1. Please translate this classical Chinese text.
Wang Mianzhe, a native of Zhuji, when he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered him to herd cattle on the Long Mountain. He stole the school and listened to the fertility books. , memorize it silently. Returning at dusk, he forgot his cattle. Or when a cow comes to scold him, his father angrily scolds him. It's back to its original state. The mother said, "You are so crazy, why won't you listen to what you do?" Mian Yin left and lived in a monk's temple. He sneaked out at night, sat on the Buddha's lap, held the policy and illuminated the long-lit lantern, and read it, until the end of the day. There are many earthen idols in the Buddha statues, they are ferocious and terrifying; they crown children as peaceful as if they were not seen. Anyang Hanxing heard about it, so he was admitted as the second son, and his studies became Tongru. When he was born, he welcomed his mother across the city and raised her.
Wang Mian is from Zhuji. When he was seven or eight years old, his father asked him to herd cattle on the ridge of the field. He secretly ran into the school and listened to the students reading. After listening, he memorized the words in his mind. I went home at night and forgot to take care of the cows. ------The father beat him angrily, but soon everything was like before. The mother said, "My son is so single-minded, why not let him do what he wants to do!" Wang Mian left his home and took refuge in the monk's temple. He secretly came out at night, sat on the Buddha's knees, and read with the lamp in front of the Buddha statue that stayed on day and night.
The loud sound of reading continued until dawn. Most of the Buddha statues are made of clay, and they are ferocious and terrifying. Wang Mian is a child, but he is as calm as if he has not seen it.
Don't explain. To distinguish whether a noun is used as a verb or a noun as an adverbial, it depends on whether there is a verb after the noun. If there is a verb, it will be used as an adverbial. If not, it will be used as a verb. Conjugated use of verbs 1. Use conjugated verbs as nouns. The main function of verbs is to serve as predicates. But sometimes it also appears in the position of the subject or object, indicating the person or thing related to the action of the verb. At this time, it is used as a noun. For example: Isn’t my ejaculation good? (The skill of archery) "The Oil Seller" Example: A large country is unpredictable, and there is a fear of ambush. (Ambush troops, ambushes) "Cao Lie's Theory of War" Example: Kill the people who come out of the land, exhaust the people who enter the house. (Produced things, income of property) "Snake Catcher" 2. The causative usage of verbs. The verb and its object are not the general relationship between domination and being dominated, but the verb causes the person or thing represented by the object to produce the verb. The action behavior expressed. Generally speaking, most of the verbs used as verbs are intransitive. Intransitive verbs do not originally have an object. When used for verbs, they are followed by an object. When translating, use both The form of the pattern. Example: External linkage to fight against the princes. (To make...fight) "Guo Qin Lun" Example: It can be burned and run away. (To make... to escape) "The Battle of Chibi" Transitive verbs are also used in conjugation as To move, but it is rare. For example: The Marquis of Jin drank Zhao Dun's wine. (Made Zhao Dun drink) "Zuo Zhuan Jin Linggong Bujun" Example: Prefaced the eight states and dynasty in the same row for more than a hundred years. (Made Zhao Dun drink wine) The same dynasty) "The Theory of Guo Qin" transitive verbs originally take objects, and there is no difference in form from the causative usage. The difference is only in meaning. This requires careful and specific analysis of the specific language environment and distinction based on the context. 3. Verb In classical Chinese, the actions expressed by some verbs are performed by the person represented by the subject for the person or thing represented by the object. This usage is the verb usage of verbs. For example: After three days of weeping, He vowed to cure it. (Crying for...) "Bing Mei Guan Ji" Example: If you die now, you will die, if you make a big plan, you will die. If you wait for death, how can a country die? (Died for...) "Chen She's Family" Example: Future generations mourn and ignore it, which also makes future generations mourn again. (Lament for...) Flexible use of adjectives in "Afang Palace Fu" 1. Adjectives When used as a noun in classical Chinese, if an adjective is in the position of subject or object or predicate of a judgment sentence, it has obvious characteristics of expressing people or things. 3. The source and translation of this ancient text
It comes from the Chunqiu Guliang Biography - the second year of Duke Xi - Yu Shi Jin Shi destroyed Xia Yang. The simplified version is:
Jin Xian Gong wanted to attack Guo, Xun Xi said: "Why don't you use the chariot of Qu Chuan and the jade of hanging thorns to borrow the Tao from Yu?" The Duke said: "This is the treasure of the Jin Dynasty! What if you accept my coins but don't borrow my Tao? ?” Take the stable in the middle and put it in the outer stable. "The Duke said: "The wonder of the palace is there, and it will not be tolerated." King. If you are wise, you will be able to speak wisely. If you are timid, you will not be able to give strong advice. If you are not good enough, you will be ignored. If you are good at playing in front of your eyes and ears, if you have troubles in a country, you can take care of them if you know more about them. It turns out that Yu Junzhong knew the following: "The Duke then took advantage of the road to attack Guo. Gong Zhiqi's admonition said: "The envoys of Jin's words are humble and their coins are heavy, which will not be convenient for Yu." Duke Yu didn't listen, so he accepted his coins and borrowed them. Gong Zhiqi also admonished: "There is a saying: 'If the lips are dead, the teeth will be cold.' That's why!" He took his wife and ran to Cao Cao. Duke Xian died in Guo for five years, and then he was promoted to Yu. Xun Xi led his horse to hold the jade and said: "The jade is still the same, but the teeth are longer."
