Eight points for hard work~

20 Watching the beautiful and brilliant clouds, you can appreciate its radiant beauty; watching the white clouds floating in the sky, you can appreciate Its scrolls are free and full of beauty; when you look at the mountains and peaks, you can appreciate its graceful and upright spirit; when you look at the boundless sea, you can understand its broad mind. You can experience the beauty in these heavens, earth, mountains and rivers. The scenery is full of good articles. Facing the green bamboo, you can taste its humility and restraint; facing the fragrant chrysanthemum, you can taste its noble character; facing the green pines and cypresses, you can taste its proud and unyielding character; facing the orchid and vanilla, You can taste the intoxicating aroma. It can be seen from here that there are places for us to learn from and learn from everywhere during the tour.

21 The King of Wu was about to attack Chu and warned his ministers: "If anyone dares to remonstrate, he will be killed!" There was a young palace attendant who wanted to remonstrate but did not dare to do so. Slingshot went to the back garden, and the dew soaked his clothes. Three mornings passed like this. When King Wu found out about it, he said, "Why did you come here and make your clothes wet like this?" He replied, "There are trees in the garden, and there are cicadas on the trees. The cicadas are singing sadly on the high branches and drinking dew. I don't know that the praying mantis is there. Behind it, the mantis leaned forward to catch the cicada, not knowing that the oriole was beside it. The oriole stretched its neck to peck the mantis, not knowing that there were three pellets in my hand under it. Everyone wants to gain their own benefits, regardless of the hidden dangers behind them." King Wu said, "You are right!" So he stopped using troops.

22 Among the wild beasts, there is (a kind of) called 猱, which is small but good at climbing trees and has sharp claws. The tiger's head was itchy, so he let the zodiac scratch it until a hole was made. The tiger felt very comfortable and didn't feel that his head was scratched. The scorpion slowly took out its brains and ate them. The remaining remnants were presented to the tiger and said: "I got some delicious food by chance. I dare not enjoy it privately, so I will give it to you." The visitor said: "The loyal one is the scorpion." ! Love me and forget your own appetite.” After eating, I didn’t notice it. After a long time, the tiger's head became empty and it started to suffer from pain, looking for traces of the scorpion. But the scorpion had already run to the tall tree. The tiger jumped and shouted, then died.

23 There was an old man at the foot of a certain mountain. His wife passed away very early, and he only had a daughter far away. The hunter felt sorry for his loneliness, so he gave him a monkey as a gift. The old man liked it very much and treated it like his own son. The monkey follows him every time he goes out. (The monkey) does not need to be chained or led by a rope, but it will not leave him. So five years passed.

One day, the old man died suddenly. The monkey closed the door and ran to the home of the old man's daughter, crying like rain. (The old man's daughter) asked: "Father is dead?" The monkey nodded. (She) then went back with the monkey. The old man had nothing of value and no money to pay for his funeral. So the monkey cried loudly in the village, and the people in the village gave it money to pay for the old man's funeral. The old man's daughter wanted to take the monkey away, but the monkey refused. He still stayed at the old man's former residence and picked fruits for a living every day. Every five days, it cries loudly for the old man, as if to commemorate the old man's kindness in raising it for five years. It looks very sad. In less than three months, he died in front of the old man's grave. The people in the village felt pity for him, so they buried him next to the old man's grave and erected a tombstone for him, which read: Tomb of the Righteous Monkey.

24 There was a butcher who was walking on the road at night and was closely pursued by a wolf. There was a shack left by a farmer on the side of the road, so he ran in and hid in it. The evil wolf thrust a paw through the straw curtain of the thatched house. The butcher hurriedly grabbed it to prevent it from being pulled out. But there is no way to kill it. He only had a small knife less than an inch long, so he used it to cut the wolf's skin under his claws and blew air into it like a pig. After blowing hard for a while, I felt that the wolf was not moving much, so I tied the blowing mouth with a belt. When I went out to take a look, I saw that the wolf was swollen like a cow. The four legs were so straight that they could not bend back, and the mouth was open and could not be closed, so I carried it back. Who can do this if he is not a butcher?

