At the end of Qianlong period, Mr. Yao Jichuan of Tongcheng was good at writing archaic characters, which was influenced by Liu Junda and his late father [1]. The third son is proficient in Wang Shuo [2], while Mr. Yao is good at treatment. Li Cheng and Zhou Yongnian said comfortably: [3] "The article in the world is in Tongcheng!" Therefore, scholars turned to Tongcheng, commonly known as "Tongcheng School", which was also called Jiangxi Poetry School in the last generation [4].
Mr. Yao is a late lecturer of Zhongshan Academy [5] and his disciples are [6]. There are similarities and differences between Mei Zengliang and Tong Cheng Fang and Yao in Shangyuan. Four people, called Gaudi's disciples, often use their income to teach their disciples and friends. In Tongcheng, there is a Dai Jun who has lived in Hengcun for a long time. He is particularly energetic. He believes that he will never stop after observing the city law [7] and entering [8] after F. He is not listed as a disciple, but he also takes orders from [9], including Xincheng Lu Shiqi Ai Fei [10] and Xing Wu Wu De Xuan Zhonglun. E Fei's nephew is Master Chen Yongguang [1 1]. The master is not only his uncle's teacher, but also a close friend of the native [12] teacher Yao. What a good article. Master students include Uncle Chen Xueshou [13], Uncle Chen Puguang and Uncle Fu [14], and Nanfeng has Stator Preface, all of which are inherited from Mr. Yao [15]. Therefore, Jianchang in Jiangxi is known as Tongcheng [16]. Make friends with Yongfu Lu Huang [17]. Villagers include Lingui Zhu Qibohan and Maxi Zhenpingfu [18], all of whom are attached to Wu and Lu, seeking to expand their skills to Mei Bo Yan. Therefore, Tongcheng School spread in Guangxi.
In the past, Frant Gwo tried to blame Mr. Yao for trying Hunan [19], but people from my hometown didn't know that they studied literature. Therefore, Shu in Baling was named Nanping, and he never got tired of his skills. However, Yang Yizhen of Wuling, Zhi Fang of Sun, Guo Songtao of Xiangyin, and Shu Tao Bolu of Xupu are all on the right path. What can you ask for if you violate this point? Finally, I got Ouyang Sheng from Xiangtan. Born, my friend Ouyang is Xiao Cen's son. He was taught in Baling, taught in Xiangyin and tested two things in Xincheng. There are many people who gradually dye, and their hobbies are the best in the world, and Yao's family in Tongcheng is far behind.
In the mid-Qianlong period, there was a Confucian freak [23] who advocated Hongbo, called circumstantial evidence and commented on a word. After a thousand words, there is no peace, so he calls himself "Sinology" [24], and he hates the philosophy of the Song philosophers [26] and thinks it is not enough to survive. This is a jumble of things. Only Mr Yao believes that justice, textual research and rhetoric [27] cannot be neglected. Justice is quality, and then attach the text, textual research and return. In a series, this is particularly serious. At that time, it was isolated and helpless, and it was passed down for 50 or 60 years. Modern students recite the article a little and accept their words. Abandoning it is also different, and its life is also embarrassing.
Since Hong and Yang advocated chaos [28], Southeast China has been poisoned. Mr Yao used to write a stick in Shicheng, Zhongshan [29]. Now it's a cave for dogs and sheep. It's too deep to pull out. Tongcheng became a foreign country [30] and was lost. Dai Junheng's family was martyred and died of European descent. When I came to Jianchang, I asked about the wars in Xincheng and Nanfeng [3 1]. Everything was gone, the fields were gone, Artemisia was gone, and there were one or two scribes, and there was nowhere to move. However, Guangxi has been fighting for nine years, and the bandits are still aggressive, so they can't climb the comb [32], and Long Jun Han Chang has been wrecked [33]. It's just that my hometown is not so peaceful, and Mr. Er and Mr. San still have excellent literature, which has twists and turns suitable for Tongcheng. Before Shu Dao died, Mr. Ouyang died [34]. Talent depends on personnel, or disturb it, you will not learn, and a few will die in it [35]. There are many reasons in all directions. It is impossible to be as smart as Mr. Yao [36], to take an examination of Taiping Shou [37], to follow the ancient authors calmly, and to be a pawn. However, can the success of this industry be called fatal?
