Careful observation, it is said that Sean has strategic insight: know who is our enemy and who is our friend; We also know how to unite our friends and fight our enemies. This insight comes from his insight into human nature: he can accurately and profoundly grasp the psychological essential requirements of all kinds of people and then take countermeasures to improve the situation. His important advice to Liu Bang is as follows:
1. It is suggested that Liu Bang set Hanwang base in Hanzhong instead of Bashu, burn back the plank road in Guanzhong and paralyze Xiang Yu.
After Xiang Yu claimed to be the overlord of the West Chu, he named Liu Bang Hanwang, and his fief was originally limited to Bashu, which is the Sichuan-Chongqing area south of Bashan today. In order to thank Sean for saving his life at the Hongmen banquet, Liu Bang gave Sean one hundred and twenty gold and two buckets of pearls. However, Sean gave all these treasures to Xiang Bo, asked him to work instead of Xiang Yu, and gave the Hanzhong area to Liu Bang. After Liu Bang knew it, he allocated a sum of money for Sean to give to Xiang Bo. In this way, Xiang Yu really sealed Hanzhong to Liu Bang, and gave Liu Bang a counterattack back to Guanzhong in the future, providing a frontier base. Sean's ideal at that time was to help Han Wangcheng. So he bid farewell to Liu Bang and returned to Korea. When he left, he suggested that Liu Bang burn the plank road on the inclined road to show his determination to never return to the East. Liu Bang acted according to the plan, which laid the groundwork for Han Xin's later "building a plank road and crossing the old warehouse". In these two suggestions, Sean took advantage of Xiang Bo's weakness of being easily impressed by wealth and goods and Xiang Yu's weakness of being easily deceived by superficial phenomena, and successfully achieved his goal.
2. It is suggested that Liu Bangli, Han Xin, Qing Bu and Peng Yue should be kings to establish the most powerful anti-Xiang Yu alliance.
In April 205 BC (the second year of Han Dynasty), Hanwang Liu Bang attacked Pengcheng, the capital of Xiang Yu. Unexpectedly, he was defeated and fled by Xiang Yu's "comeback", and even his father and wife fell into the enemy. On the way to escape, Liu Bang held the saddle and asked: I want to "donate" the land under control and find a collaborator who can defeat Xiang Yu together. Who do you think I should donate to? The so-called "donation" is a promise that whoever shoots a place will be the king of this place. The three people recommended by Sean are Liu Bang's general Han Xin, Xiang Yu's former leader Qing Bu and Qi Wang Tian Rong's valiant soldier Peng Yue. According to his plan, it was these three men who later helped Liu Bang defeat Xiang Yu. Sean suggested forming an alliance with these three men at the expense of tearing the land and sealing the king. Based on this judgment, he saw the outstanding military talents of these three men and their ambition to stand on their own feet as kings. They have military talent and should form an alliance; If you have the ambition to stand on your own feet as king, you can buy it by dividing up the land and sealing it off. It can be said that you chose the right person and used the right means.
3. It is suggested that Liu Bang stop enfeoffling the members of the old royal family of the six countries as kings.
In 204 BC (the third year of Han Dynasty), Liu Bang and Xiang Yu were at loggerheads in Xingyang, and Liu Bang's route of providing food was broken by Xiang Yu, and the situation was very difficult. When Liu Bang was ill, he went to the doctor and asked his subordinates for any good advice. He ate his advice and made the old royal families of the six countries, including Zhao and Wei, who were wiped out by Qin, king. They responded to Liu Bang, attacked Xiang Yu's flank, and resolved the immediate positive pressure. Starting from his plan, Liu Bang carved Wang Yin of six countries, so he prepared to put it into practice with a seal. At this time, Sean, who was away on business, came back. Hearing the news, he rushed into Liu Bang's tent. Liu Bang was eating, and Sean grabbed the chopsticks in his hand, so he gave Liu Bang eight pieces of advice, so he couldn't do that. The core one is: don't all the soldiers in Hanwang who fight side by side with you dream of winning one day, tearing apart the country and sealing the king? Now, once you make the descendants of the six royal families who have no political power at all king, your followers will be disheartened, and those descendants who have no power will not really harass Xiang Yu. Liu Bangfang suddenly realized that he was busy sending someone to recover the engraved seal and destroy it.
