There are many chapters there. I can't copy them all.
Is this it?
A gentleman's careful communication is conducive to words and deeds.
The ancients said: a thousand years and saints, you are still alive; A sage in five hundred years is still better than (1). "Sages are rare, so they are widely spread. Don't you admire Ann as an ignorant gentleman? I was born in troubled times and grew up in a soldier's army. I am getting more and more scattered and listening a lot; Respectable celebrities have not lost their ecstasy to admire. When people are young, their expressions are uncertain and they are confused about money. It's natural to smoke and dye pottery, talk and laugh, have no intention of learning, and run away. More importantly, those who are more knowledgeable and easier to learn can exercise their skills. Therefore, living with good people, such as entering Lan Zhi's room, is fragrant for a long time; Being with the wicked is like entering the land of abalone, which stinks. Mozi is sad to dye silk, so it is called Yi. A gentleman must be careful in making friends. Confucius said, "He who has no friends is not as good as himself. "Yan, min six acts, how can the world get! But it's better than me and expensive enough.
translate
The ancients said: "a saint is born in a thousand years, as fast as from morning till night;" A wise man comes out in 500 years, just like one after another. "This shows that sages are valuable. If you meet an understanding gentleman who is rare in the world, how can you not be attached to him and admire him? Born in troubled times, raised in wartime, wandering around, I have heard and seen enough. But as long as you meet a famous saint, you can admire others with ecstasy. When I was young, my spiritual temperament had not been finalized. I was accompanied by that like-minded friend day and night and was influenced by him. Although I didn't intend to learn, I naturally became similar to my friends in a subtle way. Besides, morality and skills are obviously easy to learn. Therefore, a good life is like entering a room of grass, and it will last for a long time in Mika; Living with the wicked is like entering a shop full of abalone, which will stink after a long time. Mozi sighed when he saw others dye silk, which is what he meant. A gentleman must be careful when dealing with people. Confucius said, "Don't make friends with people who are not as good as yourself. "Sages like Yan Hui and Min Min are not always available! As long as he is better than me, it is enough to make me value him.
To annotate ...
① (①(bo): scapula. 2 broadcast: dispersion, exile. (3) Paragraph: Paragraph conforms to practice. Of being closely related to each other. 4 exercise: moral integrity. Artistic ability: ability, skill. ⑤ Compared with "coke", it is obvious. There is also a modal particle pronounced "yeah" to express doubt. ⑥ Yan Min: refers to Confucius' disciples Yan Hui and Min Shi.
comment
As the saying goes, what comes in is red, and what enters the ink is black. Living with good people is like entering Lan Zhi's room, which will last a long time. Keeping company with the wicked is like eating abalone, which stinks for a long time. Making friends with people must be conducive to cultivating sentiment and increasing talents. Otherwise, I'd rather have no friends than make random friends.
2. The translation of "Shenjiao" in classical Chinese-the interpretation of "Shenjiao" in vernacular Chinese;
When a person is a teenager, his thoughts and sentiments have not yet been finalized, and he is influenced by his best friends. Even if he doesn't intend to learn from each other, it is similar imperceptibly and naturally, not to mention the obvious easy-to-learn aspects such as operation skills.
Therefore, being with good people is like entering a room full of herbs such as cheese orchids. After a long time, you will become fragrant. Being with the bad guys is like going into a salted fish shop. Over time, you stink.
Mozi once sighed at the dyed silk and said that this is the truth. People with both ability and political integrity must be very careful when making friends! Confucius said, "Don't make friends with people who are not as good as yourself". People like Yan Hui and Min Min can't be there forever. As long as there is something better than me, it is very valuable.
Original text:
It is natural for people to be young, indecisive, confused with each other, talking and laughing, unwilling to learn, sneaking around and being in the dark, not to mention those who are more knowledgeable and easy to learn.
Therefore, living with good people, such as entering Lan Zhi's room, is fragrant for a long time; Being with the wicked is like entering the land of abalone, which stinks. It is sad to dye silk, so it is called Iraq. A gentleman should be careful in making friends. Confucius said, "He who has no friends is not as good as himself." Yan, Min's disciple, how can you get it! But it's better than me and expensive enough.
This article is from Yan Jiaxun written by Yan Zhitui in the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
Extended data
Writing background:
Yan Zhitui (after 53 1-59 1). Yan was originally from Linyi (now north of Linyi, Shandong). Cross the river with the Eastern Jin Dynasty and live in Jiankang. During the Hou Jing Rebellion, Xiao Yi, Emperor of Liang Yuan, stood on his own feet in Jiangling, and served as an assistant minister. In the third year of his holiness (554), the Western Wei Dynasty broke Jiangling, was pushed westward and was captured.
In order to return to the south of the Yangtze River, he took advantage of the rising of the Yellow River to smuggle people from Hongnong (now lingbao city). After experiencing the danger of being a pillar, he fled to Beiqi first. However, in the Southern Dynasties, Chen Dailiang's wish to return to the south failed, that is, he stayed in the Northern Qi Dynasty, and the official went to Huangmen Assistant Minister. Qi died in 577 and entered the week. After the Sui Dynasty, he became an official in the Sui Dynasty.
