The city of Shanghai is like a living organism. Looking down from the air, the criss-crossing roads are like arteries, dividing the city into several communities; Within each residential area, there are many small passages between buildings, which are densely distributed all over the city, as small as capillaries but full of vitality. Different times, different regions and different nationalities have different names for these small passages, and Shanghainese call them "alley".
"Lane" ancient Chinese characters "Lane Tang".
"Tang" is the main road in front of the ancient court or ancestral temple. This Chinese character appeared in the Book of Songs more than two thousand years ago. It had many meanings in ancient Chinese. Later, as a "road", this meaning was gradually diluted by history. In modern times, people can't remember the connection between the word "Tang" and architecture, so they use another interesting Chinese character "Tang" instead. "Tang" used to be a name for a room, which had little to do with roads and alleys. However, in modern Chinese, it is more closely related to architecture than "Tang" and homophonic with "Tang", so "Lane" has evolved into "Lane".
In fact, it is not only Shanghainese who call it "Lane", but also the Jiangnan area of China. However, the alley can be as famous as the hutong in Beijing, mainly because of the rise of a large number of alley houses in modern Shanghai.
In ancient China, the area divided by roads in the city was called Li Fang. Li Fang is usually a basic administrative unit, including houses, temples and official residences. Residential buildings are built by themselves, so the buildings in a square are different. The owner of a house is usually the user, and the ownership and use right are often integrated. This situation was almost without exception in China until the middle of19th century.
Specific naming, alley is called ×× alley or square, garden, village, village and even new village, garden, other industries, villas, etc. Like ancient Li Fang, Lane is a complex of many buildings, which are also built in residential areas divided by urban roads. But unlike Li Fang, every community has one or several alleys; The shape and structure of single buildings in each lane are basically the same, and generally English multi-row type is adopted, with a row of usually about ten buildings. The combination of rows generally adopts determinant, and only a few of them are arranged according to local conditions and topography. In this new hutong, the space between rows of buildings is called hutong.
Early and late Shikumen
According to the statistics in the early 1950s, the number of houses in Shanghai Lane ranks first in China. There are about 9,000 lanes and about 200,000 residential units, including about 150 large lanes and 200 residential units. Alley-style houses account for about 65% of the total residential area in Shanghai, among which there are more old Shikumen houses and new Shikumen houses. The old Shikumen is named after its front is a closed door wall similar to a warehouse. Basically born out of traditional quadrangles and three-dimensional courtyards. Generally, each building has two floors, two floors and two floors, and the living area is 100 to more than 200 square meters, which is more suitable for large families. This kind of house is very popular because it doesn't occupy as much land as traditional houses, nor is it as expensive as European and American houses. But before and after the First World War, the family structure of Shanghai residents generally changed, and the old Shikumen dwellings gradually declined. This residential style is rare in Shanghai at present.
Xinshikumen
The new Shikumen residence was rebuilt from the old Shikumen, and was built in large quantities after 19 19 years. It was mainly changed to one floor and one bottom, and the number of living rooms was reduced to meet the needs of the disintegration of large social families and the emergence of small families with a lot of productive labor at that time. This is the most common type, which can almost be said to be a typical sample of Shanghai folk houses. Later, the new-style Lane residence focused on further defining the use functions, including living room, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom, sanitary equipment and gas stove. The wall in front of the house is very low and there is a small yard. The appearance of the building tends to modern western style, which is suitable for citizens with richer economic income.
The width of hutong was generally only about three meters in the early Shikumen Lane residential group, but it was expanded to about four meters after the popularization of rickshaws. Later, due to the need to consider the entry and exit of cars, some new lanes were expanded to five or six meters. But this is by no means a common phenomenon, because for residents, enjoying such a spacious alley must be at the expense of high rent.
Overhead projection across the driveway
In order to make full use of space, Shanghai's alley buildings have two characteristics: pavilions and street buildings. The pavilion is located between the first floor and the second floor or between the second floor and the third floor, often above the kitchen and at the corner of the stairs. The room is low and cramped, and it is sultry in summer. Compared with this, this street building is a little better, but in the upper space of the alley (there are several in the alley), it seems to be suspended in the air, which is a bit weird.