25 Gao Huaizhong sells eel noodles in Xiaodongmen, Yangzhou. He killed dozens of eels every day. A maid took pity on him and secretly fished two or three eels out of the tank every night and threw them into the river through the back window. This happened for about a year. One day, a fire broke out in the store. The maid escaped in a hurry and was burned by the fire. She lay very tired by the river and fell asleep in the middle of the night.

After waking up, I found that not only the pain was relieved, but the burned area was also much better. The mud from the river accumulated in the wound, and the ground left traces of eels walking on it. Only then did she realize that it was the eel that had been released before that came to save her. Gao Huaizhong was moved by the maid's behavior, so he stopped working, dismantled the furnace, and put all the stones of live eels in stock into the river.

26 Hui Shi became the Prime Minister of Liang State, and Zhuangzi went to visit him. Someone told Hui Shi: "Zhuangzi came to Liang State and wanted to replace you as prime minister." So Hui Shi was very frightened and searched the capital for three days and nights. Zhuangzi went to see him and said: "There is a kind of bird in the south. Its name is the 铓鹓. Do you know? It takes off from the South China Sea and flies to the North Sea. It's not that the sycamore trees don't live in it, it's not that the bamboo fruits don't eat, it's not that it's sweet and sweet. The spring water was not drinkable. At this time, an owl picked up a rancid mouse, and the falcon flew in front of it. The owl looked up and screamed, "Now you also want to use your Liang Guolai." Scared me? ”

27 There was a rat infestation in a Zhao country’s home and he went to Zhongshan to look for cats. The Zhongshan people gave him the cat. This cat is good at catching mice as well as chickens. After more than a month, there were fewer mice and no more chickens. His son was very worried and said to his father: "Why don't you get rid of the cat?" His father said: "This is what you don't know. What I'm afraid of is mice, not the absence of chickens. If there are mice, there will be If you eat my food, destroy my clothes, pierce my walls, and chew my utensils, I will be hungry and cold. Isn’t the harm greater than not having chickens? Without chickens, it is just not eating chickens. "Yuan, why do you want to drive the cat away?"

28 Pang Gong wanted to accompany the prince to the State of Zhao to be a hostage. Pang Gong said to the King of Wei: "Now, if someone says that there is a tiger in the market, "Do you believe it?" King Wei said, "I don't believe it." Pang Gong said: "What if two people said it?" King Wei said: "Then I will be confused." Pang Gong said again: "What if the number is increased to three people? Will the king believe it?" King Wei said: "I believe it." Pang Gong said: "It is very clear that there will be no tigers in the market, but when three people said there were tigers, it seemed like there were real tigers." Now Zhao State is much farther from Daliang than we are from the market, and there are more than three people talking about me. I hope you can see clearly. King Wei said, "I know what to do." "So Pang Gong said goodbye and left, and the words about him quickly spread to the King of Wei. Later, the prince ended his life as a hostage, and Pang Gong really could not see the King of Wei again.

29 Yi Zhenren Wang Weining is good at writing He is particularly good at writing poems and writing in cursive script, which is very exquisite. Wang's ancestors were wealthy and left him tens of thousands of dollars in property. Weining has a bold personality and likes to have a banquet and entertain friends at home every day. There was a constant flow of guests, and it was often necessary to add several tables. Someone advised Wang Weining to make some plans for the future. He replied: "A man should be the master of money in this world, how can he be the slave of money?" "After his family fortune was exhausted, Wang Weining had no way to support himself, but he still drank alcohol every day. Some people advised him to make a living by selling calligraphy. He replied: "I don't study calligraphy to make a living!" "One day, Wang Weining was out of wine and felt very uncomfortable, so he went out for a stroll. He walked to the river and saw the setting sun shining on the water, sparkling and extremely beautiful. Weining was overjoyed and said: "There must be a person in the water. A good place, the curious palace of Dragon Palace, may give me joy. "So, he jumped into the water and died like this.