The translation may be as follows:
Duke Xian of Jin wanted to attack Guo State. . "What should I do with it?" Give it to us, that is, we take it from the inner storehouse and hide it in the outer storehouse. We take it from the inner stable and put it in the outer stable. "Xian Gong said: "The wonder of the palace is, I won't let him go." Xun Xi said, "Gong Zhiqi understands his character, but he is timid and he is only a few years older than Yu Jun.
He knew in his heart that he should speak briefly, and if he was timid, he should not try his best to remonstrate. If he was only a few years older than Mr. Yu, Mr. Yu would not respect him. In addition, treasures and beloved things are in front of the ears and eyes, and disasters are behind a country. This requires people with average intelligence or above to consider this. The minister expected that Mr. Yu was of below average intelligence. "Xian Gong used the road to conquer the Guo State. Gong Zhiqi advised: "The Jin envoy's humble words and grand gifts must not be good for the Yu State. "Yu Gong refused to listen, so he accepted Jin's gift and lent the road to Jin. Gong Zhiqi remonstrated: "As the saying goes: 'The lips are dead and the teeth are cold. ’ Isn’t that what you’re talking about? "He led his wife and children to defect to the State of Cao. Duke Xian of Jin destroyed the State of Guo and occupied the State of Yu five years later. Xun Xi led the horse and held the bi, stepped forward and said: "The bi is still like this, but Horse teeth increased. ” 4. Classical Chinese: Confucius talks about making friends. If you want the answer to this classical Chinese article, just explain it.
Original text 1. Confucius said: “Three friends will benefit you, and you will lose three friends ①. Friends are straightforward, friends are forgiving ②, friends Hearing more is beneficial. If you have friends, you will be irritated (3), if you are friendly and soft (4), if you are friendly, you will be sycophantic (5), it will be a loss." "The Analects of Confucius? Ji Shi Chapter" Notes ① loss: damage. ② forgive: faithfulness. ③ be friendly: flattery. ④ Kindness and softness: flattery to the face, slander behind the back. ⑤Flattery: flattering words. Translation: Confucius said: "There are three kinds of beneficial friends, and there are three kinds of harmful friends. Make friends with upright people, make friends with honest people, and be knowledgeable together." It is beneficial to make friends with broad-minded people. It is harmful to make friends with people who flatter you, to make friends with people who compliment you in person and to slander people behind your back, and to make friends with people who flatter you." You cannot interpret life without friends. "What a joy it is to have friends from far away! "The joy of making friends and learning. "Loyalty is the main thing, and there is no friend who is worse than yourself." You can't make friends with people who are not loyal and trustworthy. Confucius has repeatedly warned about the joy of making friends and the caution in choosing friends. This chapter also warns us that "the one who benefits is the best." "Three friends, three friends who are harmful", there are three kinds of friends who are beneficial, and there are three kinds of friends who are harmful. An honest friend can help you achieve benevolence. A straightforward person can speak the right words and remonstrate directly. "Friends help benevolence", forgiveness, integrity. Honest friends He is your support. Those who forgive can be loyal and not deceived. "Believe and others will do whatever they want." Friends who are well-informed can help you gain knowledge and wisdom by discussing knowledge. Those who are well-informed can understand the important points of politics. "We will make friends through literature." 5. Please translate this ancient text.
Tao Qian, whose courtesy name is Yuanming
Or Yun Yuanming, whose courtesy name is Yuanliang.
Great-grandfather Kan. Qian Shao, the great Sima of the Jin Dynasty, had a good taste. He tasted "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu" and said, "I don't know who the gentleman is. I don't know his surname. There is a Wuliu tree next to my house, so I thought it was called Yan." p> Quiet and talk little, not interested in glory and wealth. He likes to read and does not ask for deep understanding. He happily forgets to eat when he understands.