A scene in an alley
The rapid development of alley life in Shanghai coincides with a large number of immigrants from all over the country flocking to Shanghai, which can be said to be a mixture of five parties, and the diversion of southern accent to northern accent. Many immigrants brought their original customs and lifestyles. They speak their hometown dialect, eat their hometown dishes and listen to their hometown operas. Shanghai Fang's lifestyle, which combines lifestyles from all directions, still maintains obvious life characteristics in the south of the Yangtze River. This is because Shanghai, after all, is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Delta, which is obviously influenced by geography. Most of the citizens come from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. The early old Shikumen and New Shikumen Lane dwellings were still born out of the traditional dwellings in the south of the Yangtze River. There are almost no public urinals in some alleys, and there are domestic toilets, which are the characteristics of Jiangnan area. Especially the toilet, as a sanitary ware, as long as you live in this alley, do as the Romans do, and every family must have it. Jiangnan area has always been densely populated, and the high population density in Shanghai is even more rare. Therefore, the alleys in the traditional areas of Jiangnan and most of the alleys in modern Shanghai are relatively narrow, with rows of residential buildings next to each other. Especially some low-standard houses in Shanghai Lane have small room area and few indoor functions. Many family activities, such as washing in the morning, washing rice and picking vegetables, repairing things and so on, are carried out in the alley. Therefore, the alley has become a lively public space, greatly expanding people's outdoor communication opportunities, and neighbors are often intimate and help each other. Work together, enjoy the cool and bask in the sun together; When you have nothing to do, it is inevitable to talk about Shan Hai Jing, which is short and long until there is a contradiction and a quarrel. These local characteristics with traditional flavor have been preserved to this day.
A scene in an alley
In old Shanghai, what kind of house you live in is often an important symbol to evaluate a person's social status. Living in the same alley, the living standards of residents are generally close, and the gap between the rich and the poor will not be great. This is because in the society where housing is commercialized, rent accounts for a considerable proportion of a family's expenditure and has become a symbol of a family's living standard. What kind of income we have, what kind of living standard we will live in, and what kind of alley we will live in. In some literary works and movies that reflect the life of Shanghai residents in those days, we can see that if we want to reflect the changes in the living conditions of a family, the most concise way is to explain that the family has moved again and again, and the move is getting better and better, or the move is getting worse. In the past 40 years in Shanghai, the housing in Lane has undergone fundamental changes compared with that of that year: the commodity color of housing has faded. First of all, the rent is low, and the proportion of rent to household expenses has dropped significantly; Secondly, the rent difference of Lane House with different standards and different qualities has narrowed. In this way, rent is no longer a sign of family living standards. Citizens living in the same alley or alley may have very different living standards; Some residents living in alleys with lower standards have a much higher standard of living than those living in alleys with higher standards. Therefore, the change of alley lifestyle is more obvious.
In the past ten years, since China implemented the reform and opening-up policy, the lifestyle of Shanghai Hutong with local flavor is quietly changing because many household appliances have entered the homes of ordinary people. There is a heater in winter, so you don't have to go out to bask in the sun; There are electric fans and even air conditioners in summer. Although the team enjoying the cool in the alley is still eye-catching, it is not as spectacular as before. After the popularization of refrigerators, you don't have to go to the market to buy food every day, and there is less conversation than rubbing your shoulders. Many residents have added modern family entertainment such as TV sets, video recorders, karaoke machines and video games, so people don't have to go to the alley to chat after meals.
Shanghainese who were the first to enter the alley have lived in that narrow space for more than 0/00 years. Now some people have walked out of hutongs or are moving into new high-rise buildings. Of course, nearly half of Shanghainese still live in alleys.
Those who leave bring memories, while those who don't leave face reality.
(Shu Ren is taken from "Shanghai Impression")
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[repost] The evolution of alleys Where did alleys come from? This can be traced back to19th century.
After the First Opium War, Shanghai was turned into a "trading port" and foreigners were allowed to live and do business here. But "outsiders are not allowed to rent houses to China people", and the Daoshe uprising of 1853 changed this situation. In the concession, it is "legal" for foreign businessmen to engage in real estate business. At the same time, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement forced a large number of landlords, squires, wealthy businessmen and bureaucrats in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces to rush into the Shanghai Concession with their families to seek asylum. After a large number of Chinese entered the concession, it greatly stimulated the real estate business activities in the concession. Most foreign businessmen quickly transferred their business and interests to real estate management. Some early famous foreign firms, such as Lao Sha Xun, Jardine Matheson and Yanji, have invested heavily in real estate management.
