1, the brutal invasion of Huns

Xiongnu is a nomadic tribe, originally living in an area near the Caspian Sea. However, the people of this tribe were dissatisfied with this situation. They launched a barbaric attack on the surrounding areas of the Roman Empire, which also led to a large-scale personnel flow.

From 376 to 476 AD, the Roman Empire triggered a great migration, which was called "national wandering". This migration made the Goths, Vandals and Asians migrate to Germanic countries, which weakened the strength of the Roman Empire.

2. Atlantic slave trade

15-/kloc-During the 0/9th century, merchants transported slaves from West Africa to the New World and America, and slaves had to work in coffee, cocoa, cotton and tobacco plantations.

The slave trade is one of the biggest immigrants in history. A large number of black people were transported to some European countries, sold in local markets and became someone's property, which is a black material in European history.

3. Puritan immigrants

The Puritans immigrated to New England from 1620 to 1640. At that time, British immigrants were mainly Puritans, who moved to Massachusetts and Barbados in large numbers.

In Britain, immigrants felt that King James I and later King Charles I were threatened, and they were on the verge of religious conflict. Puritans fled mainly to find a place where they could freely practice their religious beliefs.

4. California Gold Rush

The period from 1848 to 1855 is called the California gold rush. The craze began when James Marshall discovered gold in his factory in Sutter, California.

After hearing the news, people from neighboring areas flocked to California to look for gold. The number of these "gold explorers" soon reached 300,000, including Europeans, Australians, Asians and Latin Americans, which was one of the most famous human migrations in history.

5. African-American immigrants

The Great Migration of Black Americans took place between 19 10 and 1970, when about 6 million black people moved from the south to the north.

They moved from Texas, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi and other 65,438+00 southern states to the northeast, midwest and west states. This migration of African-Americans has become one of the largest immigrants in history and led to the urbanization of the black population.

6. New Great Migration

The new great migration is an opposite process. What happened to African Americans between 19 10 and 1970? The new period of American immigration, which began at 1965, shows the change of immigration pattern. African-Americans left the northeast and midwest of the United States for the south.

The "New South" attracts a large number of black immigrants with its affection and low cost of living.

7. Partition of India

From 1858 to 1947, India was ruled by Britain, that is, Muslims coexisted with Hindus and Sikhs for a long time, but this situation changed after the division of India in 1947.

The British left split India into two independent countries: India and Pakistan. This incident triggered a large-scale migration of Muslims to West Pakistan, East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), Hindus and Sikhs, most of whom moved to India.

8. Population migration in the Soviet Union

From 1920 to 195 1, the Soviet population migration ranked third on this list. The purpose of this migration is to fill the ethnically cleansed territory and transfer the labor force to sparsely populated areas. According to statistics, this forced migration led to the migration of about 6 million people, resulting in about 6.5438+0.5 million deaths.

9. Mexican immigrants

Since the beginning of the 20th century, due to the country's demand for labor and the political turmoil in Mexico, the Mexican population began to emigrate to the United States. Although the immigration laws of the United States have changed in the past few years, Mexicans remain the largest immigrant group in the United States. Compared with 65,438+0,980, the population of Mexico reached 2.2 million, and in 2065 it was 438+065,438+06,000.

10, Syrian refugee crisis

The Syrian refugee crisis is the largest migration in history, which is a continuous crisis and an example of a large-scale migration movement. A large number of refugees fled Syria and neighboring countries, making the population of some European countries reach 65.438+0.58 billion in September 2065.438+05. According to CNN, this figure is almost half of the population of the United States.

Extended data:

Immigrants in China:

1, "Yongjia mourning" period

During the Yongjia period of the Western Jin Dynasty, the decadent rulers brutally exploited and oppressed people of all ethnic groups, which led to the displacement of people in the Yellow River basin and forced them to migrate to the Jianghuai basin on a large scale.

The population moving south is about 900,000, which has changed the pattern of large population in the north and small population in the south since Qin and Han Dynasties. The population in the south has increased rapidly, which has promoted the rapid economic development in the south. This is a landmark event that the population distribution center of China has shifted to the Yangtze River basin. So it's called "Dressing South".

2. "An Shi Rebellion" Period

In the Tang Dynasty, about 6,543,800 people moved south, which fundamentally changed the population distribution pattern in China with the Yellow River basin as the center of gravity, and the population distribution ratio between the north and the south of China reached a balance for the first time. ?

3. During the "Jingkang Rebellion"

It happened in the Northern Song Dynasty. 1 125, Jin destroyed Liao and began to attack the northern song dynasty in the south. The Yellow River basin has become the main battlefield. Every major war has caused a large number of residents in the Yellow River basin to migrate to the Yangtze River basin, mainly to Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei and Sichuan. This is the biggest stage of population migration in the late Northern Song Dynasty.

4. Jin Yan Hong Liang period

1 16 1 Jin tore up the contract with the Song Dynasty and invaded the south on a large scale. The Huaihe River basin became the main battlefield, forcing the residents of the Huaihe River basin to move south to the Yangtze River basin, mainly to Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hunan and Jiangxi.

5. The period of "Mongolian soldiers invading south"

After Kublai Khan and others arrived at Khan's position, 1273, a large number of Mongolian soldiers invaded the south and launched a war to destroy the Southern Song Dynasty. The main battlefield is in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In order to escape the war, a large number of local residents moved to the Pearl River Basin, mainly in Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian.

6. During the period of "going west and going east"

/kloc-In old China in the late 20th century, after the invasion of Russian and Japanese imperialism, the two countries competed to expand their power in the northeast, build railways and plunder resources, which required a lot of labor, forced North China to go bankrupt, and farmers moved to the northeast, especially Shandong and Hebei provinces.

During 1923- 1930, 3 million people moved to the northeast, and in 1937, the number reached 700,000. In addition, there are many farmers in Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang in the northwest, such as Henan and Shaanxi provinces.

7. During the period of "Southeast Coast Down to the South Sea"

After the European and American capitalism invaded Southeast Asia, in order to plunder the resources of Southeast Asia, they recruited bankrupt farmers from China as the labor resources for developing colonies and sold labor from China, which led to a sharp increase in the population of Southeast Asia.

The plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is the birthplace of the Chinese nation. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, the population of China has spread from the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River to the surrounding areas, with emphasis on the Yangtze River basin and the Pearl River basin in the south.

The population migration caused by "An Shi Rebellion" fundamentally changed the geographical distribution pattern of China's population, making the population in the south surpass the population in the north for the first time, and the population distribution center in China shifted from the Yellow River basin to the Yangtze River basin for the first time.

The most direct causes of population migration in the history of China are migration, war and natural disasters. For example, in the history of our country, every time there is a war or famine, it will cause a large-scale population migration.