30 When Wen Yanbo was serving as the Minister of Civil Affairs, the candidate official Pei Lue was not appointed. So he recommended himself to Yanbo, saying that he was good at sarcasm in common sayings Yanbo asked him to laugh at the bamboos in front of the hall. Pei Lue said: "The bamboos will not wither in the winter months and will not be hot in the summer months. There is no room for the country's nobles in the belly, so there are no branches outside the skin." " He was asked to laugh at the screen wall again, and Pei Lue said: " It is eight or nine feet high and six or seven steps east and west. It is so abrupt that you can sit in the hall and cover the road. "Yanbo said: "The ridicule you said seems to be aimed at me. Pei Lue said, "I'm already moving your ribs, not just your arms." Wen Yanbo felt ashamed and gave Pei Lue an official position.

31 Xun Jubo went to a distant place to visit his sick friend, and happened to encounter the barbarians coming to attack the city.

The friend said to Ju Bo: "I am about to die, you should leave quickly!" Xun Ju Bo said: "I came from afar to visit you, but you asked me to leave; this kind of behavior that corrupts morality for the sake of greed for life and fear of death, Is this what I, Jubo Xun, can do?" When the rebels came, he asked Jubo Xun, "When the army arrived, everyone in the city fled. Who are you that dare to stay here alone?" They replied: "My friend is sick and I can't bear to leave him. I would rather use my body in exchange for my friend's life!" After hearing this, the thieves said to each other: "We, the unjust people, actually invaded this moral country! "So the entire army evacuated the small town, and the whole city was saved.

32 Cai Hong came to Luoyang, and the local people in Luoyang said to him: "The official office has just been established, and all officials are recruiting subordinates, looking for talents from humble backgrounds, and recruiting heroes from hermits in the mountains. You are the land of Wu and Chu. What special talents do scholars and people who have subjugated their country have to participate in the recruitment? "Cai Hong replied: "The night pearl does not necessarily have to be produced in the Mengjin River; the jade in the hand does not have to be collected from the Kunlun Mountains. Dongyi, King Wen was born in Xiqiang. The birthplace of the sages does not have to be a fixed place. In the past, King Wu attacked King Zhou and moved the stubborn people of the Shang Dynasty to Luoyang. Are you the descendants of those people?

33 Shi Chong and Wang Kai competed for extravagance, and both used the most colorful and gorgeous things to decorate their carriages, horses, and clothes. Emperor Wu of Jin was Wang Kai's nephew and often helped Wang Kai. He once gave Wang Kai a coral tree about two feet high. This coral tree had luxuriant branches and there were few comparable trees in the world. Wang Kai showed it to Shi Chong. After Shi Chong looked at it, he hit it Ruyi with an iron and broke it into pieces. Wang Kai felt sorry and thought that Shi Chong was jealous of his treasure, so his voice and face were very stern when he spoke. Shi Chong said: "It's not worth regretting. I will compensate you now." So he asked his men to take out all the coral trees in the house, some of which were three or four feet high. There were six trunks and branches that were unparalleled in the world and dazzling. Seven trees, even more like Wang Kai. Wang Kai looked at it and felt lost.

34 When Wang Xizhi was 10 years old, the general loved him very much. Often let him sleep in the tent. Wang Dun got up first to go out of the tent, but Wang Xizhi hadn't gotten up yet. After a while, Qian Feng came in and discussed important matters. He forgot that Wang Xizhi was still in the tent and started talking about his plan to betray the imperial court. After Wang Xizhi woke up and heard the content of their conversation, he was horrified and knew that he had no life, so he spit on his head, face and bedding, and pretended to be asleep. Wang Dun and the others were just halfway through their plot when they remembered that Wang Xizhi hadn't gotten up yet. They were very panicked, fearing that the child would be exposed, so they both said, "We have to get rid of him!" When they opened the curtain, they saw Wang Xizhi's face covered with spit. , believing that he was indeed asleep, so he was saved. He was praised for his intelligence at the time.

