Lian Po, born in 327 BC, died in 243 BC at the age of 84. He was an outstanding military general of Zhao in the Warring States Period. The main activities were in Huiwen, Zhao Haoqi (298-266 BC), Cheng Xiao, Zhao Haoqi (266-245 BC) and Daoxiang, Zhao Haoqi (245-236 BC).
At the beginning of Zhao Huiwen, Qi was the most powerful of the six eastern countries, and Qi and Qin were both powerful countries in the East and the West. When he wanted to expand his power in the East, Zhao was the first person to do so. In order to remove obstacles, the king of Qin sent troops to attack Zhao many times. Lian Po led the army of Zhao to defeat many times, forcing Qin to change its strategy and implement the alliance. In the fifty-fourth year (first 258 years), King Huiwen made peace with Zhao in Zhongyang (now west of Zhongyang County, Shanxi Province). In order to unite the divisions of Korea, Yan, Wei and Zhao against Qi, the Qi army was defeated. Among them, in the 16th year of King Huiwen (the first 283 years), Lian Po led the Zhao army to cut Qi, marched straight into Qi, captured (now Dancheng West, Shandong Province, was originally a patriotic territory, and later belonged to Qi) and became a vassal, and Ye Zhao became the first of the six countries. Lian Po moved troops back to Korea and worshipped Shang Qing (Shang Qing was the highest-ranking civil servant at that time, equivalent to the later prime minister). The State of Qin did not want to rashly attack Zhao, only because of Lian Po's power. Since then, Lian Po led the army to fight, held his ground and captured it, and almost won every battle, which had a great influence on other countries.
In the thirty-second year of Zhou Nanwang (the 16th year of Zhao Huiwen, the first 283 years), Qiang Qin was willing to exchange fifteen cities after winning the Yong Wall. Zhao sent Lin Xiangru to the State of Qin, and Lin Xiangru was just a "Scheeren" under the eunuch Miao Xianmen. After Miao Xian recommended to King Huiwen, he took the "Choi of Harmony" and became the envoy of Zhao to the State of Qin. Lin Xiangru returned to Zhao with great wisdom and courage, and won the diplomatic victory over Qin.
Later, Qin conquered Zhao and occupied Shicheng. In nineteen years, King Huiwen attacked Zhao again, killing twenty thousand troops of Zhao. At this time, the king of Qin wanted to make peace with the prince of Zhao in Mianchi (now Mianchi County, Henan Province). The prince of Zhao was afraid and didn't want to go. Lian Po and Lin Xiangru negotiated to show Zhao's strength and courage. Zhao Wang walked with Lin Xiangru, and Lian Po saw him off. He said to the prince of Zhao, "Your Majesty's visit is only thirty days. If you don't pay it back in 30 days, please ask the prince to blackmail Zhao Zhiwang by breaking Qin. " Lian Po's general demeanor and careful arrangement strengthened the image of the prince of Zhao. At the same time, because he was as humble as Mianchi when dealing with the king of Qin at the meeting, he responded to the various means used by the king of Qin without weakness, which not only saved the reputation of the king of Zhao, but also shocked the king of Qin and his ministers. Finally, Zhao Wang returned safely.
After the meeting, the prince of Zhao "made great contributions to each other and worshipped him as Shangguan", ranking above Lian Po. Lian Po was dissatisfied with Lin Xiangru's title of Shangqing, thinking that he, as a general of Zhao, had made great contributions by attacking wild cities and expanding territory, while Lin Xiangru, who was in a low position, was above me just by talking, which was intolerable. He publicly threatened to humiliate Lin Xiangru in public. After Lin Xiangru knew it, he didn't want to compete with Lian Po, but adopted a forbearing attitude. In order not to make Lian Po rank lower than himself in the imperial court, he always admitted that he was ill every time he was in the imperial court. Sometimes when Lin Xiangru goes out by car and sees Lian Po coming from a distance, he simply leads the car to avoid it. This aroused the dissatisfaction of Lin Xiangru Scheeren, and Lin Xiangru explained: "Compared with Lian Po, Lin Xiangru Qiang Qin, the covetous king of Qin, dared to scold him in court and humiliate his ministers. Will I still be afraid of Lian Po? The reason why we dare not send troops to Zhao is because Lian Po and I are both DPRK officials. If we fight with each other, it's like killing two birds with one stone. The reason why I avoided him was nothing more than putting the national crisis above personal grievances. " Upon hearing this, Lian Po was deeply moved. He chose the day when Lin Xiangru had the most guests. He went into battle shirtless and his back was covered with thorns. He came to Lin Xiangru's home and demanded that Lin Xiangru be punished. From then on, the two became friends, life and death and * * *.
