Geography midterm review outline:

Chapter I Territory and population of China.

The territory of China

People's Republic of China (PRC) is located in the east of Asia and the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. ? Including land and sea.

① Vast territory ② Land borders ③ There are 14 land neighbors.

Neighboring countries: Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, India, North Korea, Nepal, Tajikistan, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Pakistan, Afghanistan.

① Vast sea area ② Long coastline ③ Six countries face each other across the sea.

Across the sea: Korea, Japan, Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia.

Northernmost: Mohe 54° N；; ; Eastmost: the intersection of Heilongjiang and Wusuli River135 E. Southmost point: Zengmu shoal 4 N. West: Pamirs 73 e.

The total land area is about 9.6 million square kilometers, which is almost equivalent to the whole area of Europe. It ranks third among countries in the world and is a country with a large area in the world.

China is an important maritime power in the world, with a coastline of over18,000 kilometers, which is one of the longest countries in the world. There are more than 6,500 islands with a sea area of over 500 square meters in China. The width of China's territorial sea is 22.22km (12 nautical mile). The sea area under the jurisdiction of China is about 3 million square kilometers.

There are many neighboring countries: China has a long land border, reaching 20,000 square kilometers, and there are 14 neighboring countries (Mandarin): eastern Korea, northern Mongolia, northeastern and northwestern Russia; Hajita Aba in the west; Danny in southwestern India; There are Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam in the south. There are six countries across the sea: Indonesia, Malaysia, Wen Fei, Japan and South Korea.

1.2 chinese administrative division

Historical administrative divisions: current administrative divisions: China's current administrative divisions are basically divided into three levels: provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), counties (autonomous counties and county-level cities) and towns (townships). There are 34 provincial administrative units in China, including 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities directly under the Central Government and 2 special administrative regions, namely Hongkong and Macau. Taiwan Province Province is an inalienable and sacred territory of our country.

Names, abbreviations and administrative center textbooks of 34 provincial administrative units: Page 8 of the first volume of Grade 8.

2.3 Population of China

The first in the world: the fifth census: the total population of China is 6543.8+295 million. The current population is 654.38+0.3 billion.

Rapid growth: uneven distribution: Tengchong Mohe, China population density.

Characteristics of multi-group and minority groups

The eastern region has a large population;

Coastal, river and lake areas have a large population;

The plains and basins have a large population;

Areas with developed economy and transportation have a large population;

Areas with dense towns and developed industries have a large population;

The Han area has a large population. The western region has a small population;

The arid desert area has a small population;

The population in mountainous areas and plateaus is small;

Remote farming and pastoral areas have a small population;

Most ethnic minority areas have a small population.

China's population policy: it is a long-term basic national policy to implement family planning, control population and improve population quality.

1.4 population of China:

56 Ethnic Groups: China is a unified multi-ethnic family with 56 ethnic groups including Han, Zhuang, Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, Uygur and Miao. The Han nationality has a large population, which is close to 92% of the total population in China. Other ethnic groups account for only 8% of the population and are called ethnic minorities.

Large mixed communities and small settlements: Han nationality is the most widely distributed, mainly concentrated in the east and middle. Ethnic minorities are mainly distributed in the southwest, northwest and northeast. There are ethnic minorities living in Han areas, and there are also Han people living in ethnic minority areas.

Ethnic customs: Mongolian Nadam Congress; Yunnan Dai Water-splashing Festival; Dragon Boat Festival in China.

Chapter II Natural Environment of China

2. 1 Topography of China

The terrain is high in the west and low in the east: it is three steps. The mountains are staggered; Mountain situation:

East-west trend: Tianshan, Yinshan, Kunlun, Qinling and Nanling; North-south trend: Helan Mountain, Liupan Mountain and Hengduan Mountain. Northeast and Southwest: Daxinganling, Taihang Mountain, Wushan Mountain, Xuefeng Mountain, Changbai Mountain, Wuyishan Mountain, Taiwan Province Mountain and Yushan Mountain. Northwest and southeast strike: Altai Mountain and Qilian Mountain; Arc strike: Himalayas.

