Flowers and aquatic plants on the land are lovely (fán). Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since Li Tang came, people all over the world have loved peonies. Lotus is not stained with mud, clear but not demon, straight through the outside world, not creeping, clear fragrance, graceful and pure, which can be viewed from a distance but not profaned. Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey (y: and)! The love of chrysanthemums and flowers, Tao (Xi mǎn m?n) has also been heard. Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for many people.
Flowers of land and water vegetation 1, lovely ones are rare 2. Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone 3. Since Li Tanglai 4, the world loves peony very much. The mud for Du Ailian is 5 not dyed 6, the clear ripple is not demon 7, straight through, not creeping and not branching 8, Xiangyuanming 9, pavilions 10 are static plants, which are not ridiculous from a distance 1 1.
To call chrysanthemum, the hermit of the flower is12; Peony 13, with strong floral fragrance; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers 14. Eh, 15! Chrysanthemum's love is 16, and Queen Tao rarely heard of 17. Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for 18 people.
To annotate ...
1 Ailian said: selected from Zhu Yuanzhang and Gong Ji. The authors of Shuo, such as Illustration of Taiji and Shu Tong, are a school of ancient expository writing, and can tell things and reason.
2 norm (fán): many.
3 Tao Yuanming's exclusive love for chrysanthemums in Jin Dynasty: Tao Yuanming (365-427), born in Xunyang (now Jiujiang County, Jiangxi Province) in Eastern Jin Dynasty, was a famous poet in Eastern Jin Dynasty. He loves chrysanthemums alone and often praises chrysanthemums in his poems. For example, in the poem "Drinking", "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge and seeing Nanshan leisurely" has always been called a famous sentence.
Since Li Tanglai, the world has loved peony: since the Tang Dynasty, people have loved peony very much. Li Tang refers to the Tang Dynasty. The emperor of the Tang Dynasty was surnamed Li, so he was called "Li Tang". The world, the average person in society. People in the Tang Dynasty loved to eat peony, and there are many records in ancient books. For example, Li Zhao's "Tang Shi Supplement" said: "The capital is expensive to travel, and the peony is respected ... Every Spring Festival Evening, horses and chariots are crazy ... for profit, a book (a plant) has tens of thousands of people (referring to money)."
Sludge and silt are piled up in the pond.
6 dyeing: pollution.
7 Zhuo (zhuó) is clear but not enchanting: washed by clear water, but it doesn't look seductive. Zhuo, clean the ripple, clear water microwave appearance, here refers to clear water. Demon, beautiful but not dignified.
8 no vines: no vines, no branches.
9 fragrance is far and clear: the farther the fragrance, the clearer it is. Benefits, more, more.
10 pavilion: the way it stands. Elegant and clean, stand straight and clean.
1 1 Play: Play nearby. Blasphemy, blasphemy, disrespect.
12 Hermit: A hermit. In feudal society, some people didn't want to go along with the rulers, so they lived in seclusion. Flowers.
13 peony is rich in flowers: peony is the "rich man" in flowers.
14 gentleman: a person with high morality and full of true spirit.
15 "(yρ): exclamation point, equivalent to" alas ".
16 chrysanthemum love: love for chrysanthemums.
17 xi m: n (xi m: n) What I heard: I seldom heard it. Fresh, less.
18: Used with Hu here, it means "of course".
translate
All kinds of flowers and trees in water and land are particularly popular. Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty only loved chrysanthemums. Since the Tang Dynasty, people all over the world like peony. I love lotus. It grows out of the mud and is not polluted, but it doesn't look enchanting after being washed with clear water. Lotus petiole is hollow in the middle, straight outside, no branches, no branches. The fragrance spreads farther and farther, and becomes more delicate. Stand up straight, you can only look at it from a distance, and you can't just play.
In my opinion, chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers; Peony is a rich person in flowers; Lotus is a gentleman among flowers. Alas! Tao Yuanming rarely heard about the love of chrysanthemum; Who else likes lotus as much as I do? There should be many people who love peony.
Make an appreciative comment
"Shuo" is one of the ancient literary styles, and it often expresses its will by describing things. Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus" is a rare masterpiece in this style.
Lotus is the object of admiration in literati's works throughout the ages, but most literati are amazed at its beautiful posture and simple appearance and shape it into a pen; However, this excellent essay has a unique way. Through the description of the image and quality of the lotus flower, it praises the faithful character of the lotus flower, and also shows the author's noble personality and generous mind.
