge in their minds, and they couldn't sleep all night long.
Until dawn, it continued to rain. Jiao Ai left Bo Tao at home, tried his best to support each other, and became Kun Zhong. Bo Tao is five years older than Jiao Ai, and Jiao Ai considers Bo Tao his brother. One day, the rain stops and the roads dry up. Bo Tao said: "My dear brother has the talent for the throne and the ambition of economic affairs. It is a pity that he doesn't care about bamboos and silks and enjoys the old forest and spring water." Jiao Ai said: "It's not that he doesn't want to be an official, but he doesn't get married." Bo Tao said. He said: "Now the King of Chu is asking for scholars humbly. Since my good brother has this intention, why don't you go?" Jiao Ai said: "I would like to follow my brother's orders." Then he packed up some small roads to waste food and rice, abandoned his thatched hut, and the two of them looked south together. After a few days of progress, it was raining again. When I was in the hotel, all the luggage was exhausted, except for one bag of food. The two of them took turns to carry it and walked away in the rain. When the rain stopped, the wind picked up again, and it snowed heavily all day. How could it be seen? You see:
The wind makes the snow cold, and the snow takes advantage of the power of the wind. Willow catkins are flying wildly, and goose feathers are buried in mass. The sky is in chaos, making no distinction between north, south, west and east; the ground is covered in the sky, turning into green, yellow, red and black. Exploring the plum poem cellar is so interesting that pedestrians on the road feel like losing their souls.
The two of them walked through Qiyang and passed Liangshan Road. They asked about the woodcutter and said: "From now on, there will be no human habitation for more than a hundred miles. They are all barren mountains and wilderness, with wolves and tigers swarming in them, so they have to stop going." "Bo Tao and Jiao Ai asked, "How are you feeling, my dear brother?" Jiao Ai said, "Since ancient times, we have been here to give birth to our lives." After another day's journey, they stayed at the ancient tomb. In the middle, the clothes are thin and the wind is bone-chilling.
The next day, the snow fell harder and harder, and the mountains seemed to be filled with feet. Bo Tao couldn't bear the cold, so he said: "I think that if we go more than a hundred miles here, there will be no one home. We will not have enough food to travel, and we will not have enough food and clothing. If one person goes alone, he can reach Chu State. If the two of them are afraid of going, they will freeze to death even if they don't." , I will starve to death on the way and rot with the grass and trees. What is the use? I will take off my clothes and put them on my wise brother. My wise brother can only wear this food, and I will not be able to walk on the way. I would rather die here. When I see the King of Chu, my brother Zhi Xian will definitely take care of me, so it is not too late to bury me." Jiao Ai said, "How can this be true? More than flesh and blood. "Can I bear to go alone and seek to enter the body?" So he refused and helped Bo Tao to walk. After walking for less than ten miles, Bo Tao said, "The wind and snow are getting tighter. How can we get there?" And find a resting place by the road. "Seeing a withered mulberry tree, it was quite sheltered from the snow. There was only room for one person under the mulberry tree, so Jiao Ai helped Bo Tao in and sat down. Bo Tao ordered Jiao Ai to knock stones to make fire and heat up some of the dead skills to keep out the cold.
When Jiao Ai arrived with firewood, he saw Bo Tao stripped naked and all his clothes were placed in a pile. Jiao Ai was shocked and said, "Why is my brother like this?" Bo Tao said, "I have no idea. Dear brother, don't make the mistake. Put on these clothes quickly and carry the food. I will just stay here to die." Jiao Ai hugged him and cried loudly, saying: "We live and die together, how can we be separated?" Bo Tao said: "If the decree is to starve to death, who will take care of the bones?" Jiao Ai said: "If this is the case, I am willing to undress and stay with my brother. If you wear it, brother can waste food, but brother would rather die here." Bo Tao said: "I am often sick, and my good brother is young and strong, and is much stronger than me. He also has a lot of knowledge in his heart, and I can't match it. , I will be promoted to the official position. What's the point of my death! Don't stay here for a long time, you can go quickly." Jiao Ai said: "I am not a very unjust person to let my brother starve to death in Sangzhong. "That's why." Bo Tao said, "I came to my brother's house after I left Jishi Mountain. I knew that my brother was gone, so I tried to persuade him to go forward. Unfortunately, my destiny would be ruined if the wind and rain prevented me." This is my fault." After saying this, he wanted to jump into the stream to die. Jiao Ai hugged her and cried bitterly. She hugged her clothes and helped her to the mulberry tree. Bo Tao pushed the clothes away. When Jiao Ai wanted to come forward to persuade him again, he saw that Bo Tao's expression had changed, his limbs were cold, and he could not speak, so he waved away with his hand. Jiao Ai thought: "If I have been in love for a long time, I will freeze to death. Will my brother be buried after he dies?" He bowed to Bo Tao again in the snow and cried: "I am leaving here for my unworthy brother. I hope that my brother will help me. But I have a small name." , I will give him a good burial." Bo Tao nodded and half answered, Jiao Ai took the clothes and food and left in tears. Bo Tao died in the mulberry tree. Later generations wrote a poem praising it:
When the cold comes, a foot of snow will make people travel thousands of miles.