Five Mountains in China: Mount Tai and Dongyue; Xiyue Huashan; Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue; Mount Hengshan in Beiyue; Zhongyueshan

The terrain is complex and diverse: China's terrain is high in the west and low in the east, showing a stepped distribution. The criss-crossing mountains and complex and diverse terrain provide us with rich and colorful natural landscapes, and the production activities and lifestyles in different parts of the motherland are different. Four plateaus: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: the highest plateau in the world, known as the "roof of the world". The mountains are covered with snow all year round, and glaciers crisscross. Inner Mongolia Plateau: The plateau is flat and open, and there are many deserts, Gobi and fertile grasslands in the east and middle of the northwest. Loess Plateau: Loess is the most widely distributed area in the world.

Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau: Most of the plateau is rugged and limestone is widely distributed.

Great basin: Tarim Basin: the largest inland basin in China. Among them is the Taklimakan Desert, the largest desert in China. Junggar Basin: China's second great basin. Qaidam Basin: Known as the "cornucopia".

Sichuan Basin: It is called "Purple Basin". The famous Chengdu Plain is located in the west of the basin, with developed agriculture and rich products, and is known as the "land of abundance".

Three plains: Northeast Plain: Black soil covers a vast area. North China Plain: The terrain is low and flat, and the ground slope is very small.

The plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: China's famous "land of plenty".

2.2 Climate in China

The climate is complex and diverse: the climate is complex and diverse: in winter, the temperature difference between north and south is large, the south is warm, and the farther north, the lower the temperature. In summer, the temperature in the north and south is generally high. The climate types in China are divided into temperate monsoon climate, subtropical monsoon climate, tropical monsoon climate, temperate continental climate and plateau alpine climate.

Remarkable monsoon climate: Although there are various types of climate in China, the monsoon climate is remarkable, with the widest monsoon climate area.

The influence of monsoon is the main reason for the uneven distribution of precipitation in time and space. Mainland characteristics.

Many special weather: mainly cold wave, plum rain, typhoon, sandstorm and so on. Many droughts and floods. Flood is a natural disaster with frequent occurrence and serious losses in China. Drought is a kind of climate disaster which has the greatest influence, the most common and the widest distribution on agricultural production in China.

2.3 Rivers in China

The outflow area is the main area: the basin refers to the area where rivers or water systems are concentrated. Water system refers to the water flow system composed of all rivers, lakes, swamps and underground rivers in the basin. Rivers where surface and underground runoff finally flow into the ocean are called outflow rivers. The distribution area of outflow river becomes outflow area. Rivers that eventually do not flow into the ocean, that is, rivers that flow into inland lakes or disappear into the desert, are called inland rivers. The area where inland rivers are distributed is called the internal flow area.

The hydrological characteristics of the outflow rivers in China are deeply influenced by the monsoon climate. With the Qinling Mountains? The Huaihe River is the boundary, and the rivers in the south area flow through the humid area, which is rich in water. Northern rivers flow through semi-humid or semi-arid areas.

Compared with the outflow river, the hydrological characteristics of inland rivers in China are obviously different. The largest freshwater lake in China is Poyang Lake. Rolling Yangtze River: The Yangtze River originates in Tanggula, its main stream flows through Qinghai-Tibet and other provinces 1 1 and finally flows into the East China Sea, with a total length of 6,300 kilometers, making it the longest river in China and the third longest river in the world. Upstream: source Yichang; Middle reaches: Hukou, Yichang, Jiangxi; Downstream: estuary of Jiangxi Lake. The middle reaches are called "nine-curved ileum".

Yellow River: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China and one of the world famous rivers. Originated in Bayan Kara, it flows into 9 provinces and regions such as Qinghai and Sichuan, and flows into Bohai Sea, with a total length of 5,464 kilometers.