35 Ban Chao has great ambitions and does not care about small things. However, he is filial and diligent at home, often working hard in his life, and does not regard labor as a shame. He was eloquent and had a thorough reading of many historical books. In 62 AD (the fifth year of Yongping), his elder brother Ban Gu was recruited as a school clerk. Ban Chao and his mother also accompanied Ban Chao to Luoyang. Because his family was poor, Ban Chao often copied books for the government to earn money to support his family. He was copying for a long time and was exhausted. Once, he stopped what he was doing, threw down his pen and sighed: "If a man doesn't have better ambitions and strategies, he should be like Fu Jiezi in the Zhao Emperor period and Zhang Qian in the Wu Emperor period. How can he be busy between pens and inkstones for a long time when he has made great achievements in a foreign land and won a title?" The people around him laughed at him, and Ban Chao said: "How can you understand the ambition of a strong man?" < /p>

36 At the end of the Han Dynasty, there was a man named Lu Mingji, whose surname was Gongji, and he was from Wujun. His father's name was Lu Kang, who once served as the prefect of Lujiang and was very close to Yuan Shu.

When Lu Ji was only six years old, he would go to Jiujiang to meet Yuan Shu. Yuan Shu took out many oranges and gave them to Lu Ji to eat. Lu Ji secretly put three oranges in his sleeves, and when it was time to say goodbye, he thanked Yuan Shu. Unexpectedly, the three oranges fell from the sleeves to the ground.

Yuan Shu smiled and said, Lu Lang, you came to be a guest, but you secretly hid the owner's oranges, didn't you want to prevent others from laughing at you for stealing the oranges? Lu Ji knelt on the ground and replied, My mother likes to eat these things very much. Because of this, I thought of taking a few back to feed my mother. Yuan Shu was greatly surprised after hearing these words.

37 Wei Lu knew that Su Wu could not be forced to surrender after all, so he reported it to Shan Yu. The Chan Yu wanted to make Su Wu surrender more and more, so he imprisoned Su Wu and put him in a big cellar without giving him anything to drink or eat. It was snowing, so Su Wu lay down and chewed the snow, swallowing it together with felt wool to satisfy his hunger. He survived for several days. The Xiongnu thought it was magical, so they moved Su Wu to a deserted place by the North Sea and asked him to herd rams, saying that they would not return to the Han until the rams gave birth to lambs. At the same time, his subordinates and his entourage Chang Hui and others were placed in other places. After Su Wu moved to Beihai, food could not be transported, so he could only eat wild fruits stored by wild rats. He used the Han court's talisman festival to herd sheep, holding it on when sleeping and getting up, until all the yak tail hairs tied to the festival fell off.

38 King Xiang of Chu asked Song Yu: "Sir, have you behaved inappropriately? Why don't the scholars and common people praise you?" Song Yu replied: "Yes, that's the case, there is such a situation. I hope your Majesty will forgive my sin and allow me to finish my sentence. A guest sang in the capital. At first he sang "Xia Li" and "Ba Ren", and thousands of people sang with him in the city; he sang "Yang A" and "Ba Ren". "Xie Lu", there were hundreds of people singing with him in the city; when he sang "Yangchun" and "White Snow", there were only a few dozen people singing with him in the city; he quoted the Shang voice, portrayed the feather voice, and mixed it with the flowing Zheng voice, the city There were only a few people who sang with him. It seems that the more elegant the song, the fewer people sang it.