From the content point of view, this paper can be clearly divided into two parts: the first part tries to describe the image of hibiscus noble; The second part reveals the metaphorical meaning of the lotus, comments on three flowers and expresses the author's deep sigh for the lotus itself.
In the first part of the article, I wrote that the beauty of lotus lies in its "net" character. First of all, "Out of the mud but not stained, clear but not demon" wrote the valuable spirit of lotus in the mud, but spotless, not following the secular, self-love naive and natural; Secondly, it is "straight outside and straight inside, not loose", which shows its noble quality of being connected inside and outside, straight outside and inward, consistent outside and inward, and not involved in clinging; Once again, "You can watch from a distance, don't play with it", and write that Lotus is like an arrogant gentleman, and will never be lightly played by Shu Ren.
Everything mentioned above is actually a portrayal of the author's personality, and it is also the author's self-evident mind, which can be proved from the second part of the article. As the author said, "Who gave the lotus love?" The subtext is that there are too few people like him.
In terms of writing, the two novels have a common feature, that is, they express their will by supporting things. Starting with "getting out of the mud without staining", the article depicts the bearing and style of lotus flowers with strong colors, which places the author's affirmation and pursuit of ideal personality, and also reflects the author's contempt for the secular mentality of pursuing wealth and fame and his pursuit of a clean and honest life. At the same time, the article also uses the method of comparison and contrast, and compares the beauty of lotus with chrysanthemum and peony several times in the article; It also compares the seclusion of chrysanthemum, the wealth of peony and the nobleness of lotus, so that one of the themes of "Love Lotus" can be deepened, without empty preaching, but through the comparison of three images, it plays a role in highlighting the center and deepening the artistic conception, and the technique can be described as extremely ingenious. Moreover, the word "love" runs through the whole article, which makes the article structure rigorous. At the end of the article, the author laments that there are few real hermits, few noble gentlemen and many vulgar people who are greedy for money, which is intriguing and thought-provoking.
This poem is also very distinctive in language, that is, it is beautiful and concise, and it is indeed as beautiful as a lotus-"no branches and no vines", and there is no superfluous and useless language.
Its key point is "emerge from the mud without staining, clear without demonizing", which is the central theme of the full text.
The ancients generally used things to express their feelings. The same sentence has two meanings, one is metaphor and the other is expression. Similarly, "Stained with mud but not stained, clear lotus is not demon" also has a second meaning. Metaphorically, the author himself has the noble character of "emerging from mud without staining, purifying lotus without demon". In fact, what he means is that officialdom is dark, so it is as difficult for you to maintain a noble character in officialdom as it is for a lotus to emerge from the mud without being defiled. This is also a summary of his experience as an official, because he doesn't want to go along with it. And "Zhuo Qing Lian has no demon" is just a good wish of the author. Walking by the river often, how can you not wet your shoes? Therefore, it is commendable to be able to stand alone in a hundred flowers. This is also the author's sigh, because he can't be immune to the big environment, except to escape and stay away. Or, like him, guard one of his festivals conscientiously.
Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus" begins with "the flowers of land and water vegetation are very sweet". The opening part is profound and atmospheric, which not only points out that the lotus in Ailian is also a flower of land and water, but also points out that the lotus is lovely, and it is just one of the "extraordinary" people. This laid a logical foreshadowing for his "single love lotus" below. So, the pen is extraordinary and eye-catching. Next, Zhou Dunyi did not entangle in Fan Fan, but simply narrowed down the scene. The sentence "Tao Jin loves chrysanthemums" makes this question more clear. Tao Yuanming can express his feelings by loving chrysanthemums. How can I not love Lotus alone?
The next sentence, "Since Li Tang came, everyone loves peonies", which seems to be repetitive, but actually deepens the meaning. Moreover, this sentence makes the sense of contrast stronger, and it also paves the way for him to seek the nobility of lotus. Zhou Dunyi's love for lotus flowers is different from Tao Jin Yuanming's love for chrysanthemums. In order to keep a noble and pure life, he would rather die in Nanshan. He wants to be a gentleman in the world. This mentality of staying innocent in a dirty world and seeking truth alone is essentially different from the herd mentality that everyone envies wealth (peony). This paves the way for Ailian's theory of "getting out of the mud without being stained".