Chapter III Natural Resources in China

3. 1 Overview of natural resources

What are natural resources? Natural resources are substances and energy that exist in nature and can provide welfare for human beings.

It mainly includes climate resources, water resources, land resources, biological resources, mineral resources and marine resources.

Characteristics of natural resources: The concept of natural resources is not immutable. In nature, the amount of natural resources is huge, but it is limited. The quality of natural resources varies from region to region. China's natural resources are second only to the United States and Russia. Restricted by some reasons, the distribution of natural resources has certain regularity, but its regional distribution is generally uniform. The situation of natural resources is constantly changing.

3.2 Land Resources in China * World Land Day on June 25th * Land is the stage for human life and production activities.

"More people and less land" is the basic national condition of our country. Complete types: China's land resources are complete, forming a variety of land types such as cultivated land, woodland and grassland, which is conducive to adapting to local conditions. China's vast grassland area ranks among the top in the world, which provides better resource conditions for the development of animal husbandry. China is a Shaolin country. The cultivated land area in China is less than 1 100 million hectares. Land types in China: cultivated land, desert, woodland, grassland, Gobi, alpine desert and rocky mountain. The regional differences are obvious: the spatial distribution of land resources in China is unbalanced, and the regional differences of land productivity are obvious. The natural forests in China are mainly distributed in the mountainous areas of northeast, southwest and southeast, mostly artificial forests and secondary forests. The grasslands in China are mainly distributed in eastern Inner Mongolia and the eastern and southern parts of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The quality of land resources in different regions of China varies greatly. There is plenty of sunshine and heat in the northwest inland, but it is dry and rainy, and the water is insufficient, mainly grasslands and deserts. Cherish every inch of land:

3.3 Water Resources in China * * * World Water Day on March 22nd * * *

Disparity in regional distribution: the total amount of water resources in China is quite large, but the per capita possession is very low, which is about 1/4 of the world's per capita water. Uneven time distribution: the time distribution of water resources in China is characterized by more summer and autumn, less winter and spring, and the actual change is great. Rational use of every drop of water: due to the uneven distribution of water resources in China, we must see the inter-basin water transfer project to make rational use of water resources. * * * Diversion from Yellow River to Qinghai * * * South-to-North Water Transfer Project * * *

3.4 China's marine resources

Diversity of biological resources: China is rich in marine biological resources, with more than 20,000 species, including more than 3,000 species of fish and more than 70 species of main economic fish. Pseudosciaena crocea, Pseudosciaena crocea, hairtail and squid are the four famous seafood in China.

Rich mineral resources: China's coastal continental shelf is rich in oil and natural gas. China coastal placer reserves are very rich. Huge chemical resources: China's marine production is developing rapidly. Protecting the "blue land": China has made great achievements in the development and utilization of marine resources, but it also faces some serious problems.

Chapter IV Regional Differences in China

4. 1 Qinling Huaihe line

Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains: The Qinling Mountains span the central part of China, stretching for 500 kilometers from east to west, with a width of 100- 150 kilometers from north to south and an altitude of 1500-2500 meters. The Huaihe River originates from Tongbai Mountain, flows eastward through Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and other provinces into Hongze Lake, and then flows into the Yangtze River through Gaoyou Hunan.

Geographical significance of Huaihe River Line in Qinling Mountains: In the process of learning geography, geographical areas and geographical boundaries are very important. Geographical regions reflect the geographical similarity within regions, and geographical boundaries reflect the differences between regions.

Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River are important geographical boundaries in eastern China. On its north and south sides, there are significant differences in natural environment, geographical landscape and residents' production and living habits.

