Study and Chapter No. 1

Confucius said: "Learn and practice from time to time, that's not to say! It's not a joy to have friends from afar! People don't know and are not surprised. You are not a gentleman!"

Translation: Confucius said: "Isn't it very happy to study and review on time? Isn't it also very happy to have like-minded people coming from afar! If others don't understand me, If I go without resentment, am I not a gentleman?"

Youzi said: "It is rare for a man to be filial to his younger brother, but to be fond of offending his superiors; to be rare is to have a man who is not fond of offending his superiors, but is fond of causing trouble." A gentleman should stick to his roots, and the Tao will be born from his roots. Being filial to your younger brother is the foundation of benevolence. ”

Translation: Youzi said: “It is rare to be a man who is filial to his parents, respects his elders, but likes to offend his elders and superiors; he who does not like to offend his elders and superiors, but likes to rebel and cause rebellion , there is none. A gentleman must devote himself to the fundamentals. Once the fundamentals are established, the principles for governing a country and being a human being will emerge. The so-called "filial piety" and "fraternity" can be the foundation of "benevolence". ”

Confucius said: “Knowing words and making people look fresh and benevolent.” ”

Translation: Confucius said: “Those who talk sweetly and have a kind face are rarely virtuous. ”

Zengzi said: “I examine myself three times every day: Have I been unfaithful in my plans for others? Make friends but don’t believe it? Not used to the communication room? ”

Translation: Zengzi said: “I reflect on myself many times every day: Am I being loyal when I advise and do things for others? When interacting with friends, are you sincere and trustworthy? Have you reviewed the knowledge taught by the teacher? ”

Confucius said: “A country with a thousand chariots of Tao respects things and is trustworthy, is economical and loves others, so that the people can keep time.” ”

Translation: Confucius said: “To govern a vassal state with a thousand chariots, one must be serious, careful, and attentive to handle the country’s political affairs, and strictly keep one’s word; be economical in financial expenses, and love one’s subordinates and people; follow the rules. The busyness of the farming season serves the people. ”

Confucius said: “Disciple, be filial when you enter, be a younger brother when you go out, be sincere and trustworthy, love everyone and be kind. If you have some spare energy in practice, study literature. ”

Translation: Confucius said: “Children, be filial to your parents at home, respect your brothers when you go out, be cautious and trustworthy in your words and deeds, be friendly to everyone broadly, and get close to virtuous people. If you have any remaining energy after doing this, you should use it to learn various cultural knowledge. ”

Zi Xia said: “A wise man changes his appearance; when serving his parents, he can use his voice to the best of his ability; when serving the king, he can use his body; when making friends, he must be true to his word.” Although I say I haven’t learned yet, I will definitely call it learning. ”

Translation: Zixia said: “Respect virtuous people but despise beautiful women; serve your parents to the best of your ability; work for the king with dedication; interact with friends, Speaking honestly can show credibility. Even if such a person says that he has not studied anything, I must say that he has studied. ”

Confucius said: “If a gentleman is not serious, he will not have authority, and if he is learned, he will not be solid.” The Lord is faithful. He who has no friends is not as good as himself. Don't be afraid to change if you make mistakes. ”

Translation: Confucius said: “If a gentleman’s [behavior] is not solemn, he will have no majesty; if his [attitude] is not solemn, the knowledge he has learned will not be consolidated. Being a good person mainly requires loyalty and keeping one's word. Don't make friends with people who are inferior to you. If you make a mistake, don't be afraid to correct it. ”

Zengzi said: “Be careful in your end and chase far away, and the people’s virtue will be strong.” ”

Translation: Zengzi said: “We must handle funerals carefully and honor our ancestors reverently. [By doing so,] the people’s morality will return to loyalty and honesty.” "

Zi Qin asked Yu Zigong: "Master, when it comes to establishing a state, you must hear about its politics and seek to harmonize it, or should you harm it? Zigong said: "Master, you can get it by being gentle, kind, respectful, frugal, and generous." What is the Master's pursuit of? Is it different from what others seek? "

Translation: Zi Qin asked Zigong: "Every time our teacher goes to a vassal state, he will definitely know about the political affairs of that country. Does he ask for it himself, or does someone else take the initiative to tell him? Zigong said: "The teacher understands political affairs through gentleness, kindness, respect, frugality and humility." [It can also be said that it is obtained through seeking, but] the way the teacher obtains it is probably different from the way people obtain it, right? ”

Confucius said: “When the father is alive, observe his ambitions; when the father is gone, observe his actions. If you do not change your father’s ways for three years, you can be called filial.”

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Translation: Confucius said: “[Look at a person,] when his father is alive, you have to look at his ambition; after his father dies, you have to examine his behavior. If he doesn’t change his behavior for three years, Such a person can be said to have achieved filial piety by adhering to the principles his father adheres to. ”

Youzi said: “The purpose of etiquette is harmony. The first five ways are beautiful. Little and big come from it. If there is something that cannot be done, it is impossible to be harmonious and to be harmonious without following etiquette. ”

Translation: Youzi said: “In the application of etiquette, harmony is the most valuable thing.” This is the valuable part of the ancient wise rulers' methods of governing the country. Small things and big things all follow this principle. If it doesn't work in some places, and you only know how to be harmonious for the sake of harmony, and don't use etiquette to regulate and restrict it, then that's not okay either. ”

Youzi said: “Faith is close to righteousness, and words can be restored.” Respect is closer to etiquette than shame. Because they don't lose their relatives, they can also be members of the clan. ”

Translation: Youzi said: “Trust must be in line with righteousness; only such promises and covenants that are in line with righteousness can be practiced and fulfilled.” Be respectful and conform to etiquette, [by doing so] you can avoid shame. Those you rely on should be those who are close to you. [Only these people] are respectable and reliable. ”

Confucius said: “A gentleman has nothing to eat and nothing to live in. If he is sensitive to things and careful in his words, he has the Way and is upright. He can be said to be eager to learn.” ”

Translation: Confucius said: “A gentleman does not pursue satiety when eating, does not pursue comfort when living, works diligently and quickly, speaks cautiously, looks up to moral people, and always corrects his shortcomings and mistakes, [ By doing this, you can be said to be a studious person. ”

Zigong said: “How about being poor without flattery, being rich without arrogance? Confucius said: "Yes, there is no such thing as being poor and happy, and being rich and good at courtesy." Zigong said: "The Poetry" says: "It is like cutting, like discussing, like puzzling, like grinding." ’ What does this mean? Confucius said: "If you give me a gift, you can tell me that the "Poetry" has already been told, so that you can tell those who have gone by and know what is coming." ”

Translation: Zigong said: “If you are poor but don’t flatter people, if you are rich but don’t be arrogant, what about [such people]? Confucius said: "It's okay, [but] it's not as good as a poor person who is still happy, or a rich person who loves etiquette." Zigong said: "The Book of Songs says: 'Just like bones, horns, ivory, and jade, they must be carefully polished [to become exquisite utensils]." ’ Is that what you mean? Confucius said: "Duanmu Ci, I can start talking about the Book of Songs with you." By telling you what has happened, you can know what will happen in the future. ”

Confucius said: “If you don’t worry about others, you don’t know yourself; when you worry, you don’t know others.” ”

Translation: Confucius said: “You are not afraid that others do not understand your [strengths and benefits], but you are afraid that you do not understand others [the good and bad].” ”