The next sentence, Zhou Dunyi, goes straight to the theme, "Love lotus is not stained with mud, clear lotus is not demon, and communicates directly with the outside world, but it is not a play from a distance." Writing the language of lotus, loving lotus and expressing Yu Lian's ambition can be described in one go, which seems to be an intuitive description of lotus. In fact, every word is based on the appearance of the lotus. The exquisiteness of this pen is amazing. It can be said that the whole reader has no chance to breathe. The language is extraordinary, but the aftertaste is meaningful and long, and the more delicious it is, the more delicious it is.
At the end of the article, Zhou Dunyi first takes flowers as a metaphor, and makes the characteristics of flowers compare with people. Although dull, the metaphor is to the point, which makes people have a different taste. "To" chrysanthemum, flower hermit escape also; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. This plain sentence is followed by "Tao Jin loves chrysanthemums roundly; Since Li Tang came, people all over the world love peony. Love the lotus alone ... "It can be said that it is seamless without any trace. More importantly, the metaphor of flowers vividly describes Tao Yuanming's isolation and pursuit of a prosperous life, without a word of direct accusation.
Through this comparison, Zhou Dunyi compared himself to a gentleman. It is better to avoid the world than to be a gentleman. From this perspective, Zhou Dunyi is somewhat narcissistic. However, Zhou Dunyi also had some self-knowledge, and then he sighed deeply, "The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is unknown after pottery;" Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages. "Yes, the world of mortals is rolling, and how many people can avoid the world for a reason? There was Tao Yuanming in Jin, but I haven't heard of anyone who can do it now. Or, like me, how many people in the world can stay together in a pure and gentlemanly manner like me? Most people just follow the crowd in the world of mortals. It can be seen from this that Zhou Dunyi is arrogant, and his mentality of seeking purity without conformity is commendable in the secular world. He lamented that it was because the world was getting worse and worse, and most people were defiled by it.
This article appeals to all tastes, is concise and catchy, and is a rare fine short story in ancient Chinese. Moreover, it has a double interpretation, heavy content and far-reaching artistic conception. In addition, its writing is similar to that of the vernacular, which is easy to read and understand, so it has become a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation. When enjoying this article, if you can be moved by the chronicle in the article, this is the best income from reading this article.
Edit the beautiful nickname of Lotus in this paragraph.
(1) Lotus: Erya: Lotus, Lotus, alias Lotus.
(2) Lotus: Erya Cao Shi: Lotus and Lotus. ..... its flowers are actually lotus, and its roots are lotus. "
(3) Lotus: Tang Zhangji's poem "Send my brother to Suzhou" says: "jathyapple citrus reticulata, autumn wind Bai Lianhua."
(4) Water hibiscus: "Qunfangpu": "Lotus is also called lotus and water hibiscus."
(5) Grass hibiscus: Du Fu's poem notes that those born on land are called Muhibiscus, and those born in water are called grass hibiscus. "
(6) Splash: Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica: "Lotus, lotus, water blooms."
(7) Netizens are also called Internet users. Lotus is clean and spotless, so people call it a netizen.
(8) Shuizhi: The "vegetation" in Pu Cuibao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times: "Furong is a Iowa, a Shui Mu, a Shuizhi and a Huashui."
(9) Zezhi: "Clustering" Guo Pu's "Eryatuzan Furong Zan" cloud: "Fu Yung Lai grass, a Zezhi, ..."
(10): Wu's Preface to Furong: "There are hibiscus, which are planted in Nakagawa."
(1 1) Yuhuan: The Classic of Materia Medica contains: "Lotus is also called it."
(12) Gentleman's Flower: Zhou Dunyi wrote "Love Lotus" in the Northern Song Dynasty, saying that lotus is a gentleman among flowers, and lotus is also called "Gentleman's Flower".
(13) Shuigong Fairy: It is named because the lotus is in the water and the lotus stands gracefully on the water like a fairy floating.
(14) Han Han: Er Ya: "Lotus, Lotus ... Great."