Originally, the houses built in the concession and rented to China people were all made of wooden boards. This kind of rented wooden house generally adopts the overall layout of row by row, with the name of "Li", which is the prototype of Shanghai alley later. By 1863, there were 8,740 such houses under the name of "Li". After 1870, this simple wooden house was banned by the concession authorities because it was flammable and unsafe. However, because a large number of rented houses can bring the most important tax source to the concession authorities, the real estate business activities have not stopped, but have become more and more prosperous. However, the early simple wooden house was completely replaced by a new type of house-Shikumen Lane. Since then, the alley has officially stepped onto the stage of Shanghai's urban construction activities and played an increasingly important role.
After the simple wooden houses were banned, new houses built with traditional "vertical column" wooden structures and brick walls in China began to appear in the Shanghai Concession. This kind of house is much more formal and durable than the early wooden houses. Its plane and space are closer to the traditional two-story and three-story quadrangles in the south of the Yangtze River, which is more suitable for the permanent residence of China residents. Although it can't compare with the traditional houses in the past, the courtyard is deep, and it is impossible to cut stones, enjoy flowers and fold willows, but it still maintains a regular living room, a quiet inner room upstairs and an ordinary hatchback, which is more suitable for those Shanghainese who have left the past pace of life and started modern urban life, but are more or less attached to the traditional life. This kind of folk house basically maintains the relatively closed characteristics of traditional folk houses in China. Although I live in downtown, I can form my own system and unite the front behind closed doors. So this "door" is becoming more and more important. It always has a stone door frame with solid planks with black paint and a pair of copper rings. This architectural style is called "Shikumen" by Shanghainese. In order to distinguish it from the later new Shikumen dwellings, the early Shikumen dwellings were also called "old Shikumen". On the whole, "Shikumen" units are lined up, showing a western vertical housing layout. Between the rows of Shikumen houses, a series of "alleys" have been formed.
Early "old Shikumen"
Most of the earliest alley houses are located in the west of Huangpu River, east of Nichengbang (now Tibet Road), south of Suzhou River and north of the old city, which is today's Huangpu District. For example, it is built in 1872, located in Xingrenli, south of beijing east road, north of Ningbo Road and east of Henan Middle Road; Located in Gongshunli, Guangdong Road, and so on. By the beginning of the 20th century, there were still a large number of old Shikumen Hutong under construction. For example, Hongdeli, located in Zhejiang Middle Road and Xiamen Road; Zhaofuli, located in hankou road and Henan Middle Road; Li Fuxiang is located between Guangxi Road, Yunnan Road and Fuzhou Road, and so on.
19 At the end of the 20th century, influenced by the houses in the Lane in the concession, a large number of houses in the Lane began to be built inside and outside the old city of Shanghai. Such as Sheep Lane, Dunren Lane and Li Jixiang in Heather Dou Shi Street. In addition, there is a house in an alley in Hudong area, and the simulation is relatively simple. This kind of alley is usually a single room and two stories high. It looks like an old-fashioned house in Guangdong, and it is called "Guang-style alley". For example, the Eighth Generation Head of Tongbei Road, which was built around 1900, is a typical example of early Cantonese alley. After the 20th century, Shanghai's real estate business activities became more active. In addition to the established Shaxun Foreign Firm and Jardine Matheson Foreign Firm, most of them have turned their main business to real estate management, and new real estate developers have mushroomed. For example, Harbin Foreign Firm 190 1 opened, American Chinese Construction Company 1902 opened, and Bishang Yipin Real Estate Company 1905 opened, all of which were very influential real estate developers at that time. Stimulated by a large number of rising real estate industries, alley houses are unprecedentedly prosperous, and their distribution in cities is also greatly expanded.
Later Shikumen
In this century 10, some changes have taken place in Shanghai Shikumen Hutong. The scale of hutong is bigger than before, and the plane, structure, form and decoration are different from the original Shikumen Hutong. The unit occupies a smaller area and the plane is more compact. The traditional three-bay and five-bay plane forms are rarely used, but a large number of single-bay and double-bay planes have been replaced. In ancient Shikumen houses, brick walls are often used to replace traditional columns to bear the load. The walls are mostly blue bricks or red bricks, but they are rarely painted with lime as in the past. Shikumen itself is more decorative, but the traditional decorative themes in China are gradually decreasing, and more and more decorative themes are influenced by western-style architecture. This kind of hutong is called "New Shikumen Lane" or "Later Shikumen Lane". Its distribution is also wider than that of the old Shikumen Hutong. Typical examples are Baokangli in Huaihai Middle Road (19 14), Li Daqing in Nanjing East Road (19 15), Zhulianli in Beijing West Road (19 15) and Laohui Li Le in Yunnan Middle Road.
