Yang Shan was called Fengyang in history. Fengyang County was established in the second year of Taishi in the Western Jin Dynasty (266), and Shanyang County was established in the first year of Song Xianping (AD 998). The county seat is located in the south of Shangshan, hence the name. Jinfei County is a town, which belongs to Shangluo County. Yuan Fu set up Fengyang County. In the 12th year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (1476), it was renamed Shanyang County, and it has been more than 700 years since it was founded. Yang Shan is located at the southern foot of Qinling Mountains, in Shangluo City. Because there is Liu Ling in the north, Maoling in the middle and Yunling in the south, it is called "Three Mountains and Two Rivers". Because the ravine is deep and there are relatively few cultivated land and rivers, there is also a saying that "eight mountains, one water and one field". It is adjacent to Feng Dan and Shangnan in the east, Zhen 'an and Zhashui in the west, Yunxi County in Hubei Province in the south and Shangzhou District in the north. The county covers an area of 35 14 square kilometers, 30 townships (towns), 32 1 village (residence), with 65438+420,000 households. The forest area in the territory is 3.73 million mu, and the forest coverage rate is 62.9%.
Shanyang County: Located in Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province, it belongs to the Qinling Mountains in the southeast of Shaanxi Province. The climate is humid, with agriculture, medicinal materials and minerals as the main economic pillars. Main attractions: Moon Cave, Tianzhu Mountain, and main rivers: Qianjin River, which flows into Hanjiang River, Weihe River and Danjiang River. The population is 420,000. County People's Government is located in Chengguan Town with postal code of 726400. Administrative division code: 6 1 1024. Area code: 09 14.
administrative division
Shanyang County governs 15 Town and 15 Township: Chengguan Town, Gaoba Town, Changgou Town, Zhongcun Town, Yin Hua Town, Xizhaochuan Town, Manchuanguan Town, Nankuanping Town, Hujiayuan Town, Yang Di Town, Niuerchuan Town, Xiaohekou Town, Sehepu Town, Banyan Town and Zi Yuan Street Town.
The main features are rich:
Chinese medicinal materials include turmeric, tung oil, walnut, chestnut, sesame, auricularia, peanut, mushroom, gastrodia elata and honeysuckle.
The main food crops are wheat and corn, followed by potatoes, sweet potatoes, rice and beans.
Cash crops include buckwheat, sesame, peanut, lotus, konjac and so on.
Economic forest: The main products are tung oil tree, lacquer tree, persimmon, walnut, chestnut and orange.
Dioscorea zingiberensis, Schisandra chinensis, Fructus Forsythiae, Flos Lonicerae, Rhizoma Gastrodiae, Eucommiae Cortex, etc.
Livestock and poultry owners: cattle, sheep, pigs and chickens.
Rich in mineral resources: 49 kinds of copper, iron, gold, silver, lead, zinc and vanadium.
natural environment
Shanyang County is located at the southern foot of Qinling Mountain in the southeast of Shaanxi Province, belonging to the Hanjiang River system in the Yangtze River basin, with a total area of 35 14 square kilometers, ranking first in Shangluo area. The average altitude is 1 100 m, the annual average temperature is 13. 1 degree Celsius, the annual average precipitation is 709 mm, and the annual frost-free period is 207 days, which belongs to the monsoon semi-humid mountain climate with the transition from subtropical zone to warm temperate zone.
There are ancient Fengyang Pagoda in Tang Dynasty, Tianzhu Mountain virgin forest and Moon Cave and Bailong Cave. There are eight ancient scenic spots in Fengyang, such as Fengxiang Map, Jiuzhong Luo Xing, Er Quan Tian Jian, Daoyuan Winding Path, Tianzhu Xiao Mo, Shixia Line Sky, Gushan Diecui and Jinhuahui. Things change when the stars move. Up to now, there are only three scenic spots in Fengyang-only "Tianzhu Xiao Mo, Shi Xia Hangtian, Gushan Diecui".
Yang Shan county is an old revolutionary area. From the Agrarian Revolution to the War of Liberation, he made certain contributions to China's revolutionary cause. Xu, Li Xiannian, Cheng, Xu Haidong and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation fought bloody battles here and founded the Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi revolutionary base area and the Soviet government in the Hubei-Shaanxi border region.