He is addicted to alcohol and his family is poor. If you drink it, you will be drunk. Once you are drunk, you will leave it.
The ring is blocked by the wind and the sun; the short brown knot is worn, and the basket is often empty. Yan Ru also enjoyed the article to express his ambition.
He forgot his gains and losses and ended his life with this. People at the time called it a true record.
, He started serving as a state official, but he was not able to serve as an official. After a few days, he was dismissed and returned to the state. .
He said to his relatives and friends: "Is it okay to talk about Yu Xian Song as a resource for the Three Paths?" "When the deacon heard about it, he thought Peng Ze had ordered him to do it. He asked the officials to plant rice in the public field, and his wife insisted on planting rice seedlings, so he ordered two hectares and fifty acres to be planted to rice seedlings, and fifty acres to be planted to rice seedlings.
The county sent the governor to post When he arrived at the county, the official Bai Ying tied up his belt and saw him. Qian sighed and said, "I can't bend my back to the villagers for five pecks of rice!" "I resigned from my post with my seal ribbon on that day, and wrote the poem "Return to the Return".
The poem says: Come back to the countryside, the countryside is deserted, and the Hu is not coming back? Since I regard my heart as a form of service, I am ridiculed, melancholy and sad! Enlightenment! The past is not admonished, but the one who knows what is coming can be chased; in fact, the lost road is not far away, and I feel that what I am now is not what I was yesterday. The boat is so far away that it floats lightly, and the wind is blowing and my clothes are blowing.
I asked Zheng Fu about the way forward. , I hate the dim light of the morning. I look at the house, and I am eager to welcome you. The three paths are deserted, and the pines and chrysanthemums are still there.
Bringing children into the house, drinking wine will stop the respect. He took the pot and drank it by himself, looking at the court to enjoy his beauty.
Leaning against the south window and feeling proud, it is easy to rest your knees when looking at your appearance. The garden becomes interesting because of the sun. Although the gate is set up, it is always closed.
The old man should be encouraged to be vigilant, and his head should be straightened to look far away. The clouds have no intention to come out of Xiu, and the birds know when they are tired of flying.
The scenery is blurry and it is about to enter, and the lonely pine is caressing and lingering. Come back and come back, please rest and make friends and never travel again.
The world seems to have left me behind. How can I ask for my return? Speak affectionate words to relatives, play musical instruments and write books to relieve worries. The peasants told me that in the spring, something would happen in Xichou.
Some are hit by a car, or a boat is lost in mourning; they both sneak through the ravines, and also pass through the rugged hills. The trees are flourishing and the springs are beginning to trickle.
When I receive all kinds of good things, I feel grateful for the journey of my life. It's almost over, how long will it take for Yu Xingyu to recover? Are you willing to stay or leave? What does Hu want to do? Wealth and honor are not my wish, and an imperial homeland cannot be expected.
If you have a good time, you can go alone, or you can plant a stick and work hard. Climb Donggao to soothe the whistle, and compose poems near the clear stream.
Talking about the multiplication and returning to the end, Yuefu’s destiny returns to ridicule! At the end of Yixi, he recruited Zuo Lang, but he failed. Wang Hong, the governor of Jiangzhou, wanted to know him, but he couldn't.
When Qianchang went to Mount Lu, Hong ordered Qian to take the wine utensils owned by his old friend Pang Tong and ask for them halfway through Lili. There was a latent foot disease, which caused one of the students to give birth to two children. When they arrived, they were happy to have a drink.
Even if it is a long time, there is nothing left. First, Yan Yanzhi was a meritorious officer of Liu Liu's army, working with Qian Qingqian in Xunyang, and then he was in Shi'an County. He passed by and made Qianqing every day.
Every time I go, I will drink to the point of drunkenness; before I leave, I will leave 20,000 yuan with Qian; I will send Qian to the restaurant and pick up the wine later. There was no wine on September 9th. I left the house and sat among the chrysanthemums for a long time. I was waiting for Hong to send me wine. Even if I did, I would get drunk and then return.
Qian can't understand the sound, but the animal plays a qin without strings. Whenever he has a drink, he often touches it to convey his meaning. Those who are made by nobles and lowliest are always willing to drink wine.
If Qian is drunk first, he will say to the guest: "I am drunk and want to sleep, you can go." This is true.