Xinshikumen
After World War I, Shanghai real estate entered a golden age. By 1930s, there were more than 300 real estate agents in Shanghai. The rise of real estate stimulated the prosperity of Shanghai's construction industry, and also brought another architectural climax of hutong architecture. The 1920s was the most prosperous period of the New Shikumen Hutong. Due to the rising land price and the high development of buildings, the traditional two-story Shikumen residence began to develop to three floors, and indoor sanitary equipment began to appear. The new Shikumen Hutong in this period, such as Shang Xian Square (1934), Siming Village (1928), Mei Lanfang (1930) and Fuming Village (193 1), all had considerable influence. While building a large number of new Shikumen Hutong, a new living form of Hutong-New Hutong-also evolved from it.
Jing 'an Mountain Villa (New Lane)
The new alley cancelled Shikumen as a living form, and the closed courtyard became an open or semi-open green courtyard. Formally, it imitates the western architectural style more than the traditional architectural style of China. All kinds of building equipment are also relatively complete. Its distribution also develops from the east to the west of the city. Verdun Garden (1925), Fei Xia Square (1927), Jing 'an Villa (1929) and Yongquan Square (1936) are among the most famous modern alleys.
Fangshang Garden (Huayuan Lane)
After 1930s, the new-style alley developed further, and a higher standard garden-style alley house evolved. This kind of residence has changed from a long strip to a semi-independent one, paying attention to the environmental greening between buildings. The interior layout and appearance are close to independent private houses, and the style is mostly Spanish or modern. For example, Fulv New Village built by 1936, Shanghuayuan by 1934, and Shanghai New Village by 1939.
Xinkang Garden and Yongjia New Village (Apartment Lane)
There are also some garden hutongs, which are not one or two in each house, but like apartments, each floor has one or several sets of units with different standards. This kind of Garden Hutong is also called "Apartment Hutong". For example, Xinkang Garden built in 1934 and Yongjia New Village built in 1940s. Garden-style alley and apartment-style alley, except for the overall layout and some patch layout characteristics similar to traditional alley, their building units can hardly be regarded as alley houses.
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The name of alley originated from thousands of alleys in modern Shanghai, and its names are varied and dazzling. Even common names are not limited to Li, Fang and Nong. In fact, there are villages, roads, gardens, villages, houses, alleys, new villages, hutongs and gardens. From some common names, we can also see the quality of alley specifications and the conception and interest of the namers. For example, those called "garden", "villa" and "other industries" are generally high-grade new houses in the alley, called "land", "village" and "garden". Most of the names have the meaning of seeking a quiet place in the city or expressing elegance, and the building conditions are generally good. As for proper names, most of them are decided by property owners, and there is no clear naming principle, and there is no regulation or restriction by local governments. Therefore, in old Shanghai, on the one hand, we can see that the names of alleys are confusing (or colorful), on the other hand, the size and number of alleys in Shanghai have also caused many phenomena of overlapping names. However, from a large number of names in the alley, we can still grasp its natural naming law.
Named after the owner's organization name, personal name or factors related to the owner.
After the property owner invested to build the Lane House, he named it after his surname and font size in order to show that the property right belongs to himself and not to others, or to advertise himself and become famous in the world. Some enterprises invested by real estate companies have used their own organization names to make the names of the lanes. Now Lane 450 of Nanjing West Road is built for Ye Rong Real Estate Company. This lane is called "Ye Rong New Village". Today, Changning Branch Road 104 Lane, 108 Lane and Changning Road 19 Lane are called "Changsheng Yili", "Changsheng Erli" and "Changsheng Lisan" respectively, because these three lanes were all built by Changsheng Construction Factory. Another example is Lane 965 of Liyang Road, which was built by Macquarie Bank, a British businessman, so it is called "Macquarie". Lane 46, 54, 62, 70 and 78 of Jiangsu Road were built by the Central Trust Company at 1932. At first, the village was named "Central Village", and later the Central Trust Company was renamed "Zhong Yi Trust Co., Ltd.", so the word "Central" was omitted and the village name was changed to "Zhong Yi Village".
In old Shanghai, there were many alleys built with personal investment, so they named them after their personal surnames or names. Wang Jianong, Qianjia, Zhoujiazhai and Gujia Garden are all named after surnames.