According to legend, Sakyamuni was originally a bodhisattva in the sky, and was born by King Kapilawa. Mrs. Moyev, the princess of Sudoku King, is as beautiful as a fairy, gentle and virtuous, and deep with the king of the sea. Mrs. Moyev recalled her wedding night, and she vaguely saw a man riding a white elephant coming towards her in the distance, getting smaller and smaller, and getting into her stomach from her right rib. She had a vague premonition that the Bodhisattva had turned into a white elephant and was born. In the future, Mrs. Moyev's pregnant face is slightly red. Colorful green neckline lace is like a lotus leaf, and her face is like a blooming lotus flower. Later, Mrs. Moyoev gave birth to Buddha under the Miluo tree. Hundreds of birds sang in groups, and flowers and trees were in full bloom all the year round, especially when lotus flowers the size of a car cover suddenly blossomed in the swamp. As soon as the Buddha was born, he stood on the lotus, pointing to the sky and the ground, and said, "Heaven and the world are nothing more."
Not only that, lotus is also closely related to Buddhist medicine. Lotus is rich in nutrition, both edible and medicinal. In ancient times, women often dressed up with dewy lotus flowers in the morning, or took lotus flowers to keep beautiful. Lotus contains phlogiston and luteolin, which can moisturize skin color. Fresh and tender lotus flowers are brewed with boiling water, and their juice is green and fragrant, which has the effects of clearing away heat, promoting fluid production and appetizing. The underground rhizome of lotus is called lotus root. According to legend, Sharifutsu, one of the top ten disciples of Sakyamuni, suffered from tuberculosis. Mu Yulian came to visit him and learned that Sha Rifu likes to eat lotus roots, so he brought some fresh lotus roots for Sha Rifu to eat. Sharifutsu really recovered after eating lotus root. Later, Buddhist disciples often used lotus root as medicine to treat diseases and found that lotus root had many medicinal values.
Edit the beautiful quality of lotus in this paragraph.
There is a poem in Li Sao, the masterpiece of Qu Yuan, the first poet in the ages: "Make lotus flowers as clothes, and pick hibiscus as clothes." In order to express his determination not to do as the Romans do, poets should wear clothes with rich fragrance made of lotus flowers. Here, the image of lotus not only symbolizes the poet's noble quality and graceful accomplishment, but also shows the poet's strong passion and fantastic imagination and the romantic characteristics of the immortal masterpiece Li Sao.
"Jiangnan can pick lotus, lotus leaf Tian Tian. Fish are frolicking among the lotus leaves. Fish plays lotus leaf east, fish plays lotus leaf west, fish plays lotus leaf south and fish plays lotus leaf north. " This is a very fresh and beautiful poem in Yuefu folk songs in Han Dynasty. In this poem, "lotus" refers to both the real Hualien and the sympathetic homophonic word "pity". The love between men and women is vividly compared with a fish hitting a lotus leaf. With the beautiful water town in the south of the Yangtze River as the background, the hero and heroine who picked lotus rocked the boat and sang pure and beautiful love freely. What a fresh picture!
Zhou Dunyi (10 17— 1073)
China was a thinker and philosopher in Song Dynasty. Originally named Dunshi. Mao Shu, whose real name is Lianxi, is from Yingdao County, Daozhou (now Daoxian County, Hunan Province). Zheng Xiang, a bachelor of Longtuge, was the master of Ren Fen Ning (Xiushui), transferred Nan 'an Army Manager to join the army, moved to Guiyang and Nanchang, and was sentenced by Hezhou Judge and Ganzhou. When Ning first learned about Chenzhou, he was transferred to Guangdong as a judge and was sentenced to prison. Wherever I go, I have made great achievements. "In Hezhou County for four years, the people are convinced that the official has no husband's hand and dares not be the master." In his later years, he learned about Nankang Army, where he ruled today's Xing Zi County. I have been to Lushan Mountain and was attracted by its scenery. In his own poem, I said, "I have loved Lushan Mountain for a long time, and I bought Tian Shanyin." Because the house is built under the Lotus Peak of Lushan Mountain, there is a stream in front of it, which joins the Ganjiang River. Named after the former residence of Lianxi Yingdao, he later settled here and moved the tomb of his mother Zheng, who was originally in his hometown, to Sanqi Mountain, Qingquanshe, Lushan Mountain. Dunyi died and was buried next to his mother's grave. The descendants live in Jiangzhou, and the descendants are Mianyan.
