Guqin tells something about Guqin.
I remember Lin Xili said, "The tradition of guqin is word of mouth, but she has preserved the culture of the Chinese nation for thousands of years in this seemingly stubborn way, which is amazing, and the relationship between inheritance and innovation is very subtle". Only by studying the' old' and ancient culture of guqin can we develop the' new' in modern times. They are in conflict but related, so translation is hard, but it is also an inheritance and innovation.
Guqin is not China's pipa. It should have its own local name and keep its own culture. The World of Guqin is another novel world for the author and translator, isn't it for us? It is important to brush away the dust and understand the guqin and the stories behind it, but it is also important to understand the stories of its collectors and inheritors. The way to learn and know the piano is not melodramatic elegance, but an understanding and review of a period of history and culture. Look at the guqin and walk into the story of "Qin Yuan" and "popularity".
Understand the complexity and painstaking process of guqin production, and you will understand that guqin painting uses the word "respect" appropriately.
The author thinks that playing guqin is a long and full of vitality tradition, but it is always troublesome to observe various preparations and rules when playing guqin. However, when we know the time and sweat needed to "make a guqin", we know that playing guqin seriously is the greatest respect for it, and playing guqin is a sacred thing.
Guqin has many parts. The guqin is 120cm long, 20cm wide at one end and 15cm long at the other end.
The piano face is generally made of paulownia wood. Because of its soft wood, the upper part of the * * * sound box has the function of fingerboard, and there are thirteen dots as marks, which are called "emblem". The "one emblem" is on the far right, with the "seven emblem" in the middle. The seven emblem is the largest, and the two sides are narrowed one by one. The bottom of the piano is catalpa, which has excellent stability. The drier the wood used to make the piano face and bottom, the better. Paulownia and catalpa trees in old temples and coffins are the best, and trees growing on the shady slopes of high mountains are the best wood.
Guqin must be painted to protect it, and it will break over time. Guqin is covered with a cement-like substance called "tire", which is 3 to 5 mm thick. Everyone learns to coat it, harden it, and then "coat" it on the tire. "Lacquer" has a strong protective effect on water, and can also prevent pests such as tree worms from eating. After raw lacquer is filtered and boiled, tile ash or antler ash is generally mixed. One coat is very thin, the second coat is very thick, and the third and fourth coats are as thin as possible, so it is smooth. When polishing, it is best to touch some sesame oil on your hands, which is equivalent to an extra layer of protection.
Repeated painting will present a wonderful piano surface, and the frequent rubbing of the piano surface is to protect the "paint". Due to the different composition of lacquer tire, Qin will form various "broken lines" in the changes of years. It takes hundreds or thousands of years for a grain to form, and "plum blossom broken" and "ice grain broken" are the best. Putting the piano upright on weekdays and flat in summer is the cultivation of the piano.
The seven strings of a piano are one string from the outside to the inside, and the seven strings are 1.5mm, 1.35mm, 1.2mm, etc. A chord of 1.5mm can be composed of 108 silk threads, decreasing in turn. This manufacturing process is incredible. Silk thread is a thread made of silk, which can basically be different in thickness according to needs. However, it is better to raise silkworms with Zheshu than with mulberry leaves. Saline-alkali land is not suitable for planting trees, and Zheshu growing in Sichuan is the best. After the strings are finished, they must be "boiled", "wiped", "tuned" and "stretched". This step requires a lot of time and thinking.
The inscription on the bottom of the piano is also very particular, which is a blessing to the piano and fate. Generally, the name and year of production of the manufacturer or repairer of the piano will be indicated, but it can only be written on the bottom of the piano. Writing first and then engraving, in order not to destroy the piano, requires high skills.
People also learned to name Qin, because most people refer to the catalogue, so Qin will have the same name. Name or symbolize a season, the change of nature or the sound of animals according to the timbre of the piano. One is called "Nameless" and the other is called "Qingqi" (Sima Xiangru used to play "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix"). A good name makes a piano spread all over the world.
The stories related to Qin are different. Seven sages of bamboo forest play guqin.
Guqin first appeared not as a musical instrument, but as a tool for wizards to ask God directly. They used guqin to convey God's will in those religious ceremonies, so the original guqin was rough in shape and could not play beautiful music.