The story of "harmony but difference" was expressed by later generations in various literary forms, and its strong patriotic feelings made people cry and moved people to work hard. And Lian Po has the courage to change, sincere and frank personality, which makes people feel more amiable and lovely.
In the twentieth year of Zhao Huiwen (278 BC), Lian Po conquered an army of Qi. In the second year of Zhao Huiwen's twentieth year (276 BC), he cut Qi again and captured Jiucheng. The following year, Lian Po attacked Wei and captured Fangling (now twenty miles south of Anyang, Henan Province) and Anyang City (now forty-three miles southwest of Anyang County, Henan Province). It is precisely because of Lian's friendship with Lin that Zhao was United and devoted to serving the country that Zhao was once powerful and became a barrier for eastern governors to stop Qin from advancing eastward. /kloc-Qin dares to attack Zhao after 0/0 years.
In 266 BC, Zhao Huiwen died and became king. At this time, at the request of Fan Sui, the State of Qin adopted the strategy of "making friends with Qi and Chu", and at the same time attacked small neighboring countries. In the fifty-fifth year of Zhou Nanwang (260 BC), the State of Qin attacked Shangdang in North Korea. The south Korean defenders attending the banquet were helpless, so the satrap dedicated the banquet to Zhao. As a result, there was a war between Qin and Zhao in Shangdang area. At this time, Zhao She was dead, Lin Xiangru was seriously ill, and only Lian Po was in charge of military affairs. So, Lian Po was ordered to command two hundred thousand Zhao soldiers and keep them out of Changping (now northwest of Gaoping County, Shaanxi Province) (see the battle of Changping). At that time, Qin Jun had taken the wild king from the south (now Qinyang, Henan) and slightly joined the Party from the north (now central Shanxi), cutting off the connection between Changping and the south, and his morale was high. The Zhao army came from afar, not only at a disadvantage, but also at a passive disadvantage. Faced with this situation, Lian Po correctly adopted the operational policy of establishing base areas to hold on, consuming the enemy and attacking the enemy with cameras. He ordered Zhao to build a tight barrier by virtue of mountain hazards. Despite Qin Jun's several challenges, Lian Po always shuts the crowd out. At the same time, the people in Shangdang area were concentrated, engaged in battlefield transportation, and committed to building fortifications against Qin. Zhao heavily guarded, unable to meet the challenge, and his spirit gradually lost. In order to defeat Qin Jun's plan of a quick victory, Lian Po fought hard and persisted for three years. Seeing that a quick victory was not enough, Qin asked, convincing the prince of Zhao that Qin was most worried about replacing Lian Po with Zhao Kuo. Zhao Wang was eager to win, and finally fell into a trap. He thinks that Lian Po is afraid of war, forcing him to resign from Lian Po and use Zhao Kuo as his general. Although Lin Xiangru protested that Zhao Kuo, an armchair strategist, was not suitable for this post, the prince of Zhao did not listen and appointed Zhao Kuo as general. After Zhao Kuo replaced Lian Po, Lian Po's strategic plan was completely changed and many officers were replaced. Seeing that Zhao Kuo became a general, Qin secretly asked Wu's troops to attack Zhao. In Changping, he defeated the Zhao Kuo army, shot and killed Zhao Kuo, and trapped more than 400,000 Zhao soldiers. In the battle of Zhao Changping, Zhao lost 450,000 people.
After the battle of Changping, Qin took the opportunity to surround Handan, the capital of Zhao (see the battle of Handan), which lasted more than a year. Fortunately, Wei's son Xin stole the military symbol and saved him, but his national strength was greatly reduced.