It is not easy for Sean to put forward this proposal. He was originally the son of a noble family in South Korea, and his ancestors were all prime ministers of South Korea for three generations. His initial goal in the anti-Qin struggle was to avenge the old Korea and rebuild the new Korea. It was not until Han Wangcheng, who he helped protect, was killed by Xiang Yu that he completely took refuge under the authority of Han Wangliu Bang. According to his old ideological logic, he should be in favor of restoring the title of king, the descendant of the royal family of the six countries. But at this time, Sean had thoroughly seen the historical trend that the six countries were dead and could not be resurrected, and resolutely abandoned the old ideal and turned to support Liu Bang to seize the world and establish a new unified country by enfeoffment of the existing powerful faction. This hint indicates that Sean has a keen sense of smell for historical trends.
4. Urge Liu Bang to enfeoffment the hero as soon as possible and stabilize the political situation in the early Han Dynasty.
After the defeat of Xiang Yu, although Liu Bang enfeoffed Xiao He, Sean and other great heroes, there was no movement for most of them, which made people talk privately and had great opinions. Sean learned about this situation and looked for opportunities to protest. One day, he accompanied Liu Bang for a walk on the Luoyang rostrum. Seeing many generals gathered on the beach outside the city, Liu Bang asked Sean, "What are they doing there?" Sean replied without thinking: "Are you discussing rebellion?" This is certainly sensational. Maybe people are just chatting there at this time, and Sean just put forward his own suggestions in this extreme way. Sure enough, Liu Bang then asked: "The world is difficult to be safe. How can they plan to rebel? " Sean replied: "The world is broken, but all the people who were enfeoffed by your majesty are closely related to you, such as Xiao He and Cao Can, and many people who used to have enemies with you have been executed. These generals in front of you may not be your close fellow villagers, but they have made great achievements. They are worried that they won't have their own share in the packet, or that they have offended you in the past, and they are afraid that you will find fault and kill them to avenge the old. Therefore, they got together to discuss the rebellion. " Liu Bang asked, "What should I do?" Sean replied, "First, enfeoffment a person who is recognized as having enemies with you, and then enfeoffment other generals as soon as possible. Who is your recognized enemy? " Liu Bang said, "Yong Chi, this boy has embarrassed me several times. I have long wanted to kill him. " Sean said: "Then seal the yongchi first." Liu bang immediately named yongchi the marquis of shifang, and ordered the prime minister, censor and other adults to make a reward and punishment plan as soon as possible. With a letter from Yongchi, the generals' doubts were dispelled and the mood of the army was stable.
The most commendable thing is that Sean understands all people's desires and demands, and can use this desire to control people and achieve his own goals. But he held a very detached and indifferent attitude towards his material interests, which was also praised by later generations. The so-called "unsuccessful" means that he is smarter than Han Xin and Xiao He.
In fact, Sean's ability to do this is mainly determined by his moral level, not by his wisdom. Han Xin also knew the truth that "a wily rabbit will die, and a running dog will cook", but he went his own way and took to the point of no return of rebellion. It is not that Han Xin lacks the ability to understand this truth intellectually, but that he lacks the moral power to restrain his ambition. Sean is different from Han Xin. He was born into a noble family. He is a pampered gentleman. He joined the anti-Qin "revolution" for the purpose of destroying Qin and restoring Korea, not for the personal purpose of making money for the Marquis. In other words, he is not the kind of speculator who joins the "revolution" for personal purposes. Li Baishen, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, who was also free and easy, knew this and praised Sean for "losing everything at home" in his poems. Such a noble son who once contributed his life to the "revolution" will certainly not fall into the boring routine of fighting for power and profit after the success of the "revolution". From this point of view, Sean was able to retire after his success, not because he had profound wisdom and strategy, but only because he adhered to his original idealistic goal.