Lingnan slope is located in the south of Shangluo area. It borders Shangnan, Feng Dan, Zhen 'an, Zhashui and Shangzhou in the east and northwest, and Yunxi County in Hubei Province in the south. The territory is mountainous and ravines criss-cross, belonging to the topographic structure of the middle and low mountains on the southern slope of Qinling Mountain. The mountainous area accounts for 82% of the total area, and the terrain is generally high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with an altitude of 800- 1500m. Liu Ling, Guling and Yunling mountains intersect north and south: Liu Ling is located in the north of China, with an altitude of 1600- 1900 meters, and is composed of schist, quartzite, marble and gneiss. Stork ridge, located in the middle, has the main peak of Tianzhu Mountain, with an altitude of 2074 meters. It is the highest peak in the county and consists of slate, shale, quartzite and phyllite. Located in the south, Yunling Mountain in Yunxi has the highest peaks of Jinpenliang and Wulongdian, with the main peaks of1832m and1716m respectively, which are composed of limestone and sandstone. Valley plains account for 65,438+08% of the total area, and are generally distributed along the Yin Hua River and Qianjin River basins, with an altitude of 550-800 meters. The elevation of Qianjin River Basin is generally between 350-600 meters. The main rivers are Qian Qian River, Yin Hua River and Xiejia River. The flow lengths are 80km, 40km and 38km respectively. The basin area is 2400, 600 and 400 square kilometers respectively.
Shanyang county belongs to the topographic structure of the middle and low mountainous areas on the southern slope of Qinling Mountains. The mountainous area accounts for 83% of the county area, the water surface accounts for 8%, and the cultivated land accounts for 9%, so it is called "eight mountains, one water and one field". There are many mountains and canyons in this area. Liu Ling, Stork and Yunling Mountains run east-west, and cross north and south, forming a landform of "three mountains and two rivers", with an average elevation of 1 100 meters. This river is a tributary of the Hanjiang River in the Yangtze River system, with a river network density of 1.2km/km2, and is extremely rich in water resources. The main rivers are Qian Qian River and Yin Hua River, with a length of158km and a drainage area of 3,400km2.
According to the water resources survey of hydropower department in 1984, the annual average runoff of surface self-produced water is 846 million cubic meters, and the total surface passenger water (referring to transit water) is 6014.47 million cubic meters, totaling14.47 million cubic meters. According to1984377200 population and 437400 mu of cultivated land, the annual per capita water consumption is 3890 cubic meters, and the per mu water consumption is 3308 cubic meters. Groundwater is 354 million cubic meters/year. The annual hydropower reserve is 6.5438+0.95 million kilowatts, of which the exploitable capacity is 56.49 million kilowatts.
Climatic characteristics
The whole area belongs to the monsoon semi-humid mountain climate which is the transition from subtropical zone to warm temperate zone. The climate is mild and the four seasons are distinct. "There is no cold in winter and no heat in summer". The average temperature is 13. 1℃, the average sunshine hours are 2 134 hours, the average annual rainfall is 709 mm, and the frost-free period is 207 days. Affected by the natural geographical environment, animals and plants are widely distributed and there are many kinds. There are more than 150 kinds of animals, and more than 20 kinds of wild animals are protected by the state. More than 4,000 species of plants, accounting for more than 0/0% of the whole province; Medicinal material resources are very rich, * * * has various medicinal materials 1000, and is known as the "treasure house of medicinal materials".
socioeconomics
Yang Shan county is an agricultural county. The main food crops are wheat and corn, followed by potatoes, sweet potatoes, rice and beans. Cash crops include buckwheat, sesame, peanut, lotus root, konjac and so on. There are 3.73 million mu of forests in the territory, with a forest coverage rate of 62.9%. Timber forest is dominated by Pinus tabulaeformis, and economic forest is dominated by chestnut, walnut, tea, orange, tung tree, persimmon and sumac. Animal husbandry is in a subordinate position in grain production, and the main varieties are cattle, sheep, pigs and chickens. After nearly 20 years' efforts, Shanyang County has initially established industrial systems such as metallurgy, building materials, chemicals, medicine and food. The main industrial products are refined copper powder, refined vanadium, electric furnace zinc powder, portland cement, saponin, walnut soft candy and Chinese and western medicines.