Zhou Dunyi is the founder of China's Neo-Confucianism, and his Neo-Confucianism plays a connecting role in the history of China's philosophy. Huang Zongxi, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, said in the case of Confucianism in the Song Dynasty: "Since Confucius, Chinese Confucianism has only learned to pass on the classics, and it has been a long time since then. The rise of Cheng Cheng's successor Yuan Gong ... If we discuss the subtleties of mind, nature and justice, we will break the darkness of several Yuan Gong. " He inherited the Book of Changes and some thoughts of Taoism, and put forward a simple and systematic theory of the composition of the universe, saying that "Tai Chi is infinite" and "Tai Chi" moves without moving, resulting in everything of yin and yang. "Everything is born with endless changes, but people have to show their beauty, which is the most spiritual ("Tai Chi Map ")." The sage also imitated "Tai Chi" to establish "human pole". "The extreme of human beings" means "sincerity", which is "the wood of the five permanent members, the source of all kinds of actions, and the highest state of morality". Only through the main static, no desire, can we achieve this state. In the following 700 years, it had a wide academic influence, and his philosophical categories, such as infinity, Tai Chi, Yin and Yang, five elements, sports, life, good and evil, became the research topics of later Neo-Confucianism.
Zhou Dunyi was not respected before his death and his academic status was not high. People only know that he is "outstanding in political affairs" and "outstanding in official career", especially "aiming at the mountains", with a free and easy mind and a fairy wind. However, no one knows his Neo-Confucianism. Only Cheng Taizhong, a judge in Nan 'an, knew that his Neo-Confucianism attainments were profound and sent his two sons, Cheng Hao and Huang Cheng, to his door. The latter two are famous neo-Confucianists. Hu Hong, a scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, highly praised the study of Dunyi, while Zhu, a master of Neo-Confucianism, highly praised him, stood up for him and commented on Taiji Shuo and Yi Tong. Zhang (Mu) called him "the Taoist priest" and his reputation grew. Jiujiang, Daozhou and Nan 'an built Lianxi Temple in memory of him, and Ning Zongci was posthumous title's Yuan, so Dunyi was also called "". In the period of Li Zong, Zhou Dunyi's position as the founder of Neo-Confucianism was confirmed by worshipping Confucius Temple.
Zhou Dunyi's temperament is simple. He said, "Taro dishes can die for many years. Silk cloth is food and clothing, warm and rich, and Corning is priceless. I am willing to cover it, and I am humble and sincere." He believed in the ancient faith since he was a child, and "honed himself with honor." He has never been greedy for money in his life and loves to talk about fame and fortune. He believes that "a gentleman values Tao, and he is safe and rich". Although he is an official in various places, his salary is very small. Even so, when he came to Jiujiang, he gave his savings to the clan in his hometown.
Zhou Dunyi loves elegant, dignified, beautiful and clean lotus flowers. After learning the news of Nankang Army, he dug a pond to grow lotus flowers on the east side of the mansion. This pond is called Ailian Pool, which is more than ten feet wide. There is a stone platform in the middle, a hexagonal pavilion on the platform and a zigzag bridge on both sides. He often strolls in Chi Pan in midsummer, admiring the lotus floating in the wind and reciting the lotus of love. Since then, Lianchi has been well known.
The Yanshui Pavilion in Jiujiang was originally built by Zhou Dunyi. Because the pavilion is in the middle of the lake and looks like the moon, it is named "Moon Immersion Pavilion". Later, he continued to advocate waste, taking the artistic conception of "thin cage smoke on the top of the mountain" and renamed it "Yanshui Pavilion". In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, inspector Cui Lunqi restored the Yu Yan Pavilion and established the Five Sages Pavilion, and Zhou Dunyi was named one of the Five Sages. There are Lianxi Road and Lianxi Neighborhood Committee in Jiujiang City.
Zhou Dunyi is the author of Zhou Ziquan's book. Lianxi Academy is his lecture platform, and his theory has a great influence on the development of Neo-Confucianism in the future.
Zhou Dunyi is an advocate of systematic discussion on the origin of the world as a philosophical issue.
Edit the writing background of this paragraph.
In the fourth year of Song Xining (A.D. 107 1), Zhou Dunyi, a famous neo-Confucian, came to Xing Zi with Nankang Army. Zhou Dunyi was honest and indifferent, and loved Lian all his life.