The first volume of the eighth grade, page 77, Qinling Mountains? Qinling mountains north of Huaihe line? South of Huaihe River

Four geographical regions: northern region, southern region, Qinghai-Tibet region and northwest region. The dividing line between north and south is Qinling and Huaihe River. The dividing line between the north and the northwest is the annual precipitation line of 400 mm. The boundary between Qinghai-Tibet and Northwest China is the boundary of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The boundary between the Qinghai-Tibet region and the southern region is the boundary of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

4.2 Northern and Southern Regions

Northern area: Overview: The northern area refers to the area north of the Huaihe River in the Qinling Mountains in northeast China, accounting for about 20% of the country's total area and 40% of the country's population. Northeast Plain, North China Plain and Wei Fen Plain are important agricultural areas in China. Culture: The northern region has a long history and culture, many scenic spots and historical sites, and rich cultural tourism resources.

Crops: spring wheat, corn, sorghum, soybean, potato, beet, etc. Temperate fruits: apples, pears, apricots, persimmons, dates, grapes, etc. Minerals: coal, iron, oil, etc.

Southern region: refers to the region south of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains and east of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, including the plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The southern coastal area and the southwest area are three unusual areas. The area accounts for about 1/4 of the whole country, and the population accounts for about 55% of the whole country. There are more than 30 ethnic minorities in the west of this area, and Yunnan Province is the province with the largest number of ethnic minorities in China. Topography: The terrain in this area is high in the west and low in the east, with plains, basins, plateaus and hills interlaced. There are many rivers and lakes in the plain area, and the water network is vertical and horizontal, which has typical characteristics of southern water towns. Crops: rice, pigs, oranges, tea, silkworms, sugar cane, aquatic products and tropical crops. Minerals: copper mine, tungsten mine, mercury mine, tin mine, antimony mine, lead-zinc mine.

4.3 Qinghai-Tibet and Northwest China

Qinghai-Tibet Region: Overview: Qinghai-Tibet Region mainly includes Xizang Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province and western Sichuan Province, accounting for about 25% of the country's total area, and its population only accounts for about 1% of the country's total. The main body of the Qinghai-Tibet region is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is called the "roof of the world". Crops: highland barley, peas, wheat, rape. Religion: Tibetan Buddhism. Terrain: Mountains crisscross, glaciers are widely distributed, and transportation is very difficult. Highway: Sichuan-Tibet, Qinghai-Tibet, Xinjiang-Tibet, Yunnan-Tibet and China-Nepal.

Northwest China: Located on the Great Wall? Qilian Mountain? Altun Mountain? To the north of the Kunlun Line, the area accounts for about 30% of the whole country, and the population accounts for about 4% of the whole country. Ethnic minorities: Mongolian, Hui, Uygur, Kazak, etc. Crops in pastoral areas: meat, milk, skin, wool, etc. Mineral resources: rare earth ore, nickel ore, coal, oil and lignite.

4.5 Supplementary summary

region

upstate

Southern region

Tibetan-inhabited area

northwest area

Topographic elements

Plateau and plain are the main areas.

Basins, plains, plateaus and hills

Highest elevation

Plateau and basin

Climatic characteristics

Summer: It's hot and rainy.

Winter: cold and dry.

Adequate water and heat

There is plenty of sunshine and the temperature is low.

Dry and sunny

trunk stream

Yellow River, Heilongjiang, Yangtze River, Pearl River, Yangtze River, the source of the Yellow River, Tarim River

Major minerals

Coal, iron, oil

nonferrous metal

Potassium salt, petroleum

Coal, petroleum

Main crops

wheat

Rice and beets

Bare barley

beet

Nanjing Senior Two 1-3 Unit Political Review Outline;

Filial piety is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation.

1, meaning of family: P5

2. Family types: nuclear family, main family, single-parent family and joint family.

3. Establishment of family relationships: marriage, childbirth, adoption and remarriage.

4. How do you understand the affection with your parents? P6

Step 5 honor your parents

(1) Filial piety is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation;

(2) Filial piety is a moral and legal requirement, and it is our unshirkable responsibility.

(3) Filial piety means that children respect, serve and support their parents. The most important thing is to respect and love your parents.

(3) How should we honor our parents? P 16

6. Several important understandings:

(1) What should we do if our parents do something immoral or illegal? P 17

(2) How should we treat our parents' elders? Why? P 17

Lesson 2 I make friends with my parents.