It’s bitter snow and cold for a long distance, not to mention no rice in the bag?
One lives together and two people die together;
What is the use of two people dying together? There is still something to rely on in life.
Wonderful Zuo Botao! Death leads to beauty.
Suffering from the cold, half hungry and half full, Jiao Ai came to Chu State and rested in Yun. Entering the city the next day, he asked someone: "Why did the King of Chu recruit talented people?" The person said: "There is a hotel outside the palace gate, and the doctor Pei Zhong is ordered to accept people from all over the world." Jiao Ai walked to the hotel and was waiting. It's time for the doctor to get off the bus. Jiao Ai then moved forward and bowed his head. Pei Zhong saw that Jiao Ai's clothes were blue but his utensils were missing. He hurriedly answered the greeting and asked, "Where did the wise man come from?" Jiao Ai said, "Xiao Sheng's surname is Yang, and his twin names are Jiao Ai. He is also from Yongzhou. Hearing that the country was looking for talents, Pei Zhong invited people to stay in the hotel with food and wine. The next day, Pei Zhong visited Jiao Ai in the pavilion and asked Jiao Ai about his doubts to test his knowledge. Jiao Ai asked a hundred questions and answered a hundred questions, and the conversation was flowing. Pei Zhong was overjoyed and played a memorial to the king of Yuan Dynasty. The king immediately summoned him and asked him how to make the country rich and its army strong. Jiao mourns Chen Shice, whose purpose is to address the urgent affairs of the world. King Yuan was overjoyed! A royal banquet was held to hold it, and he was worshiped as a senior official. He was given a hundred taels of gold and a hundred pieces of colorful pieces. Jiao Ai bowed again and shed tears. King Yuan was shocked and asked, "Why are you crying so bitterly?" Jiao Ai told Zuo Botao about taking off his clothes and putting food together. When the king of Yuan heard his words, he felt sad for them. The ministers expressed their regret. King Yuan asked, "What do you want, sir?" Jiao Ai said, "I begged for leave to bury Botao there, but I came back to pay homage to the king." King Yuan then presented Botao, who died, as a senior official, and generously gave him burial expenses. , still sent people to ride with them in mourning chariots.
Jiao bid farewell to King Yuan and ran to the ground of Liangshan Mountain to find the withered places of the past. As expected, Bo Tao's dead body was still there, and his appearance was just as it was when he was alive. Jiao Ai then bowed again and cried, calling to the left and right to summon the elders in the village, and the place was located at the origin of Putang: it faced the big stream in front, the high cliff in the back, and the peaks on the left and right embraced each other. The Feng Shui was very good. Then Bo Tao's body was bathed in fragrant water and dressed in doctor's clothes; the inner coffin and outer coffin were placed, and the grave was buried; a wall was built around it and trees were planted; a hall of enjoyment was built ten steps away from the tomb; Bo Tao's appearance was molded; and a flower table and a pillar were erected. Build a tablet and build a tiled house on the side of the wall for people to guard. After it was built, it was sacrificed in the Xiangtang, and people wept very much. All the village elders and servants shed tears. After the sacrifice, everyone dispersed. Corner mourning is sitting with a candle burning at night, sighing. Suddenly a gust of wind blew, and the candle went out and the light returned. Looking at it sadly, he saw a person in the shadow of the lamp, advancing or retreating, and there was a faint sound of crying. Jiao lamented and scolded: "Who is he? He dares to come out at night!" The man said nothing. When Jiao rises in sorrow and looks at it, it is Bo Tao. Jiao Ai was shocked and asked, "Brother's Yin spirit is not far away. When I come to see my brother today, something must have happened." Xiang Tao said, "I feel the memory of my dear brother, who has just entered the official career. Please bury me, and give me a high title, and The beauty of coffins, coffins, clothes and quilts is perfect in everything.