In Shanghai, there is another way to give your own alley a name, that is, break the surname, use a more explicit but not obvious method, or bring a little game flavor. Now Lane 269 of Xingfu Road was built by Luo in 1939. After the completion, he dismantled the traditional word "Luo" from top to bottom and named it "Siwei New Village". Lane 204 of Dongchang Road was jointly built by Chen and Zhang's in-laws in the 1920s. After the completion, the two families agreed to remove the radicals of the two surnames and synthesize Li's name, so this alley was called. As for alleys named after people, there are even more. The owner has his own name, his own role, or his own name. Some are named after themselves, such as "Yincun"; Others put both words in the name of the lane, such as "Si" and "Si Sheng", namely Yang Shusheng, a well-known local gentleman, enthusiastic scholar and philanthropist in Shanghai. This "Si Sheng Li" was funded by him.
In the way of naming an alley by name, another way is to add a word to the name to express the interest or desire of the property owner. At present, 68 lanes of Lane 476 of Changning Road were built by Chen Mou at 1920. When it was completed, he named it "Chen", which obviously had profound implications. Now Dongzhu Anbang Lane 23 1 was built by the owner at 1924. After its completion, he named it "Kun An Fang" with his first words "Kun" and "An" to express his desire for stability.
Some lane owners introduce the names or related words of the next generation into their own lanes in order to pass on the lane industry to future generations or benefit future generations. Now Houjiazhai 19 Lane was built by Jin. He took a word from his own name and his son's name and called it "Li Hongxing". Lane 74, North Tibet Road, was built for a construction factory, and the owner named it "Anyifang" in the name of the child. Today's Wanhangdu Road 1 170 Lane, formerly known as "Xinsenli", is an old-fashioned lane with 58 brick and wood structures invested by Xu Yu 192 1. After the completion, three daughters will be given as dowry, and the three daughters are "three daughters". These three words "gold" can be combined into a word "new", so this alley was named "new". The word "sen" consists of the word "wood", which means lush. Xu's wish is that all three daughters will be full of children and grandchildren in the future, and their wealth will be prosperous.
Some lanes were built by several people. In order to commemorate the start-up and express the ownership of property rights, the name of the lane was changed to the name of Italy. The name of Shanghai Lane is generally only one or three words (mostly two words), so it is impossible to make do with the names of all joint ventures, so it is changed to Italy. At present, Lane 209 15 of Panyu Road was built at 1932 by three people, including Pan Mou, and it was named "Sanyi New Village" to show the meaning of joint construction by the three people. Today's Happiness Road 29 1 Lane was jointly built by Shen, Wu, Gu and Si Wu. In order to express the intention of the four friends to contribute together, it was named "Four Friends New Village". Today, Lane Yan 'an West Road 1209 was built by Wang Xing and others at 1936. After the completion, it was named "Sanyi Village" because it was owned by three people and benefited together.
Named after its own characteristics and characteristics.
For example, the name of the lane is named after the native place of the main residents. Today's Jiaotong West Road 184 Lane, during the Anti-Japanese War, a group of Xi 'an people came to settle here, so this alley is called "Xi 'an Square". Today, Lane 830 of Zunyi Road was built by four families from Shandong after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. The four families named it "Li Lunan" after their native place. In Shanghai, you can also see lane names named after other places, such as Subei Lane, Jiangbei Lane, Taiyuan Square, Nantong Village, Jiangyin Lane and Ningbo Lane. They all come from the native places of the main residents in the lane.
In old Shanghai, there were many alleys without offices, and small factories, workshops, shops, small living facilities and entertainment places were opened. Some alleys are named after the institutions and enterprises in the alleys (or are going to be named after them). Now 49 1 Changning Road is called "Aiyuli" because the house in the lane is the office building of the "nursery". Today, Lane 58 of Pingwu Road used to be called "Gospel Village" and "Gospel" because the village is an affiliated house of Pingwu Road Church. Today, Wanhangdu Road 1254 Lane, formerly known as "Dingkangli". There used to be a Ding Sheng sauce garden workshop at 1920. Later, the workshop advocated building a house here, forming an alley. This alley was named "Ding Kangli" with the word "Ding" in the workshop. Others such as "miscellaneous alley" (now Lane 278 of Lujiapai Road and Lane 26 of WaiCang Qiao Street), "blacksmith alley" (now Lane 0/238 of Wanhangdu Road), "pawn alley" (now Lane l 152 of Wanhangdu Road) and "killing pigs" (now Lane 24 of Dongning Road) It is understood that there used to be toilets, iron shops, pawn shops and pig-killing workshops in these alleys.