Yan took Zhao to Changping, and Prime Minister Li abdomen was the general. In view of Zhao's situation that "the strong are all in Changping, but they are unable to do their own thing", Qin sent troops to attack Zhao in the 56th year (the first 25 1 year). Zhao made Lian Po a general and commanded the famous battle of governance. He divided the whole army into two roads. One led by Lecheng went straight to the local area to fight against the Yan army on the West Road, and the other led by himself to face the main force of the Yan army in Juancheng (now Baixiang County, Hebei Province). Lian Po commanded Zhao, who was jointly guarding the township, and adopted the tactics of concentrating his forces and bashing the enemy head-on. The first battle was successful, which defeated the enemy soldiers and knocked out the arrogance of the Yan army. Then, he led the Zhao army to defeat the main force of the Yan army and cut the chestnut belly. Commander-in-Chief Yan Jun was beheaded and fled in panic. Lian Po seized the opportunity of the retreat of the Yan army, and ordered the Zhao army to pursue 56-point attack and drive five hundred miles. In the first 250 years, he entered Ji (now Beijing), the capital of Yan State. The prince of Yan was very happy to see that Yan was in danger, so he had to agree to all the requirements of Zhao, such as ceding 5 cities and making peace with Zhao. Lian Po was honored as the prime minister for his work. About 67 years before and after Ren Xiangguo, Lian Po repeatedly repelled the invading enemy and waited for an opportunity to attack. In the first 245 years, the troops captured Longyang (now the northwest of Neihuang County, Henan Province), indicating that Zhao Guoli had recovered.
Lian Po was dismissed by Changping and went home. When he lost power, all his former clients left. When he was reused as a general, the public gathered again. Lian Po was very excited and asked them to retreat. The public told him that it was nothing strange. Now we make friends by buying and selling in the market. If you have the strength, we will follow you. If you have no electricity, we will leave. This is common sense in business. What's to complain about?
In the second year of Qin Shihuang (245 BC), Zhao Chengxiao died as king, and his son Zhao Dunxiang succeeded him. King Xiang listened to the slanderers of treacherous court official Guo Kai, dismissed Lian Po and sent Lecheng instead of Lian Po. Angry at being excluded, Lian Po attacked Lecheng, and Lecheng fled. Lian Po left Zhao and went to Liang of Wei (now Kaifeng, Henan). Lian Po lived in Daliang for a long time. Although Wang Wei took him in, he didn't trust him. Because Zhao was besieged for many times, the king of Zhao wanted to appoint Lian Po and Lian Po wanted to be appointed by Zhao. The prince of Zhao sent Tang Jiu, the eunuch, to see Lian Po with a pair of precious armor and four fast horses to see if Lian Po could still be used. Guo Kai, the enemy of Lian Po, secretly gave Tang Jiu a lot of money and spoke ill of Lian Po, fearing that Lian Po would take power again. After Zhao's emissary met Lian Po, Lian Po ate a bucket of rice and ten catties of meat in front of him, and put on armor to show that he was still useful. But the messenger came back and reported to the king of Zhao: "General Lian is old and eats well, but he sat with me and shit three times in a short time." Wang Zhao thought Lian Po was old, so he didn't appoint him, and Lian Po never had a chance to serve his country again.
When Chu heard that Lian Po was in Wei, he secretly sent someone to meet him. After Lian Po became a general of Chu, he made no achievements. He said: "I want to show my attachment to the folks in my motherland with Zhao people (Biography of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru). However, after all, Zhao failed to reuse him, which led to the depression of this generation of famous soldiers who made great contributions to Zhao Li, and finally died in Shouchun (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province) of Chu State. Ten years later, Zhao was destroyed by Qin (see the battle of Qin destroying Zhao).
Lian Po Mausoleum is located on the south slope of Niufang Mountain, Bagong Mountain, 7 kilometers north of Shouxian County. The tomb faces west and has a circumference of 300 meters. It is bordered by Huaihe River in the west and surrounded by mountains in the north, south and east. A generation of romantic scenery attracts mountains and rivers, and heroic spirit stirs up the future.
Comments: Lian Po was an outstanding military general during the Warring States Period. He fought for decades, besieged numerous cities and never lost. People are also worried and dare to correct their mistakes. His life, as Sima Guang said, "Whether Lian Po is used or not is really related to Zhao's life and death. Only in this way can we truly serve Yin Jian for future generations. " This conclusion not only summarizes the historical facts of Lian Po's life experience of honor and disgrace, but also reveals the important relationship between talents and the rise and fall of the country, which is really worth pondering by future generations.