After Zhou Dunyi came to Xing Zi, he dug a pond on the east side of Junya and planted all the lotus flowers. When Zhou Dunyi came to Yukiko, he was old (55 years old) and sickly, so whenever he was alone after dinner, he invited friends from the three or five aides to enjoy flowers and tea in Chi Pan and wrote a well-known essay "Love Lotus". Although The Story of Ailian is short, it has been told by people all the time.
A year later, Zhou Dunyi resigned due to old age and infirmity, and settled in a church at the northwest foot of Lushan Mountain to give lectures. He left behind the lotus pond and the article "Love Lotus", which has always been cherished by future generations. In the sixth year of Xichun (AD 1 179), Zhu was transferred to Nankang Zhijun. With admiration for Zhou Dunyi, he rebuilt the lotus pond and established the Lotus Hall. He got the ink of Zhou Dunyi's "Ailian Shuo" from Zhi Qing Zhou, Zhou's great grandson, and asked someone to carve it on a stone and by the pool. Zhu wrote a poem: it is unusual to hear the roots move to a jade well and flowers bloom for ten miles; The bright moon is high and cold, and no one sees it, only for the husband to grow up. Appreciation of "The Theory of Ailian" focuses on "getting rid of the mud without dyeing, and clearing the lotus without evil", which is the central theme of the full text. The ancients generally used things to express their feelings. The same sentence has two meanings, one is metaphor and the other is expression. Similarly, there is a second meaning to express your feelings, that is, "get out of the mud without being stained;" Lotus, not demon. " Metaphorically, the author himself has the noble character of "emerging from mud without dyeing, purifying lotus without demon". In fact, what he means is that officialdom is dark, so it is as difficult for you to maintain a noble character in officialdom as it is for a lotus to emerge from the mud without being defiled.
Zhou Dunyi (10 17 ~ 1073) is the founder of China's Neo-Confucianism, and his Neo-Confucianism thought plays a connecting role in the history of China's philosophy. Zhou Dunyi loved reading since childhood and was quite famous in his hometown. People say that he is "ambitious, knowledgeable, practical and has the demeanor of the ancients." His knowledge and tolerance also moved many people to follow him, the most famous of which were two brothers, Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao, who later became famous Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty.
In 1072, Zhou Dunyi came to Jiangxi and founded Lianxi Academy. From then on, I began to give lectures and educate people. He named the stream in front of the academy "Lianxi" and called himself "Mr. Lianxi". Because I love lotus all my life, I built a lotus hall in the academy, and carved a pool in front of the hall, named "Lotus Pool", and pinned my lifelong ambition on the noble lotus. After giving lectures and studying, Mr. Wang often walks in front of the main hall to admire the lotus. Later, he wrote a poem "Love Lotus", whose famous sentence "Out of the mud but not stained, clear but not demon, straight but not creeping, fragrant far and clear, graceful and pure, far but not ridiculous" became a swan song, and it is still widely circulated today.
Edit this paragraph, sir
1. Ideal personality-gentleman
"Benevolence" is the highest realm of Confucian ethics, but, as far as personal cultivation is concerned, "gentleman" is its ideal personality model. Zeng Shen emphasized that "a gentleman makes friends with his words and helps others with his friends" (The Analects of Confucius, Yan Yuan). Try to establish a gentleman to help realize the cultivation of benevolence or put the high standard of benevolence into concrete practice-gentleman's personality. ?