However, the cemetery is close to the tomb of Jing Ke. When this man was still alive, he was killed in an attempt to assassinate the King of Qin, and Gao Jianli buried his body here. God is extremely powerful. Every night he scolds me with his sword, saying: 'You are a man who froze to death and starved to death. How dare you build a tomb on my shoulder and take away my feng shui? If you don't move to another place, I will take the body from the tomb and throw it into the wild! ’ I would like to inform my worthy brother of this crisis. It is hoped that he will be buried elsewhere to avoid this disaster. "Jiao Ai wanted to ask again, but Feng Qi suddenly disappeared. Jiao Ai was in the Xiangtang, dreaming and sleeping, remembering everything.
At dawn, he called the village elder again and asked: "Is there something here? Are the graves close? The village elder said: "There is Jing Ke's tomb in Songyin, and there is a temple in front of the tomb." Jiao Ai said, "This man used to assassinate the King of Qin, but was killed. Why is there a grave here?" The village elder said: "Gao Jianli is from here. He knew that Jing Ke was killed and his body was abandoned in the wild, so he stole his body and buried it here." Appears every time. Scholars built temples here and offered sacrifices at all times for welfare. "Jiao Ai heard this and believed what happened in his dream. The followers rushed to Jingke Temple, pointed to his god and cursed: "You are a man of Yan State, poisoned by Prince Yan, and named Ji Chongbao, you can use it as much as you can. If you don't think about good strategies and rely on deputy trust, you will act in Qin and lose your life and harm the country. But he came here to confuse the villagers and ask for sacrifice! My brother, Zuo Botao, is a coward, a benevolent and honest man in our time. Do you dare to force him? If you do this again, I will destroy your temple, raise your tomb, and destroy your roots forever! After he finished scolding him, he came to Bo Tao's tomb and said, "If Jing Ke comes again tonight, my brother will repay me." " Returning to Xiangtang, I held the candle that night. I saw Botao coming with choked sobs and said, "I appreciate this, my dear brother. I have many followers from Jing Ke, so I wanted to offer it to the natives." A wise brother can be a man of Cambodian grass, clothed with colorful clothes, and hold weapons in his hands, and be burned in front of his tomb. I have obtained his help so that Jing Ke cannot harm him. " After saying that, he disappeared. Jiao Ai made people make bundles of grass all night, and used colorful clothes as clothes. They each held swords, guns and instruments. They built dozens of them beside the tomb and burned them with fire. Zhu said: "If nothing happens to him, I hope to repay him. "
When I returned to Xiangtang, I heard the sound of wind and rain at night, like a man fighting an enemy. Jiao Ai went out to look at the scene and saw Bo Tao running towards him. He said: "The people who were burned by my brother will not be killed. Its use. Jing Ke has Gao Jianli to help him again, and soon my body will be out of the tomb. I hope that the wise brother will move to another place for burial soon, and the rabbit will suffer this disaster. Jiao Ai said, "How dare this man bully my brother like this!" My brother should help me fight. Bo Tao said: "Brother, I am a Yang person, and I am a Yin ghost. Although the Yang people are brave and brave, how can they fight against the Yin ghosts despite being separated from each other in the world? Even though they are people with grass stems, they can help shout, but they cannot retreat from this strong spirit. Jiao Ai said, "Brother, please go away. I will find my own place the next day." The next day, Jiao Ai went to the Jingke temple and cursed, destroying the statue. Fang wanted to set fire to the temple, but saw several village elders. Si begged and said: "This is the incense of a village. If it is violated, it may cause harm to the people." "Between Xu and Yu, the natives gathered and came to ask for help. Jiao Ai couldn't hold him back, so he had to give up for a long time
He returned to Xiangtang, made a seal, thanked the King of Chu, and said: "In the past, uncle By combining food and ministers, one can live and meet the Holy Lord. It is enough to be honored with a high honor and a noble title, and I will repay you with all my heart in future generations. "The meaning of the words is very clear. I paid tribute to my followers, and then went to the side of Bo Tao's tomb and cried loudly. I said to the followers: "My brother is forced by Jing Ke's strong soul and has no way to go. I can't bear it. They want to burn temples and dig graves, but they are afraid of offending the natives. I would rather die as a ghost under the spring, and help my brother to fight against this powerful soul. You can bury my body on the upper right side of this tomb, at the place where life and death occur, in repayment to my brother for giving me food. Echoing the words of the King of Chu, thousands of beggars listen to the words of ministers, and protect the mountains, rivers and the country forever. "After saying that, he grabbed his sword and committed suicide. The servants couldn't give him first aid, so they quickly prepared a coffin and buried him beside Bo Tao's tomb.