infrastructure
-Roads extend in all directions. There are 265,438+03 existing highways, of which 7 trunk highways are connected with the outside of the county, 365,438+02 National Highway in the north, Xikang Railway in the west, Hubei in the south and Henan in the east. The total length of provincial roads, county roads, township roads, village roads and special roads in the county is 1958.53km, and the road share per 100 square kilometers is 56.76km. A three-level highway network with the county as the center, provincial and county highways as the skeleton, township roads as the artery and village roads as the network has begun to take shape.
-Adequate power supply. It has been connected to the northwest power grid. Up to now, the county's total power investment is more than 90 million yuan for facility construction and network transformation. Five 35kv substations and two 1 10kv substations have been built and under construction, and the transformation of 120 rural power grid has been completed, realizing the electrification of every village, which can provide sufficient power for the county's economic development.
-The communication network is sound. The county's total telephone capacity exceeds 20,000, 80% of townships have realized optical cable communication, and 78% of villages have connected telephones, basically forming an efficient and fast optical cable backbone transmission network and an integrated telecommunications service network including digital microwave, satellite communication, program-controlled exchange, data communication, video conference and other means, which has made contributions to serving the county's economic construction.
-Urban construction has begun to take shape. The total planned area of the county is 8.829 square kilometers, forming a "one horizontal and two vertical" urban system development framework. The hotel has complete facilities. In 2000, the county party committee and the county government decided to launch the "County Construction Year". At present, ten key construction projects such as county square and greening around the city are being implemented.
agriculture
Yang Shan is an agricultural county. With the development of 1978- 1998 in the past 20 years, the connotation of focusing on agriculture and planting agriculture is changing. The total agricultural output value accounts for 58.0% of the total industrial output value from 1978 to 1997. The main food crops are wheat and corn, followed by potatoes, sweet potatoes, rice and beans. Cash crops include buckwheat, sesame, peanut, lotus, konjac and so on. Forest by-products include Shangzhi, Auricularia auricula, Lentinus edodes, Kiwi, Gracilaria lemaneiformis and so on. There are 3.73 million mu of forests in the territory, with a forest coverage rate of 62.9%. Economic forests are mainly tung trees, sumac trees, persimmons, walnuts, chestnuts and oranges. A large number of traditional Chinese medicines include Schisandra chinensis, forsythia suspensa, honeysuckle, gastrodia elata, Eucommia ulmoides and so on. There are 3 reservoirs and 63 ponds and dams, with an irrigation area of more than 70,000 mu and a soil erosion control area of10.5 million square kilometers. Livestock and poultry are mainly cattle, sheep, pigs and chickens. The territory is rich in mineral resources, including 49 kinds of copper, iron, gold, silver, lead, zinc and vanadium. The main industrial enterprises are cement plants, chemical plants and pharmaceutical factories. In recent years, vanadium mining has risen rapidly in Yang Shan, becoming one of the pillar industries of industrial enterprises in this county.
industry
The large-scale development of county-run industries in Yang Shan began in 1970s. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, with the shift of the focus of the whole party and the whole country to economic construction, it has brought good opportunities for the development of county industrial economy, and county industries have shown unprecedented development momentum. Dozens of state-owned enterprises such as Yang Shan Cement Plant, Yang Shan Nitrogen Fertilizer Plant, Yang Shan Chemical Plant, Yang Shan Winery, Yangshan Mining Development Co., Ltd., Yangshan Zinc Industry Co., Ltd. and Qinyang Building Materials Co., Ltd. have been established one after another. Since then, a new situation has emerged in the development of office industry in Yang Shan County.