There are three theories about the creator of guqin. First, Fuxi, one of the "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" in ancient times, particularly emphasized Fuxi's creation of Cao Qin's Guqin Collection compiled by Cai Yong. He takes "paulownia as the body and silk as the string", turns out hypocrisy and immorality, and brings people back to reality. Secondly, Shennong, one of the "Huang San", is not very clear about his connection with Guqin, but there is a Guqin style named after him that brings this speculation. Thirdly, the Yellow Emperor in the Five Emperors found the sound tube, determined the twelve tones, and standardized the role of music in religious sacrifice.
There are always stories like "crane" and "Europe" in guqin. Playing guqin is not only a skill, but also a story of expressing love with pure spirit, eliminating selfish desires and distractions and living in harmony with nature.
Revenge of Nie Zheng and Ji Kang's famous works before his death are all stories related to the famous guqin Song Guangling III, and Ji Kang's Fu Qin has also become the bible of guqin art; Seven sages of the bamboo forest made "banana leaves" guqin; Zhuge Liang lied to Sima Yi by playing the guqin in Enemy at the Gates, and the story of "empty city plan" related to guqin has been staged in the teahouse.
The lyre found in the tomb of Changsha Prime Minister Li Cang and his wife unearthed in the 2nd century BC is exactly the same as the modern guqin. The inheritance of guqin inherits the thoughts of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. Buddhism and Taoism are good, and Taoism is a dream of integrating into nature. Confucianism needs a stable and orderly society.
Guqin, creating a dream of Taoyuan, Daiyu playing the piano.
Guqin is indispensable in the entertainment and leisure activities of literati. Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the 4th century A.D., swam in the Qushui of Lanting with friends, played the piano and tasted wine, and left a masterpiece "Preface to Lanting Collection". Song Huizong is an emperor and an artist. He built a garden less than five kilometers in the capital of song dynasty. He collects all kinds of artworks, including guqin, and set up the "Wan Qin Pavilion" in Xuanhe to collect all the treasures of guqin in the world. This is the Taoyuan dream created by Song Huizong, and it is difficult for future generations to reach this level again.
Generally, a large family will hang guqin in the study. In A Dream of Red Mansions, both Baoyu and Jia Zheng hang guqin in their study. You may not be able to play, but it is a symbol of culture. The place where guqin is placed at home is indoor and outdoor, and a stone table, a piano altar and a piano pavilion can be set outdoors; The piano case can be placed indoors, and such objects are placed in Daiyu's study; You can set up a special piano room with two clay pots in it to enhance the sound effect.
Before playing the guqin, you must know the story told in the score and the background of the times at that time. This is the cultural accomplishment of piano, which can not improve the fingering skills that need to be practiced repeatedly as soon as possible, but it can make people enter the artistic atmosphere of music score as soon as possible, which can play a great role in understanding and playing. Different scores show different melodies in different hands, which is the pianist's own understanding of music. A good pianist can play beautiful music without eyes, that is to really understand the music he is playing.
I have a great interest in the piano. There is a saying about the piano, "But knowing that the piano is interesting, why bother playing on the strings?" Bo Ya and Zi Zi's Mountain Flowing Water tells us why it is a "bosom friend". Making friends with the piano is an elegant thing and a sincere expression. The sound of the piano is the sound, and those who understand it are bosom friends.
The mysterious guqin needs photos of the guardian author and her teacher who studied the piano in the past.
The sacred feeling of guqin from the soul comes not only from the respect for the pianist, but also from its own aura. The names of all parts of guqin are related to dragons, phoenixes and geese. The wide side of guqin's piano face is called "phoenix forehead", the crossbar on the piano face is called Yueshan, and the strings are tied into a "dragonfly knot" from the middle hole. The narrow side of the string is called "dragon glue", and the two inlays next to it are called "mating".
There are two sound holes at the bottom of the piano. The long one is called "Longtan" and the short one is called "Phoenix Marsh". The combination of the two also has the charm of "dragon and phoenix are auspicious". Near the Phoenix Ridge, there are two small pillars called "Goose Feet" to support the guqin.
The symbolic meaning of guqin runs through the culture, and its original writing not only begins with pictographs, but also is an interpretation of life. Guqin is not only a musical instrument, but also the inheritance of China culture. Although there are different situations in different periods, it is the normal state of musical instruments to be ignored as it is now, and national music will not be replaced by western music.
Yiyuan Garden in Suzhou is still a gathering place for guqin lovers from ancient times to today. You can also hear people of different ages and identities playing guqin in the pavilion, exchanging music scores and new tracks. Although Guqin culture was once impacted, the official indifference does not mean that it will be depressed, and the enthusiasm of the people keeps it vigorous.
Author: eleven, welcome attention: novel The Red Chamber, take you to study together!