Ouyang Sheng, a famous scholar, died in March of the fifth year of Xianfeng at the age of twenty. If his writing is poetic, then he is clear, sincere, happy [38] and sometimes confused. Zhuang: "Those who escape from the emptiness" [39] ... are full of people but happy [40], and the relatives of Emperor Kuang Kun are on their side [4 1]! "I haven't heard of the old man in Tongcheng for a long time. It's not enough to observe what life is like! Therefore, it is the preface, in order to block Xiao Cen's sadness, and also to look at the article and the world in disguise for future generations to have a look.
translate
At the end of Qianlong period, Tongcheng Yao Jichuan Mr. Yao Nai was good at writing ancient prose, admired and imitated the articles of fellow countryman Fang Bao, and also learned writing methods from Liu Da and his uncle. These three gentlemen are already knowledgeable and prestigious Confucian scholars, and Mr. Yao Nai is more proficient in studying articles and Taoism. Zhou Yongnian of Licheng said: "The essence of the world's articles is probably in Tongcheng!" Therefore, most learners turn to Tongcheng, known as Tongcheng School, which is better than the Jiangxi Poetry School called by the previous generation.
In his later years, Mr. Yao Nai gave lectures at Sun Yat-sen College, with Guan Tong and Mei Zengliang as his disciples. These four people are called excellent disciples. They pass on what they have learned to their students and friends. Wherever they go, they inherit the mantle and never stop. In Tongcheng, Dai Junheng studied with Fang for a long time, but he worked harder than others. He felt that he should not morally humbly adhere to the theory of the sages in his hometown and pass it on to his descendants. Those who are not included in the list of disciples, but really admire themselves as disciples, are Lu Shiqi of Xincheng and Wu Dexuan of Xing Wu.
Once upon a time, I suspected that Mr. Yao Nai was presiding over the imperial examination in Hunan, but my fellow villagers who came from his door didn't know that learning articles was his career. I soon learned that Wu Shuo of Bashu and Yang told Yao Nai that he loved the knowledge deeply and was not satisfied, while Yang of Wuling, Sun of good culture, Guo Songtao of Xiangyin and Shu Tao of Xupu all thought that Yao Nai was the right way for literati to write. What can we pursue if we violate this way? Finally, I learned that there was Ouyang Sheng from Xiangtan. Ouyang Sheng, the son of my friend Ouyang, studied in Baling, Xiangyin and Xincheng. Many people are deeply influenced by the same clan theory. Their hobby is to concentrate all the beautiful things in the world, which cannot replace their admiration for the Yao family in Tongcheng.
In the mid-Qianlong period, scholars and scholars all over the country advocated grandeur and diversity, and their style of writing was flashy; Textual research on one word can't stop accumulating thousands of words. On the other hand, the banner is called "Sinology", which denies the theories of various schools of thought in the Song Dynasty and thinks it is not worth preserving. Their articles are even more disorganized and irrelevant. Mr. Yao Nai found a new way, ruled out all kinds of arguments, and thought that justice, textual research and rhetoric should not be neglected. We must take righteousness and reason as the essence, but only in this way can the words be attached with beauty and the textual research be based. This is the only place in an article that needs our caution. At that time, I was isolated and taught for 50 or 60 years. Recently, the bachelor gradually read his article and accepted his study. The abandonment and prosperity of ideas also have their own opportunities, which is probably fate!
Ouyang Sheng, whose real name is Xun, died in March of the fifth year of Xianfeng, when he was in his twenties. His articles and poems are fresh and meticulous, he likes to answer and sing, and sometimes he feels a sense of parting from time to time. Zhuangzi said: "I am happy to hear people's footsteps, not to mention the brothers and relatives around me talking and laughing!" I haven't heard the old gentlemen in Tongcheng talking and laughing for a long time. So, after reading Ouyang Sheng's poems, is it like hearing footsteps? Therefore, to make up for the grief of his father Ouyang Xiaocen by preface, we can also see that the article is related to the changes of the world and is convenient for future generations to consult.
To annotate ...
[1] Editor Fan Jun: refers to Yao Nai's uncle Fan Yao. Fan Yao, whose real name is Nan Qing, is called a scholar and editor by scholars. He taught Yao Nai in his early years.