Up to now, Shanyang county has established leading enterprises such as Bikang Pharmaceutical Factory and Zhiyuan Food Co., Ltd. in combination with county advantages.
tourist resources
Shanyang County is located in the hinterland of the southern slope of Qinling Mountains. Since ancient times, it has been the southwest flood and drought throat channel connecting Qin Chu. The blending of North and South cultures, rich cultural and historical accumulation, rich ecological resources, simple folk customs, criss-crossing ravines, beautiful mountains and rivers, complete vegetation, scattered caves, a wide variety of wild animals, mild climate, unique geographical location and numerous cultural landscapes with a long history have created rich advantages in tourism resources and broad prospects for tourism development. The eight scenic spots in ancient Fengyang-Fengyang Map, Manchuan Circulation, Jiuzhong Luo Xing, Double Breast Cloud Lock, Butterflies in the Lonely Mountain, Tianzhu Xiao Mo, Shixia Line Sky and Jinhua Club-still make visitors linger. Tianzhu Mountain, known as the "Little Wudang", and Moon Cave, known as the "First Cave in Shaanxi", were invested and built by xi 'an Longxin Industry and Trade Company, and now they have begun to take shape, receiving more than 20,000 tourists around May Day. Other tourist attractions, such as Bailong Cave, Taibai Cave, Stone Man, Pastoral Scenery in Manchuan and Mule Club, also have their own characteristics.
Chinese herbal medicine resources
Due to the diversity of topography and climate, the diversity of plant resources, especially the variety and wide distribution of medicinal value resources, is known as the "treasure house of natural Chinese herbal medicines". According to the census data, there are more than 0/000 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials in the county, and 498 kinds have been developed and utilized, including 6 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials, 32 kinds of genuine medicinal materials, 47 kinds of cultivated medicinal materials, 33 kinds of short medicinal materials, 266 kinds of wild medicinal materials, 59 kinds of folk medicinal materials and 45 kinds of animal and mineral Chinese medicinal materials, which have been listed and purchased. Due to the limited number of wild species, it can't meet the market demand. In order to give full play to the advantages of resources and meet the market demand, Shanyang County began to cultivate Chinese herbal medicines on a large scale from 1984. At present, potatoes and taro 1.6 million mu are planted, with an annual output of 200,000 tons. After inspection, the average content of Yangshan yam and taro saponin in two years was 0.89%, which was 0.37 percentage points higher than that in other areas, and the average content in three years was 1.3 1%, which was 0.42 percentage points higher than that in other areas. Danshen is 3000 tons, and danshensu is 65% of Danshen. 25,000 mu of second flowers, with an annual output of 2,500 tons of second flowers; 20,000 mu of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (growing period); Bupleurum chinense 1 10,000 mu, with an annual output of Bupleurum chinense10.5 million tons; Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Radix Astragali, Cortex Moutan, Radix Isatidis, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Rhizoma Arisaematis and other 30,000 mu, with an annual output of 4,500 tons; Gastrodia elata has grown to 165438+ 10,000 square meters (including 400,000 square meters of sexual gastrodia elata), with an annual output of 2,750 tons of fresh commercial hemp. At present, 18 has built a centralized contiguous drug source base of 20,000 mu above 1000 mu; 40 contiguous bases of more than 500 mu with an area of 20,000 mu; More than 100 mu of contiguous bases 120,10.5 million mu; 65,438+0,000 mu, and 65,438+0,800 contiguous bases with 50 mu or more. There are12,000 large households planting medicinal materials of more than 5 mu, accounting for about 10% of the total number of farmers in the county. The cultivation of medicinal materials has formed a certain scale and is gradually developing in the direction of scientific, pastoral and standardized cultivation. Therefore, in 200 1 year, Shanyang county was named as "the national planting base of salvia miltiorrhiza, potato and taro" and "the modern science and technology demonstration county of traditional Chinese medicine in Shaanxi Province" by Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department.
From March 2065438 to March 2009, the Ministry of Water Resources announced the first batch of counties (districts) that reached the standard for the construction of water-saving society, and Shanyang County was on the list.
From 2065438 to March 2009, Shanyang County was included in the list of the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization counties (Sichuan-Shaanxi area).
In June 2020, Shanyang County was included in the second batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization counties (Long March District (Red 25 Army)).
On July 29th, 2020, the national patriotic health campaign committee reconfirmed Shanyang County as the national health township (county) in 2020.