The county general is waiting for the wine to be cooked, and when the wine is ripe, he takes the Ge scarf on his head to drink the wine, and then puts it back on again. The traces of a weak and impoverished career as an official were traced back to the time when the great-grandfather became the prime minister and assistant minister in the Jin Dynasty, and he humiliated his descendants. Since the great-grandfather, the king's career gradually grew and he no longer wanted to serve.
The articles written are all titled with their year and month. Before Yixi, the reign name of the Jin family was written. Since the beginning of Yongchu, it has only been mentioned as Jiazi. He wrote to Zi to express his ambitions and give instructions, saying: Heaven and earth have given a destiny, and it must come to an end. Since ancient times, sages and sages, who can be exempted from it? Zixia said: "Death and life have destiny, wealth and honor are in heaven."
The four friends received the message personally. Those who talk about this, are they not too poor to ask for anything in vain, and they will never ask for help from others? I am over fifty years old, but I am poor, my family is poor, and I travel east and west.
He is clumsy in nature and has many conflicts with things. If you think about yourself, you will cause harm to the world.
g俛passed away, leaving you young and hungry. I often appreciate the words of Ruzhong and his virtuous wife. If you support yourself when you are defeated, why should you be ashamed of your son? This is the same thing.
But I hate my neighbor, my second wife, my wife, my wife, I have worked so hard for this, and I have nothing to do with my kindness. When young people read books, they love to be quiet. When they read a book, they happily forget to eat.
When you see trees shading each other, and the birds change their voices, you feel happy again. He once said that he would lie down under the north window in May or June, and when the cool breeze came for a while, he would say that he envied the emperor.
The sun and the moon pass by with a shallow consciousness, and I look back on the past. How can I be so ignorant! Since the illness, it has gradually declined, but I have never left behind my old friends. Every time I use medicine and stone to save me, I am afraid that my fortune will be limited. I hate that you are young, poor and helpless, and how can you be spared from the labor of firewood and water? What can I say if I think of it in my heart? Although we are not born in the same place, we should think about the meaning of being brothers everywhere.
Uncle Bao and Jingzhong have no guesses when it comes to dividing their wealth; Guisheng and Wuju have old ways of Banjing; they can turn defeat into success and make meritorious deeds due to loss. Others are worthy of you, let alone your father! Han Yuanchang, Yingchuan, was a famous scholar in the early Han Dynasty. He was in the position of a minister. He died in his eighties. He lived with his brothers and had no teeth.
Jibei Si was a young man, a well-behaved man during the Jin Dynasty. He had the same wealth for seven generations, and his family had no complaints. "Poetry" says: "The high mountains stand still, and the scenery stops."
You are so cautious, what can I say! He also added a poem to "Mingzi" and said: "My ancestors are from the Tao Tang Dynasty." Visiting as a guest of Yu, I have paid tribute to you through the ages.
Yulong Qinxia, ??Bowei Yishang. Mu Mu Situ, the Jue clan is prosperous.
During the Warring States Period, the Zhou Dynasty declined. The phoenix is ??hidden in the forest, and the secluded person is in the hill.
The flying dragon scratches the clouds, and the whale rushes into the current. There are Han people in Tianji, and they are attached to Minhou.
If you are dignified and dignified, your fortune should be climbing the dragon. The sword is drawn forward, showing off the martial arts.
Visit the mountains and rivers and head to Kaifeng. Prime Minister Qi Qi, Yun Di's whereabouts.
Hunhun long source, Weiwei Hongke. The rivers and rivers carry guidance, and the many channels carry guidance.
There are silent words from time to time, and luck is solid and prosperous. In my country, Jin is in harmony with Changsha.
Huanhuan Changsha, Yixun Yide. The emperor has conquered me and conquered the southern country.
After his success, he resigned and returned home. He was not confused when he was favored. What is this heart? How close can it be? Respect my ancestors, be cautious to the end as you were to the beginning.
Zhifang Ertai, Huihe Qianli. The emperor's benevolence test is indifferent and empty.
Remembering the wind and clouds, I am very happy. I lament that I am so humble, but my vision is endless.
Gu is ashamed of his beautiful temples and stands facing the scenery. A crime of three thousand has no consequences.
I sincerely remember you, and I cried when I heard it. The divination of clouds and good days predicts good times.
The name is Yi, and the word is Er Qiusi. Wen Gong day and night, thinking about it now.
I still want to eat and drink, but I am willing to do it. Li Ye gave birth to a son and asked for fire.
Everyone with good intentions will ridicule me! Now that I have seen it alive, I really want to see it. People also have words, and their feelings are true.
The sun and the moon are gradually exempted.