1. What are the reasons for our contradiction with our parents during adolescence?

(1) When we enter adolescence, we have our own thoughts, eager for independence, eager for attention, and even challenge the authority of our parents;

(2) Parents still treat us as children, worrying, nagging and blaming, which leads to contradictions.

2. How to correctly understand the contradiction between us and our parents? P2 1

3. Generation gap and rebellious psychology

(1) The age gap between us and our parents is the direct cause of the generation gap, and the essence of the generation gap is the multiple intergenerational differences reflected behind the age gap.

(1) The main manifestation of rebellious psychology: P2 1.

(2) How to correctly understand our rebellious psychology? P2 1

4. How do we correctly treat the generation gap and contradiction with our parents?

(1) Walk into parents, be close to parents, strive to cross the generation gap and walk hand in hand with parents;

(2) Learn to communicate with parents. Through consultation, clarify differences and find a mutually acceptable solution. Through communication, we can get parents' understanding and even change their views.

(3) Grasp the essentials of communication with parents: mutual understanding is the premise, and respect and understanding are the key. The effective way to understand parents is empathy, and the result of communication is to seek common ground while reserving differences.

5, the art of communication with parents:

(1) Appreciate parents and have no troubles in communication;

(2) Listen carefully when communicating to avoid misunderstanding;

(3) Help parents communicate without barriers;

(4) In family communication, you don't have to care too much about your parents. Even if your parents are wrong, you should forgive them. You can't compete to win or lose.

Unit 2 Teachers and friends walk together

Lesson 3 Companions Go Hand in Hand

1, the meaning of interpersonal communication:

Only by actively interacting with students can the tree of friendship be evergreen and self-open, our personality will be more cheerful and our life will be more exciting.

2. The qualities that a popular person should possess: sincerity, kindness, responsibility, enthusiasm, friendliness, humor, etc.

3. How to know friendship?

Friends bring us warmth, support and strength, and we should cherish friendship; For friendship, we should be cautious and rational, in order to gain more friends and get real friendship.

4, the principle of making friends:

(1) Equality and reciprocity, (2) Tolerance and understanding; (2) When making friends, you can't maintain the so-called friendship at the expense of principle; (3) Be willing to make friends and make good friends.

5. The communication between adolescent boys and girls

(1) Why do you want to go with others?

(2) How do boys and girls communicate normally and healthily?

(1) to respect each other, but also respect yourself;

(2) We should not only open ourselves, but also master proper limit;

③ We should not only be enthusiastic, but also pay attention to the way, occasion, time and frequency of communication.

6, adolescent mood

(1) Cognition: After entering adolescence, it is normal, natural and beautiful for men and women to have good feelings.

(2) How to treat it?

We should be cautious about the feelings between men and women, handle them rationally, learn to choose, learn to take responsibility and learn to protect ourselves.

Lesson 4 The teacher grew up with me

1, know the teacher

(1) The importance of communication between teachers and students;

The communication between teachers and students not only affects the quality of our study, but also affects our physical and mental development. Respecting teachers is our proper moral character.

(2) Teachers are disseminators of human civilization and engineers of human soul. Even with the rapid development of information technology today, the role of teachers is still irreplaceable.

(3) The teacher teaches us the truth of being a man and relieves our troubles and worries. The teacher not only taught us knowledge, but also taught us learning methods, which stimulated our enthusiasm for learning. Teachers play an irreplaceable role in our growth.

(4) Establishing a harmonious teacher-student relationship with teachers can make you study happily and make faster progress.

2. The new concept of teacher-student communication:

The new relationship between teachers and students is based on democracy and equality. Teachers and students have equal personality, respect each other, learn from each other and learn from each other. Teachers are our study partners, guides and participants, and are our friends.

3. Active communication is the premise of communication between teachers and students. Communication leads to understanding, and understanding leads to trust.