Named after the architectural features and environmental features of Lane.
Today, Lane 69 1 Yan 'an West Road, because there are five swaying willows left in the original base, when building a villa here, it is called "Wuliu Villa"; Today, 805 Yuyuan Road was completed 1933. There are 32 three-story buildings in the lane, which are distributed in the east, south and west directions, and the entrance faces north. There is a circular flower bed in the center of the lane, which is dazzling with flowers, so the lane is named "Jinyuan"; Today, Lane 593 of Xinhua Road is also a garden-like alley with 20 houses of various colors, which is very ingenious. There is a plum blossom pool in the garden with a fountain in it, hence the name "Meiquan Villa". There are also people in Lane who are not named after their own characteristics, but after things around them. Today's Zhongshan Park used to be called Zhaofeng Garden, with Zhaofeng Village (now Yuyuan Road 1355 Lane), Zhaofeng New Village (now 678 Lane of Changning Road) and Zhaofeng Villa (now 7 Lane of Changning Road12 Lane) in the east and Yuanxi New Village in the west.
Most of the lanes are built along the street, and some lanes are named for convenience, that is, they are named after the road where the lanes are located, or their names are changed with the renaming of the roads. This situation was quite common in old Shanghai. Many roads have lanes named after roads. For example, there is a "Gonghe New Village" on Gonghe New Road; Guangfu 4th Road has Guangfu Xili; Changde Road has "Changde Square"; There is a "Danshui Village" on Danshui Road; There are several "Li Zhongshan" and "Zhongshan Village" on Zhongshan North Road. For example, Changde Road was originally named Hede Road and Changde Square was originally named Hede Square. 1943, "Hede Road" was changed to "Changde Road" and the name of the workshop was changed to "Changde Square".
The name of the alley bears the imprint of the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in old Shanghai.
Among a large number of names of Lane in Shanghai, we can see that they are named after Cai, Ren, De and Anji Shunping. Their feudal color is very strong, which fully reflects the desire of ordinary citizens to pursue wealth and stability at that time. This is a common social psychology in the money society and turbulent times.
Among the many names of Shanghai Lane, we can see that among the many names of Shanghai Lane, there are Fu, Bao, Fu, Gui, Qing, Rong, An, Chang, Shun, Ji, Shan, De and He.
According to statistics, in Shanghai, there are 279 lane names beginning with the word "Fu", 230 lane names beginning with the word "De" and as many as 365 lane names beginning with the word "Yong". Take the word "Yong" as an example. It has many characters. Those words that conform to the "forever" direction can be said to be basically rich, benevolent or Anji Shunping words. Among them, there are 56 lanes in the city named "Yong 'an"; There are 29 lanes in the city called "Yongqing"; There are 23 lanes named "Yongxing" in the city; There used to be 2 1 Lane Town under Yongji's name. Many phenomena show that the namers are particularly enthusiastic about these ideas.
It is common to name roads with words such as wealth, benevolence, virtue and Anji Shunping. In Shanghai, the building area between two roads generally consists of several lanes. In many of these buildings, the alleys where they are located are named after the concept of wealth and Anji Shunping. If we open the "Fine Map of Linong District in Shanghai" edited and published by Germany 1946, we can randomly dig out such a lot to illustrate this situation. At present, there are six lanes in the fourth section of Shunchang Road between Taicang Road and Xingye Road south of Huaihai Middle Road. Their names are Shengli Lane, Changde Lane, Li Fusheng Lane, Memory Dongli Lane, Dakangfang Lane and Qing Yu Lane. It is understood that the names of these six lanes belong to the lanes named after the above ideas.
In addition, it is worth mentioning that in the old society, based on the above ideas, a kind of abnormal concept of self-entertainment or passive transcendence was derived, which was embodied in the naming of Shanghai Lane. Some nominees deliberately look for elegant or meaningful words to name Ryan. There are also some advanced new alleys, especially those named after single names, which are particularly prominent. For example, Shanghai has Lu, Hermit Road, Juelu, Yiyuan Garden, Liuyuan Garden, Qiyuan Garden, Fishing Village, Jicun Village, du cun, Yushe Village, Kuanglu Village, Jingsi Road and Gengdu Village.