Yan Zhitui lived through four dynasties and was a "national subjugator". He suffered from chaos and was deeply worried. I once wrote an article "Viewing My Life's Endowment", which was very helpless to the changes of the country and family, and also had the helplessness of "giving up my life for three things".
His heart ached, his face was full of tears, and he was full of remorse: "I would like to learn sword under the grass without reading." I don't want to paste my body with my palm. I'm happy to be a pearl. I can't say goodbye to my poverty. Yao Shun can't say goodbye to his simplicity and stubbornness. How did this poverty come about? I am ashamed of myself? " The feelings of grief and indignation are beyond words.
The book "Family Instructions of Yan Family" not only recorded the situation of "the resurgence of Xuanfeng, the popularity of Buddhism, the spread of Xianbei, and the popular writing Sheng Xing" at that time, but also preserved some valuable historical documents for future generations. In the article, through the discussion of the works of writers in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it reflects the literary views at that time and his own literary ideas.
Yan Zhitui attaches great importance to literature. He criticized Yang Xiong's view that literature is a small skill, and expounded the importance of literature (including knowledge, oral debate, composition and other cultural qualities) from the perspective of personal cultivation.
As for the function of literature, Yan Zhitui not only narrowly attributed it to serving political enlightenment and practicality, but also affirmed that literature has the aesthetic function of pleasing people's eyes and ears and cultivating the soul, and at the same time showed a strong literary aesthetic ability in his creative practice. His articles are true in content, approachable in writing and unique and simple in style, which has a far-reaching influence on later generations.
3. What do you gain from making friends after reading a gentleman's cautious friendship? A friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, that is, the communication between gentlemen is as plain as water, not for fame and wealth, not for vanity. "Zhuangzi Miki": "The friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and the friendship between villains is as sweet as ever; A gentleman is indifferent to his relatives, and a villain is willing to rest. "
Because the friendship between gentlemen is as clear and plain as water, it is possible to communicate for a long time.
Supplement:
During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, before Xue became a great man, he lived in a broken cave with his wife, with no food and clothing, and was supported by the Wang couple on a regular basis. Later, when Xue joined the army and followed the crusade of Emperor Taizong, he was named "King Liao Ping" because of his great contribution to Xue. Once on the Longmen, it is worth a hundred times. There was an endless stream of civil and military ministers who came to give gifts and congratulations, but they were all declined by Xue politely. The only thing he accepted was the "two jars of wine" sent by the common people Wang. As soon as the jar was opened, the deacon in charge of unsealing turned pale with fear, because the jar was filled with water instead of wine! "Report to your report, this person is so bold to tease your report, please punish him severely!" Unexpectedly, Xue was not angry, so he ordered the deacon to get a big bowl and drink the clear water from the king in public. The civil and military officials present were puzzled. After drinking three bowls of clear water, Xue said to him, "I used to rely on the support of the Wangs when I was in trouble." Without them, I wouldn't be as prosperous as I am today. Now, I don't drink or accept gifts, but I want to receive clean water from Wang Ge, because I know that Wang Ge is poor and it is also a beautiful thing for Wang Ge to send clean water. This is called a friendship between gentlemen as light as water. " Since then, Xue has a close relationship with the Wang family, and the story of "a friendship between gentlemen is as light as water" has been passed down to this day.
What is a gentleman? Confucius said, "I don't know my fate, but I don't think I'm a gentleman." This' life' is the noumenon of life, the Tao and the so-called' life'. In Marx's words, it is the essential strength of human beings. Those who know "fate" and "Tao" are called "gentlemen". We will strive for self-improvement and be healthy with the sky. That is, the Yin Fu Jing said: "The way to observe the sky and the trip to the sky are exhausted."
"A gentleman seeks the Tao without seeking food, and a gentleman worries about the Tao without worrying about poverty". What are you looking for? What are you worried about? Gentleman "cultivate one's morality to respect", "cultivate one's morality to protect others" and "cultivate one's morality to protect others".
What is water?
Liquid, colorless and tasteless. Water can become ice at 0 degrees, and ice can become water at 0 degrees.
A friendship between gentlemen is as light as water: a surprise in the dark, and a good human nature.
Therefore, a gentleman should be careful not to care. What does this ancient prose inspire you? The Book of Rites, The Doctrine of the Mean, says: "Destiny is nature, frankness is Tao, and cultivation is teaching. If you are a Taoist, you can't leave for a moment; You can stay, but you can't. So a gentleman is wary of what he can't see, and fear is almost unheard of. If you don't see it, you don't show it, so the gentleman is cautious. "
It means: "A person's natural endowment is called" sex ",acting according to his nature is called" Tao ",and cultivating according to the principle of" Tao "is called" teaching ". Tao, this thing, can't deviate for a moment; If we can deviate, it is not Tao. Gentlemen understand this truth, so be careful, because they know whether they will see it or not, and they are afraid because they know whether they will hear it or not. Concealed will not be seen, concealed will not be observed, and a gentleman will be cautious when he is alone.
Inspire:
The traditional concept of Confucianism is that a gentleman is cautious and independent.
From a modern point of view, greatness lies in self-management. You don't need others to urge you to take the initiative to do something. Don't give up halfway is the key.