[2] Knowing Confucianism: Broad Confucianism, a person with high reputation.
[3] Zhou Yongnian: Zi Shuchang, a native of Licheng, Shandong Province, was a scholar of Qianlong, and was granted editing. Give it: Tell him (Yao Nai).
[4] Jiangxi Poetry School: A poetry school headed by Huang Tingjian in the Northern Song Dynasty, with more than 20 members including Huang Tingjian, Chen Shidao, Pan Dalin and Xie Yi. Because most of its finished products come from Jiangxi, it is called Jiangxi Poetry School.
[5] Zhongshan Academy: In Nanjing, the Academy is a teaching and research school established by various states and governments after the Tang Dynasty.
[6] Under the door: refers to disciples. Title: List names.
[7] Xian Zheng: sages and sages.
[8]f: Zen, communication and teaching.
[9] Surrender: Sincere admiration.
[ 10]
[1 1] Chen Yongguang: See Preface to the House Collection in Zhoushan, Taiyi.
[12] Hua Zhi: Affected.
[13] Chen Xueshou: Uncle Ziyi, a native of Jiangxi, studied classical Chinese under Mei Ceng Liang.
[14] Chen Pu: This word is widely used, and Chen Xue is the younger brother.
[15] Private Shu: People who learn from someone they admire but have not been directly taught often call themselves "private Shu disciples".
[16] Jianchang: Chen Yongguang is a native of Xincheng, Jiangxi Province, and once belonged to Jianchang Prefecture.
[17]: (1778-1838): Zi, Hao, Jiaqing Jinshi, a native of Yongfu, Guangxi, befriended Wu Dexuan. Wu's On the Narration of Ancient Chinese Literature at the Beginning of the Moon is one of the important literary theories of Tongcheng School. He is an important representative of Tongcheng School in Guangxi.
Wang Xizhi: That is Wang Zheng.
[19] imperial examination: in charge of the imperial examination. Canon: Lord and master.
[20] Yang: Zi: Zi Nong, a native of Wuling, Hunan (now Changde), 1850 (thirty years of Daoguang) Jinshi.
[2 1] Sun: Zi,No. Zhifang, Hunan (now Changsha), 1845 (twenty-five years of Daoguang) Jinshi.
[22] Guo Songtao: word, Hunan Xiangyin people, Daoguang Jinshi. He served as assistant minister of the Ministry of War and was sent to Britain and France.
[23] freak: that is, freak, not in line with the world's heterogeneous.
[24] Sinology: refers to the Han people's textual research and exegetical study of classic ancient books, which is symmetrical with the Neo-Confucianism of the Song people's interpretation of classic meanings. Sinology in Qing Dynasty made an important contribution to the collation of ancient books, and its articles were mainly textual research, sometimes with complicated diseases.
[25] "Song philosopher" sentence: refers to the Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao and Zhu in the Song Dynasty.
[26] "Thought" sentence: Advocating the combination of righteousness, textual research and rhetoric did not come from Yao Nai, but his advocacy had a great impact. [27] Hong and Yang: the leaders of the peasant revolution in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Hong Xiuquan and Yang.
[28] When writing crutches, everyone said: Give lectures with crutches. Write: Take it, take it. Du: Supervisor.
[29] Becoming a foreign land: refers to being occupied by the Taiping Army.
[30] Q: Visit. Bing Xi m: n (Xi m: n): Bing Huo.
[3 1] Crawling comb: carding and correction.
[32] thing: death.
[33] Death: disease.
[34] Death: premature death, underage death. 慵 (慵): Death.
[35] Early success: Early success means that Yao Nai became famous early. (Yao was a juren at the age of twenty and a scholar at the age of thirty-three)
[36] Taiping Shoukao: Peace and longevity.
[37] Qingzhen (zhěn): light and refined. Zhen: Accurate.
[38] "Zhuang Zhou" four sentences: The quotation is from "Zhuangzi Wu Xu Gui". "Escape from the void" was originally "escape from the void", referring to people who fled in the wilderness.
[39] qióng ran: footsteps.
[40] Qi (q ng ké): Cough, like cough, means talking and laughing. [ 1]