Ceramics, English: China. China people invented pottery as early as about 8000-2000 BC (Neolithic Age). A vessel made of clay is called pottery, and a vessel made of porcelain is called porcelain. Ceramics is a general term for pottery, stoneware and porcelain.

The ancients called ceramics ou. All objects made of clay with different properties, such as pottery clay and porcelain clay, can be called ceramics after proportioning, molding, drying and baking.

2. woodcut

China woodcarving originated in the Neolithic Age, and there was woodcarving in Hemudu, Yuyao, Zhejiang more than 7,000 years ago. The woodcarving skills in Qin and Han dynasties tended to be mature. Colored woodcarving marks that ancient woodcarving technology has reached a fairly high level.

Wood carving is a kind of sculpture, which is often called "folk craft" in China. Wood carving can be divided into three categories: three-dimensional round carving, root carving and relief carving. Wood carving is a kind of work separated from carpentry, which is classified as "joinery" in China.

Folk art varieties classified by carving materials. Generally, nanmu, rosewood, camphor, cypress, ginkgo, agarwood, mahogany, longan and other excellent and tough tree species are selected.

The natural art of tree root carving is "tree root carving". Wood carving includes round carving, relief, carving or a combination of several techniques. Some people also paint to protect wood and beautify it.

Step 3 Embroidery

Embroidery is a general term for all kinds of decorative patterns embroidered on fabrics with needles and threads. There are two kinds of embroidery: silk embroidery and feather embroidery. It is a decorative fabric with embroidery marks by puncturing silk thread or other fibers and yarns on embroidery materials with certain patterns and colors with needles.

This is an art of adding people's design and production to any existing fabric with needles and threads. Embroidery is one of the traditional folk handicrafts in China, which has a history of at least two or three thousand years in China. Chinese embroidery mainly includes Su embroidery, Xiang embroidery, Shu embroidery and Yue embroidery.

Embroidery techniques include: wrong needle embroidery, disorderly needle embroidery, net embroidery, ground embroidery, silk locking, silk picking, brocade picking, Ping Jin, shadow gold, plate gold, velvet laying, velvet scraping, yarn poking, thread sprinkling and flower picking.

The uses of embroidery mainly include life and artistic decoration, such as clothing, bedding, tablecloth, stage and artwork decoration.

4. Paper-cutting

Paper-cutting is a traditional art in Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Yunnan and Shaanxi provinces. Paper-cutting is a folk art, which uses scissors or carving knives to cut and carve patterns on paper to decorate life or cooperate with other folk activities.

In China, paper-cutting has the widest mass base, which is integrated into the social life of people of all ethnic groups and is an important part of various folk activities. In 2006, paper-cutting was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

5. Chinese knot

Chinese knot is a unique hand-woven handicraft in China, and its emotion and wisdom are only one aspect of ancient civilization in China. It was first knotted by sewing clothes in the Paleolithic Age, and then extended to the ritual records of the Han Dynasty, and then evolved into today's decorative techniques.

Jade articles worn by Zhou people are often decorated with Chinese knots, and bronzes in the Warring States period also have patterns of Chinese knots. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that Chinese knots really became a popular art among the people.

Nowadays, it is mostly used to decorate gifts and personal ornaments indoors and between relatives and friends. Because of its symmetrical and exquisite appearance, it can represent the long history of China and conform to the customs and aesthetic concepts of traditional decoration in China, so it is named Chinese knot.

Chinese knots include: double money knot, ox knot, pipa knot, group gold knot, cross knot, auspicious knot, swastika knot, coiled knot, algae well knot, double connection, trick knot and so on. Chinese knots represent unity, happiness and peace, especially among the people.