It should be said that after conquering the world, Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang was not as generous as during the war. Xiao He, the prime minister who made the greatest contribution, only closed the waiting list of 8,000 households. When Liu Bang led a team to leave home for hard labor, others gave it to 300 yuan and Xiao He to 500 yuan, so Liu Bangduo sealed him two thousand households, barely making Xiao He a "waiting place for thousands of households". For Sean, Liu Bang is surprisingly generous. He thinks that Sean's contribution is still above that of Xiao He, and he gave 30,000 rich land to Sean. Sean declined this award, and his words of thanks were sincere and touching: "When I started my army in Xiapi, I met the emperor on the land. This is God's intention to send a minister to your majesty. Your majesty used my plan and succeeded by luck. Therefore, please seal the private land to the minister, and 30,000 ministers dare not accept it. " This passage shows that Sean doesn't care about the number of fiefs, but just wants to commemorate their friendship. Liu Bang agreed to this request, Sean was appointed to stay, and as many families as Xiao He were closed. It was because Zhang Liangben resigned from the title of Three Wan Huhou that he could not avert suspicion and urged Liu Bang to reward other soldiers at an early date in more extreme language. Moreover, after laying the world, Sean also tried to resign from all official positions. Although he still worked for Liu Bang, he was on call, and even went to the battlefield when he was sick, but he never had any official position.
In his later years, Liu Bang doted on Mrs. Qi, went out to March and fight, and often took Mrs. Qi with him. His wife, Empress Lu, stayed in the palace guarding the rear, but rarely saw Liu Bang. Liu Bang has made his son Liu a prince, but Liu Ying is too soft-hearted, and Liu Bang has a little disdain for him. Liu Bang felt that the son born to Mrs. Qi was somewhat like himself, and Mrs. Qi often cried and begged Liu Bang to consider the future of their mother and son. Liu bang moved the idea of changing the crown prince and put forward the idea of changing the crown prince to his ministers, not wanting to be unanimously opposed. Despite the opposition of ministers, Liu Bang still wants to go in this direction. Lv Hou is facing a serious political crisis and is very scared. So she sent her younger brother Lv Ze to stop Sean on his way out and take him home, forcing Sean to give an idea. Sean said: The emperor is determined to do such a thing. It's no use opposing it head-on. We must think of other ways. It is said that there are four famous ministers in the world who are known as "the good and the expensive" and are famous for their sages. Because I heard that the emperor priest was slow, I fled to Shangshan and was disloyal to the Han Dynasty. But the emperor attached great importance to these four people and invited them many times, but they were not invited. Now, if you spare no effort to let the prince write the book himself, send a glib speaker to invite them again and again respectfully, and invite four sages as the guests of the prince, with their help, you may be able to consolidate the position of the prince. Lv Ze reported the idea to Lv Hou, and Lv Hou immediately arranged for Lv Ze to carry out the plan. The prince himself wrote a book and sent someone to prepare a gift. Sure enough, four old people were invited to help the prince at home. BC 194 (11th year of Han Dynasty), Qing Bu, king of Huainan, rebelled, and Liu Bang fell ill, so he planned to send Liu Yuxin Ying to counter the rebellion. "The Four Noble Men" said to Lv Ze: "If a prince leads his troops to battle and wins, his status as a prince will be nothing; If defeated, it would be a catastrophe. Besides, the generals in the army are owls who once fought alongside the emperor. Now letting the prince command these people is tantamount to letting a sheep command a group of wolves. Where can you command it? It will be in vain. When the time comes, Mrs. Qi will have a chance to promote the abolition of the Prince, which will be in trouble. Therefore, Lv Hou must be invited to see the emperor immediately, crying and saying, "Qing Bu is a world-famous valiant soldier who is good at fighting. Now, because of His Majesty, the generals of our army are confident to attack Qing Bu. If the prince is allowed to lead troops to fight like a sheep and a wolf, our general has no confidence. If anyone can listen to the prince, Qing Bu will be very happy to know the news, and the soldiers will soon go west to Chang 'an. Although your majesty is ill, even if you lie in the car, you will know where you are, and you will definitely fight hard to pacify Qing Bu. " Lv Ze entered the palace overnight and made a report to Lv Hou. Lv Hou, in accordance with the instructions of "Shangshan No.4", immediately went to see Liu Bang and wept for him. Hearing this, Liu Bang felt that it really made sense, so he scolded: "I fucking knew this stupid boy was not enough, and I had to go by myself." So he took the disease and led the army to war. At that time, Sean was also very ill and reluctantly supported Liu Bang to see him off. He said to Liu bang, "I should have gone out with your majesty, but I was too ill." Chu people headed by Qing Bu are famous for their wild diseases. Your majesty should not fight them recklessly, but avoid their sharp edges and look for opportunities to annihilate them. Besides, your majesty can't go out, and no one is in charge at home. Please appoint the prince as a general, in charge of the Guanzhong military forces and support your majesty. " Liu Bang agreed to this proposal, and temporarily named Sean as the Prince of Shaofu to assist the Prince.