39 Fan Zhongyan lost his father when he was two years old, and his family was poor and helpless. He had lofty ambitions and often washed his face with cold water. He often couldn't even eat, so he just ate porridge and continued to study. After becoming an official, he often talked about world affairs without caring about his own life. As the prefect of Dengzhou, Fan Zhongyan worked hard and did not eat much meat. He only provided for his wife and children. He often recited two sentences from his works: "A scholar should worry about the world before worrying about it. People in the world will be happy only after they are happy. "

In the 14th year of Renwei's 40th year, he tied up his hair and became a disciple. He was not afraid of hardships and dangers. He often said that if people don't learn, how can they succeed? So they often stayed under the tree, weaved thatch to make a nunnery, and cut thorns. Use it as a pen and squeeze out the tree sap to use as ink. Use starlight to read at night. If it is too dark, use mugwort to illuminate it. Write down what you have learned on your clothes so that your classmates can remember it well. He wanted to study, so he often lent him clean clothes to wear. Before he died, he said: If a person is eager to learn, even if he is dead, he will still be alive; 41 Once upon a time, someone wrote a letter from Ying, the capital of Chu State, to the Prime Minister of Yan State. It was night when the light was not bright enough, so he said to the servant holding the candle: "Hold up the candle. As a result, he unconsciously wrote the word "lift the candle" in the letter. When Xiang Yan saw the word "lift the candle" in the letter, he was very happy and said, "'Lift the candle' means advocating purity and honesty." To implement the Qingming policy, talented people should be recommended for important positions." Prime Minister Yan told King Yan of this idea, and King Yan was very happy and implemented it. As a result, Yan governed well. The country was well governed, but he was not a writer. The original intention. Most people who are studying now are like this.

42 There was a man named Yuan Jingmu in the East, who was about to go to a distant place, but he was dying of hunger on the way. The robber named Qiu saw him lying on the ground from hunger, so he fed him some soup. After Yuanjing took three mouthfuls, he could see. When he saw Qiu, he asked, "What are you doing?" What about? Qiu replied: "I am from Guyou, and my name is Qiu." Yuan Jingmu said, "Ah, aren't you the robber?" Why are you still feeding me? I am a benevolent and righteous person, and I will not eat the food you robbers bring! "After that, he lay on the ground with both hands and vomited vigorously. He couldn't vomit out, and he lay on the ground with a rattling sound in his throat and died.

In the winter of Gengyin year 43, I wanted to enter Jiaozhou from a small road. At this time, the sun was setting, and the evening mist was lingering in the trees. I thought there was still more than two miles to go to Jiaozhou City, so I asked the ferryman: "Let's go from here now." ) can we still catch up with the south gate being open?" The ferryman looked at the little slave carefully and replied: "Go slowly, it is still open; go quickly, then it will be closed. "I'm not happy that (he) was joking about this. Halfway through walking quickly, the little slave fell down, the rope binding the books broke, and the books fell down. The little slave cried and did not get up immediately (I don't know the correct translation of this sentence) No). I sorted and bundled the books, but the south door was locked. I suddenly understood and thought about the reason for the ferryman.

In the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty in 44, a fire broke out in the palace. Overnight, large areas of palaces, terraces, pavilions and pavilions were turned into ruins. Song Zhenzong selected minister Ding Wei to be responsible for restoring the palace. At that time, in order to complete this major and complex project in a short period of time, a series of related problems needed to be solved: First, the palace was far away from the suburbs, making it difficult to obtain soil; second, the tools for transporting building materials were difficult to solve; third, there were large areas of ruins after completion. Garbage disposal issues. Ding Wei planned carefully and formulated a clever construction plan. First, an order was issued to "excavate thoroughfares to retrieve soil," and several large deep trenches were dug from the construction site. The excavated soil was used as construction soil. In this way, the problem of soil acquisition can be solved on the spot rather than looking far away. In the second step, the Bianshui River outside the palace was introduced into the newly dug ditch, and "all kinds of bamboo rafts and miscellaneous shipping materials were led from the trench to the palace gate." In this way, the problem of transporting large quantities of wood and stone was solved. After the construction and transportation tasks are completed, the cutting water will be drained, all the garbage on the construction site will be poured into the ditch, and the land will be filled again. This construction plan has achieved the best results of "saving three things in one fell swoop and saving hundreds of millions of dollars".