It was the second watch of the night. It was windy and rainy, with thunder and lightning. The sound of killing was heard for dozens of miles. At dawn, there was a strong earthquake on Jing Ke's tomb, and bones were scattered in front of the tomb. A fire suddenly broke out in the temple and burned to the ground. The elders were shocked, and they all went to the tombs of Yang and Zuo to burn incense and pay homage. The followers returned to Chu State and reported the matter to the King of Yuan. The King of Yuan felt that he was very important and sent officials to build a temple in front of the tomb, and granted him the honorary title. He said "Words of Loyalty", so he set up a monument to remember it, and the incense continues to this day. The spirit of Jing Ke has been extinguished since then. There is an ancient poem that says:
In ancient times, benevolence and righteousness encompassed heaven and earth.
Only in the human heart.
The autumn day in front of Ershi Temple is pure.
The soul of a hero is always accompanied by the cold moonlight.
6. The acquaintance who cut his neck to death - Lian Po Xiangru The allusion of "being together and being happy together is a life-threatening acquaintance."
During the Warring States Period, the eunuch of the State of Zhao ordered Lin Xiangru, a retainer of Yingxian, to be sent by the King of Zhao to the State of Qin with rare treasures and jade. With his wisdom and courage, he returned the jade to Zhao intact, and was appreciated by the King of Zhao, who made him a senior official. Later, King Qin proposed to meet King Zhao in Mianchi, hoping to force King Zhao to surrender.
Lin Xiangru and General Lian Po urged the King of Zhao to attend and devised a clever plan. Lian Po put pressure on the King of Qin with his bravery and skill in fighting, while Lin Xiangru relied on his sharp tongue and loyalty to the King of Zhao. Save King Zhao from humiliation and return to Zhao safely. In order to commend Lin Xiangru, King Zhao named him Shangqing, which was a higher official position than General Lian Po.
This time Lian Po was not happy. He believed that he was brave and good at fighting, fighting on the front line for the Zhao State, and was the greatest contributor. However, Lin Xiangru was ranked above him with just one mouth. Lian Po was very unconvinced and decided to humiliate him.
When Lin Xiangru heard the news, he avoided meeting Lian Po everywhere. On the day of going to court, he said he was ill. One time, Lin Xiangru went out to meet Lian Po. Lian Po ordered his men to use various methods to block Lin Xiangru's road, and finally Lin Xiangru had to order him to return home. Lian Po was even more proud and spread the word everywhere.
Lin Xiangru’s disciples heard about it and asked to go home one after another. Lin Xiangru asked why, and they said: “We work for you because we respect you as a truly noble gentleman, but now you are so arrogant. Lian Po swallows his anger, we can't stand it?" After hearing this, Lin Xiangru laughed and asked: "Do you think the King of Qin is more powerful or General Lian Po? I'm not even afraid of the King of Qin, so how can I be afraid of Lian Po? Qin is not powerful now. He dared to invade because General Lian and I were protecting the State of Zhao with both civil and military force. As King Zhao's right-hand man, how could I ignore the country's interests because of a small personal grudge?"
When Lian Po heard about it, he was very ashamed, so he went to Lin Xiangru to apologize to Lin Xiangru with bare chest and back. From then on, they became good friends who shared life, death and adversity, and worked together to serve the country.
7. Friendships over the years—Kong Rong, Mi Heng
Friendships over the years refer to those who confide in each other and become close friends who talk about everything regardless of age, occupation, or seniority. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in strife and heroes were rising. Kong Rong and Ni Heng both had literary talents. Kong Rong was already fifty, and Ni Heng was still in his late twenties, but they could still be friends. Kong Rong recommended Mi Heng to Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty and praised him: "His aptitude is different from ordinary people in terms of his good qualities, he is frightened when he sees good, and hates evil as much as hatred. If he is placed among the officials of the imperial court, his integrity and ability will be seen."
At that time, Cao Cao held the emperor hostage to order the princes. You Heng had a strong and arrogant temperament and was unwilling to do anything to Cao Cao. Cao Cao was angry and summoned him as a drummer, and Ni Heng performed the famous "beating drums and scolding Cao" in history. Cao Cao sent Ni Heng to Liu Biao as a borrowed knife to kill, but was later killed by Huang Zu, the prefect of Jiangxia. He was only 26 years old.
Kong Rong was upright by nature, and he went against Cao Cao's wishes by admonishing him to prevent Liu Bei, Liu Biao, and Sun Quan from conquering the south. Xi Lu, the imperial censor, had always had a problem with him, so he took the opportunity to slander Cao Cao: "Kong Rong always insulted the prime minister, but he was also friendly with Ni Heng. Ni Heng praised Kong Rong as "Zhongni is immortal", and Kong Rong praised Ni Heng. It was "Yan Huisheng". Mi Heng's insults to the prime minister were all ordered by Kong Rong! Cao Cao was furious and killed Kong Rong and his two sons at the age of fifty-six.