I. The Earth and the Map
1, Earth and Globe:
(1) Evidence that the earth is a sphere;
(2) the size of the earth:
(3) The rotation and revolution of the earth and its geographical phenomena.
Geographical phenomenon caused by directional cycle
earth rotation
Earth revolution
(4) Longitude and latitude:
Important longitude and latitude lines: prime meridian, equator, tropic of cancer, South Arctic Circle.
Division of latitude and longitude and correct interpretation of latitude and longitude network: (determine the position)
The dividing line between the eastern and western hemispheres: the dividing line between the northern and southern hemispheres;
2. Map:
Three elements of (1) mapping:
(2) Interpretation of contour map:
(3) Drawing topographic profile.
Second, world geography: the best in the world
1, continent and ocean:
The names of seven continents and four oceans, their highest points, and the boundaries between continents.
The largest ocean (), the largest continent (). The dividing line between Asia and Africa () the dividing line between Asia and Europe () the dividing line between North and South America ().
Outline and distribution of seven continents. (Painting practice)
2. Land and sea changes: drawing with six boards. The formation of Xi Mountain, Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean.
3. Weather and climate:
The difference between weather and climate, common weather symbols.
Reading and drawing of temperature curve and precipitation histogram.
Vertical temperature drop rate (for every elevation increase 100 m, the temperature drops by 0.6℃. )
Main factors affecting climate (for example) (People's Education Edition, page 59)
4. Residents and settlements:
Calculation of population density:
Population issues (transportation, housing, employment, hunger)
Distribution of three major races. Distribution of three major religions. Settlement is not tested.
5. Development and cooperation: give examples of developing countries and developed countries. United Nations.
First, the proposition basis:
Curriculum standards and teaching materials (pay special attention to the activities of teaching materials), pay attention to ability examination and open examination questions.
Second, the test structure:
1. Question type: single choice accounts for 40%, and non-choice accounts for 60% (connecting, looking at pictures, reading materials, etc. )
2. Content ratio: 30-40% for the first volume and 60-70% for the second volume.
Third, the source of the topic:
1, activities in the textbook
2. The best in the world
3. Five key countries: Japan, Russia, the United States, Brazil and Australia.
1. Do you know the following world geography best? Please try to fill in:
1, the largest continent in the world is and the smallest continent is; The largest ocean in the world, the smallest ocean, and the "S"-shaped ocean.
2. The continent with the longest longitude span in the world is and the ocean with the longest longitude span in the world is.
3, the world's most populous continent is; The fastest growing continent in the world is also the slowest growing continent.
The top five countries in the world are,, and.
The top three countries in the world are, and.
6. The longest and largest mountain range in the world is, the longest mountain range in the world is and the highest mountain range in the world is; The highest mountain in the world is.
7. The highest plateau in the world is the largest plateau in the world.
8, the world's largest plain is; The largest basin in the world is:
The largest desert in the world is.
9. The world's largest continent, smallest continent, largest island, largest peninsula and largest archipelago.
10, the largest lake in the world, the largest freshwater lake group in the world, the largest freshwater lake in the world, and the deepest and largest freshwater lake in the world.
The lowest point of the world land is.
1 1, the four major rivers in the world are,,,.
12. What is the largest and widest river in the world?
13 is the most concentrated distribution area of overseas Chinese in the world. It is the largest producer of rubber, palm oil and coconut in the world.
14, the world's largest oil reserves, but also the largest oil production and export areas.
15, of all continents, the continent with the most tortuous coastline is; The straightest continent is.
16. The most industrialized country in the world is the biggest resource consumer and waste emitter.
17, the largest tropical rain forest on earth is located in. The coldest area on earth is.
Second, the geographical knowledge of the five countries:
1. Read the map of Japan and answer, and complete the following requirements:
(1) Fill in the names of the four major islands in Japan;
(2) Fill in the names of Pacific Ocean, Sea of Japan, Seto Inland Sea and Mount Fuji in the drawing;
(3) Fill in the names of Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, Osaka, Kobe and Kitakyushu;
(4) Simply analyze why there are many volcanoes and earthquakes in Japan.
(5) Analyze the characteristics and reasons of Japanese industrial layout.
2. Read the map of Russia and complete the following requirements:
(1) Mark the Asia-Europe boundary in red and fill in the names of mountains and rivers;
(2) Fill in the names of Pacific Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Bering Strait, Black Sea and Baltic Sea;
(3) Fill in the names of Eastern Europe Plain, Western Siberia Plain and Central Siberia Plateau in the drawing;
(4) Read the rivers and lakes represented by the letters in the picture: a-b-c-d-.
(5) Read out the names of the mining areas represented by the numbers in the figure: ①-City and Port G-H.
(6) Russian territory spans eastern Europe and northern Europe. The terrain is divided into two parts, east and west, with-in the west and-in the east. Topographic features are-high-low.
(7) Compared with Japan, the distribution characteristics of Russian industrial zones are-the reason is-.
3. Read the map of Australia and complete the following requirements:
(1), Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Great Divide, great basin, murray river, Red Tropic of Capricorn.
(2) The city represented by the letters in the picture is A-B-C B-C.
The population and cities in Australia are mainly distributed in-areas.
(3) Australian agriculture is dominated by industry and agriculture, and the main export agricultural products are industry and agriculture. Australia is rich in mineral resources, and the main export minerals are-and-. Therefore, they are called "countries" and "countries".
(4) Why are there many ancient creatures in Australia? Try to analyze it briefly.
4, read the map of the United States to complete the following requirements:
(1) Rocky Mountains, Appalachian Mountains, Mississippi River, Great Lakes, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Canada, Mexico.
(2) Among the 50 states in the United States, the main part is located in the-belt, and the state through which the Tropic of Cancer passes is the state through which-and the Arctic Circle pass.
5. Read the map of Brazil and complete the following requirements:
(1) Fill the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Amazon River, Amazon Plain, Brazil Plateau and Itaipu Hydropower Station, and draw the Tropic of Capricorn and Equator in red.
(2) Amazon River is the largest river in the world, and there are ①-②-reasons for its large flow.
(3) Among the five zones, most of Brazil is located in the-zone, and the climate is dominated by-climate and-climate.
(4) The distribution characteristics of cities and population in Brazil are-; The reason is.
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It is suggested that the landlord look at the catalogue in front of the textbook and review according to the key points the teacher usually says!