Confucius once said: "A gentleman has Jiu Si: he can see clearly, listen attentively, look gently, look respectfully, speak faithfully, think respectfully, ask questions in doubt, think hard, and see what he thinks." ("The Analects of Confucius Ji's") is relatively extensive, but it only tells the truth in all aspects of words and deeds. Zeng Shen entered more specific requirements. He said: "gentlemen have three expenses, and diet is not one of them." A gentleman has three pleasures, and Zhong Qing is not one of them ... It is a pleasure to have an awesome relative, a gentleman who works and a son who is left behind. Having relatives to be afraid, a king to go and a son to be angry are two kinds of pleasures; There are gentlemen to compare with, and friends to help. These three pleasures are also ... It is also a cost to learn less and forget long. If you do something meritorious, you will lose it, and if you do, you will lose both. Keep friends for a long time, and you will never get them. These three expenses are also incurred. . "In addition, Ceng Zi Shili has many strict requirements for gentlemen, such as:" All gentlemen are happy to enjoy the happiness of others, and are courteous to others. Those who come unprepared and those who leave unintentionally. The deceased does not slander and is innocent, which can be described as loyalty. A gentleman is respectful but not difficult, comfortable but not comfortable, humble but not flattering, generous but not vertical, generous but not frugal, straight but not going, which can be described as the unity of knowledge and action. "He also said:" When a gentleman enters a country, he is not shy, not forbidden, not obedient to Chinese clothes, and not afraid of risks. So he said: "It is better to be frugal than to be extravagant; It's better than embarrassment. "
Obviously, the definition of a gentleman is much more specific and strict than "Jiu Si", although it is not beyond the scope of "Jiu Si". In the whole history of China's ideology and culture, this style of mentoring inheritance is very representative. Because the Zeng Shen school is too strict with the "gentleman", it sometimes reveals some Taoist flavor. The article "Ceng Zi Shili" also said: "A gentleman is never too small, nor is he too small. If people know, they will be willing. If others don't know, they will know. A gentleman should keep it for life. " "A gentleman sees profit and is ashamed, evil and ashamed, lewd and ashamed, angry and bitter. The gentleman will keep this battle for life. " Although this cautious attitude towards life is basically within the scope of Confucianism, it is obvious that the logic of Taoism is used to demand gentlemen, and its tendency of passive avoidance is obvious. This tendency may have been avoided by Zeng Shen at the beginning, but the development of ideas, like many others, can be involved, and it will be difficult to grasp its own deformation after a certain degree. Zeng Shen's requirements for gentleman's cultivation.
2. The concept of modern people
What is a gentleman?
Also want to borrow the metaphor of the ancients:
Confucius called him a "villain" when he swore, and there is a famous saying that "a gentleman is righteous and a villain benefits." The oldest gentleman
Meaning, mainly refers to educated people with good moral character, while ordinary people have no opportunity to receive education, so they are also with uneducated people.
People with high moral character are also called "villains" ...
What is a gentleman?
To borrow a friend's words:
At dinner, talking about "what is a good man", I asked my friend, do you think you are a good man?
He thought for a moment and said, "I don't know what the definition of a good man is, but I am a man of my word and can be called a' gentleman', because the definition of a gentleman is that he has a sense of responsibility and doesn't promise easily, but he can definitely keep his word." Of course, he will say whatever he says and judge the crux of the matter. In modern society, it is difficult to be responsible for various interpersonal relationships and roles. "
I also thought about it and replied: "In fact, not only men who are trustworthy, but also men who wait on time, don't stand in line easily, and don't act arbitrarily easily, such as' drunken crimes', can also be included as gentlemen and good men!"
In fact, we girls are shouting every day that we should find a good man, have the bearing of a gentleman and have the demeanor of a general. In fact, our requirements are not very high. Unfortunately, it may be difficult for men. Because people who bear the name of a gentleman must be very considerate of the feelings of people around them and take care of their families. Unfortunately, for gentlemen, the details of life they are used to are definitely a burden that they have never really been free and easy.
The benefits of a gentleman
It is popular to say that men are not bad and women don't love them.
Some men like to pretend to be "gentlemen", obedient to the woman they like, and make themselves fall into the gentle trap and make a 180-degree change.
Women are naturally curious animals, so they will feel puzzled, pursue, incredible, love and hate!
In fact, a careful and keen observation of a man depends not on pure superficial gentlemanly demeanor, but on knowing more about his living conditions, treating people with things and whether everyone is equal. Don't believe that the world only loves you and only pleases you. As long as he is kind to you, he will not consider anything.
The faults of a gentleman:
If you really fall in love with a gentleman, I advise you to be prepared to accompany him under pressure, because he will have many friends, a lot of entertainment and even take part in accidental amusement.
At this time, sensitive women will have a very sour taste, secretly admit bad luck, so many men in the world, why choose a gentleman and let themselves pay for him silently?
But I believe that the human heart is made of meat, and a gentleman should know how to be grateful and be full of expectations and beautiful fantasies. Because they are the most perfect in their own world, they have been expecting the perfect you to appear beside him and grow old together.
Gentleman = persistence
Because a gentleman treats things and things with dignity, it is a kind of consciousness that drives him to persist, which we can define as "persistence"
Persistent people will treat life emotionally and always pursue perfection. Because the reputation of a gentleman is gorgeous and glamorous, I sincerely wish such people can stand out, find their own goals in life and find a world of their own!