4. Specific methods of communicating with teachers:

(1) Look at the problem from the teacher's point of view and learn to put yourself in the other's shoes;

(2) Correctly treat teachers' praise and criticism, correct them if they have, and encourage them if they don't;

(3) Forgive the teacher's mistakes and point them out in an appropriate way without hurting the teacher;

(4) be polite to the teacher;

(5) pay attention to the occasion;

(6) grasp the discretion.

Unit 3 Our friends are all over the world

Lesson 5 Multicultural "Global Village"

1, cultural differences in different countries:

KFC-Tulips in America-Eiffel Tower in Holland-France

Great Wall-China Kimono-Sydney Opera House-Australia

Bird's Nest-Pyramid of Thailand-Taj Mahal of Egypt-India

Macaroni-Italian Tango-Argentine Football-Brazil

2. How to treat the cultures of different countries and nationalities?

There is no difference between good and bad cultures of different countries and nationalities. We should communicate with people of other countries and nationalities in an equal way and respect the value of our own culture and other cultures.

3. How to treat the differences between different cultures? P60

Lesson 6 The New Time and Space of Network Communication

1. Characteristics of network communication: infinity, duality, advancement and danger.

2. Network communication between the two parties:

(1) Advantages: fast and convenient, expanding communication, broadening horizons and realizing self-worth.

(2) Negative effects: surfing the Internet for a long time affects physical and mental health, indulging in the Internet and neglecting studies, tempting fraud, violating laws and regulations, etc.

3. Psychological reasons of Internet addiction: (P7 1)

4. How to protect yourself in network communication? (page 72)

5. What rules should be followed in network communication?

(1) You can't do whatever you want online, (2) You should abide by morality in online communication, and (3) You should abide by the law in online communication.

6. How to surf the Internet in a civilized way? (Page 74~75)

7. What should we teenagers do when dealing with online communication?

As teenagers, we must set up lofty ideals, study hard, think hard, and take the internet as an advanced tool to supplement our lives. We should consciously standardize network behavior, surf the Internet in a civilized way according to law, and strive to purify the network environment, making it another space for people to live and study.

Unit 4 New Thinking of Communication Art

Lesson 7 Friendly communication comes first.

1. Politeness is the most direct embodiment of personal cultivation and the forefront of communication. Politeness in speech and behavior is the prerequisite for us to win the respect of others and one of the conditions for successful communication.

2. The importance of politeness: (page 79)

3. Civilized language, friendly attitude and dignified manners are the necessary qualities for friendly communication with people, and also the embodiment of being polite to others.

(1) Speak kindly, don't argue irrationally, and don't use harsh words to hurt people;

(2) Speak politely and don't call names;

(3) When talking with people, we should be humble and respect each other, and talk in a more consultative tone, without being overbearing or boasting.

5, social activities should pay attention to the problem:

First, the appearance is clean, second, the clothes are neat and elegant, and third, the code of conduct.

6, the importance of etiquette:

Etiquette is not only a form, but also a symbol of spiritual civilization of a person, a collective and even a country. Consciously being polite is not only related to our own image, but also directly related to the people around us, to our collective, and even to the image of our nation and country.

7. Benefits of observing etiquette requirements: (page 84)

8. How to treat traditional etiquette? How to treat the etiquette of ethnic minorities? (Pages 87 and 88)

Lesson 8 Competition and Win-Win Cooperation

1. Positive and negative effects of competition: (page 90)

2. Understanding of jealousy: jealousy is a subtle, intense and hidden negative emotion, a negative psychology of punishing oneself with others' achievements, which is very harmful to our development.

3. The basic principles that must be observed in the process of competition are morality and law.

The purpose of the competition is to surpass ourselves, develop potential, stimulate learning enthusiasm, improve work efficiency, learn from each other's strengths and make progress together.

5. Relationship between cooperation and enjoyment: cooperation is the basis of enjoyment, and enjoyment is the inevitable result of cooperation.