After putting down the rebellion in Qing Bu, Liu Bang became seriously ill and wanted to change the prince. Sean complained bitterly to his face, but he wouldn't listen. Uncle Sun Tong, the prince's teacher, even said that if he changed the prince, he would fight with death. Liu Bang perfunctory him face to face and said, "All right, all right, I won't change." But I'm still trying to figure out how to replace the prince. Water under the bridge. The prince must use his killer. One day at the heavenly banquet, the prince attended, and the "four noble people from the goodness" came together and sat behind him. Liu bang saw four elderly people who were over eighty years old sitting behind the prince, their hair and beard were white and they looked like saints. He asked who these four people were. On hearing this, Liu Bang said, "I have been recruiting you for several years, but you have been avoiding me.". How did you get mixed up with my son? " "Being kind and being expensive" said: "Your majesty despises literati and loves to call names. We can't stand this insult, so we can't avoid it. However, I heard that the prince is a kind and filial person who respects and loves the scholars. The world is full of necks, and the prince is dead, so we come to the prince. " Liu Bang said, "Well, I'll trouble you to train and help protect the prince. "At the end of the banquet, Liu Bang called Mrs. Qi and pointed to the back of the" four noble people "and said," With the help of these four people, the prince's wings have become. I want to change them, but I can't change them. In the future, Empress Lu will truly become your master. " Mrs. Qi cried, and Liu Bang had to leave with tears in his eyes.
The strong opposition of dozens of ministers did not shake Liu Bang's will to change the crown prince. Why did Liu Bang change his mind as soon as four reclusive old people appeared? Where is the core link of the Sean Plan? The reason is that Sean saw a "weakness" of Liu Bang. He is not afraid of ministers, but he is afraid of people all over the world. Liu bang will not disobey the wishes of the people all over the world. Liu Bang was well aware of the appeal of "being good and being expensive" to the people of the world at that time. Without the participation of these people, it is only a matter for the court to replace the prince. Now these people have been involved and made it clear that the "world" will defend the prince with death. If the prince is forcibly abolished, the generals who support the prince, with the support of public opinion, dare to launch a mutiny and cause national unrest. This is what Liu Bang has been unwilling to see, so he gave in.
From then on, Sean bid farewell to Liu Bang, saying that he was very satisfied with his cloth. Now that the world is at peace, he is willing to abandon worldly affairs and follow a fairy road called Red Pine Son to practice Buddhism in the mountains. Liu Bang agreed, and Sean fled to Baizishan near Chang 'an to learn "Guiding Valley" from several Taoist elders. To put it simply, he just eats wild vegetables and pine cones to maintain his life. It is said that this will make him as light as a swallow and eventually become a fairy. I think, with Sean's wisdom, I wouldn't believe these five-fan, three-way things. People are mortal and can't be immortal. With his wisdom, I wouldn't have thought that Liu Bang would invite "four noble people to be good" from his ideas, and he himself clearly opposed the replacement of the prince. However, Liu Bang suffered such a huge psychological setback and was heartbroken. It was inevitable that he would vent it on himself. So he apologized to Liu Bang in this kind of "self-mutilation" way. Liu Bang's letting him go may also be a way to accept his apology. In this regard, Lv Hou is uneasy. This strong-willed woman who once tortured her political opponents and rival in love has always been grateful to Sean. After Liu Bang's death, she sent someone to invite Zhang Liang back and advised him: "It's all over, don't torture yourself so much." After persuasion, Zhang resumed his normal diet and daily life. Later, he went to his fief-Liu (according to Mr. Chen's research, it is now Weishan Lake in Shandong) and died there at the age of 72. Sean was the same age as the great-grandfather Liu Bang, but he lived ten years longer than Liu Bang.
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