On April 45, Gan Wu went to Qi as an envoy and had to cross a large river. The boat owner said: "The river is so shallow that you can't cross it by your own strength. How can you do anything to please the King of Qi?" Gan Wu said: "That's not the case. You don't know the reason. Things are different in their own way. They have strengths and weaknesses; they do things honestly and carefully, helping their masters to win without a fight; good horses like Qiji and Luan can travel thousands of miles in a day, but if you put them at home and let them hunt mice, they are worse than kittens; A general can be famous all over the world when he becomes an official, and a craftsman is not as good as a lumberjack in cutting wood. But now he can row a boat in the river and move forward and retreat freely. I am not as good as you. If you persuade the kings and kings, you are not as good as me."

46 Jia Dao. I first went to Chang'an, the capital, to take the imperial examination. One day while riding on the back of a donkey, I recited a poem: "It's quiet late at night, birds are perching on the branches by the pond, and monks knock on the door of the temple under the moonlight when they return home late at night." I started to think about it. I wanted to use the word "push", and then I wanted to use the word "knock". I pondered the words carefully, but I couldn't decide which word was more beautiful and expressive, so I chanted and read on the back of the donkey, and kept reaching out to sign "push", "push", "Knock" gesture. At this time, Han Yu, the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel and Jingzhao Yin, was passing by, and Jia Dao unknowingly bumped into the third part of the ceremonial guard. The entourage pushed Jia Dao to the front of Jingzhao Yin Hanyu, and Jia Dao explained the poems he had recited one by one. Han Yu stopped his horse and stood there for a long time, and said to Jia Dao: "It would be better to use the word 'knock'." Then he and Jia Dao rode side by side back to the government office. For a long time, the two were reluctant to leave and discussed poetry writing. Although he was a high official, Han Yu became friends with Jia Dao, a civilian poet.

47 At first, Sun Quan said to General Lu Meng: "You are now in an important position and have great power, so you must study further!" Lu Meng declined on the grounds that there were many affairs in the military camp. Sun Quan said: "Do I want you to study classics and history and become a learned scholar? It's just that you should study extensively and understand the past. You said you have to deal with many things. Who can do more things than me?" I often read and felt that I had gained a lot." Lu Meng then began to complete his studies. When Lu Su passed by Xunyang and discussed world affairs with Lu Mengyan, Lu Su was very surprised and said: "Your current talents and strategies are no longer comparable to those of Lu Meng of Soochow in the past!" Lu Meng said: "With people After being separated for a few days, you should keep your eyes open and look at his talents again. Brother, why do you see the changes in things so late?" Lu Su then paid a visit to Lu Meng's mother, became friends with Lu Meng, and then said goodbye and left.

48 A wise monarch does not necessarily have to see everything, but must know what a monarch should insist on. A strategic monarch does not have to do everything by himself. He must understand the key to managing hundreds of officials. Therefore, there will be fewer things and the country will be peaceful. You must understand what you should insist on as a monarch, so when power is concentrated and the treacherous things will stop, when the treacherous things stop, the people who lobby will not come, and when things are clear and things are not disguised, the truth of the matter will be revealed. . This is the so-called highest state of governance.

49 Zengzi said: "I reflect on myself many times every day: Am I doing my best when doing things for others? Is it honest in dealing with friends? Have I reviewed the studies taught by the teacher?"

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50 The character of a person with both ability and political integrity relies on inner peace and concentration to cultivate body and mind, and it relies on frugal style to cultivate character.

If you don't look down on worldly fame and wealth, you won't be able to clarify your ambitions. If you don't have peace of mind and body, you won't be able to realize your lofty ideals. You must concentrate on learning, and you must study hard to increase your talents. If you don't study hard, you can't increase your intelligence, and if you don't clarify your ambitions, you can't achieve success in learning. The pursuit of excessive pleasure and laziness cannot inspire the spirit, and frivolity and irritability cannot cultivate the temperament. Years pass by with the passage of time, and the will wears away with the years. In the end, like a withered branch and a leaf, (becoming a person who does nothing) is of no use to society. (At that time,) staying in the small world of one's own home, sighing sadly, What else is it for?