6. The core of cooperation is to carry forward the spirit of collectivism.

7. The core of "863 Spirit" is "the dedication of unity and cooperation"

8, the importance of cooperation:

Cooperation can unite strength, inspire thinking, broaden horizons, stimulate creativity, and cultivate compassion, altruism and dedication. A person with cooperative spirit and ability is also easy to get the support and help of others and move towards success.

9, the connotation of competition in cooperation:

On the one hand, group cooperation encourages competition among members; On the other hand, the competition among members promotes the improvement of group competitiveness.

10 how to compete in cooperation? (page 96)

1 1, a brand-new competitive concept: (P97)

12, how to face success and failure? (page 97)

13. Competition in cooperation and cooperation in competition: (P98)

14. What is the true meaning of cooperation in competition? (page 98)

15. How to handle the relationship with others in competition and cooperation? (page 98)

What is team spirit?

17, the core of team spirit is collectivism, cooperation and dedication, and individual interests are subordinate to collective interests.

Lesson 9 The heart is wider than the world of others.

Tolerance is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation and an essential moral quality of contemporary people.

1, "Harmony without difference" and seeking common ground while reserving differences are the basis of our tolerant cooperation.

2. Why do you say that you are good at tolerance and benefiting others? (P 104)

3. Tolerance is principled and can't be blind. For family, classmates and friends, don't haggle, be generous and be kind to others. Of course, we will never accommodate "bad guys" and "villains". You can't give in on matters of principle.

3. Meaning of "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you": P 105.

4. Caring for others, respecting others and understanding others are the essence of "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you".

5. Empathy, the essence of being kind to others is to put yourself in others' shoes, that is, to think what others think and understand first.

6. Empathy is a psychological experience process between people. Empathy is an indispensable psychological mechanism for understanding.

Equality is the eternal theme pursued by human beings, and respect is the cornerstone of modern civilization.

7. Understanding of equality: the equality between people is concentrated in the equality of personality and legal status. In terms of personality, everyone is a subject with independent consciousness and has the dignity of being a human being, which should not be underestimated. In terms of legal status, everyone enjoys legal rights and performs legal obligations equally.

8. What are the vulnerable groups? What can we do to help them?

Vulnerable groups are the general names of people who are at a disadvantage in society. Such as: the disabled, women, the elderly, minors.

To treat them, we must first treat them equally and respect their personal dignity; Secondly, we should try our best to help them and consciously safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

9. Respect for others requires us to be polite, equal, honest, friendly and fully understand others.

10, showing respect for society: (P 1 12)

The core of respecting nature is to protect the environment. Human beings come from nature, and their survival is inseparable from the gift of nature. Humans have the obligation to respect nature, otherwise, they will be punished by nature. Protecting the environment is a long-term basic national policy of China.

Lesson 10 Always be honest.

Honesty and trustworthiness are the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Honesty is the basic principle in dealing with people.

1, what is honesty? P 1 15

2. The meaning of "a word spoken by a gentleman is a lost cause" and "a person without trust doesn't know what he can do". (P 1 15、P 1 16)

3. Being trustworthy to people and being responsible for things are the basic requirements of honesty. It is a positive and responsible attitude to abide by credit and put it into action. "Be an honest man and do things honestly" is the code of conduct advocated by people. Doing practical things is the guarantee of a person's self-reliance and career success.

Keeping promises is the core of our honest life.

5. The relationship between honesty and trust. (P 1 19)

6. Code of Integrity

(1) Insist on seeking truth from facts;

(2) When it comes to conflicts of interest, the Code of Good Faith requires us to stand on the side of the interests of the majority;

(3) When immediate interests conflict with long-term interests, the principle of good faith requires us to stand on the side of long-term interests;

(4) In the conflict between emotion and law, the principle of good faith requires us to stand on the side of law.

7. How to deal with the relationship between honesty and respect for privacy? (P 122)

8. Honesty and lying are incompatible. Is "white lie" dishonest? Why? (P 123)

9. The core of honesty is kindness.