I. Renaissance

1. Time and place:14th century, Italy? From 15 to16th century, it expanded to other European countries and regions.

2. The root cause: the bud of Italian capitalist economy (economic base)

3. Essence: emerging bourgeois culture 4. Features: Publicity through classical culture 5. Guiding ideology: humanism.

6, on behalf of the task and its works:

(1) Dante (Italy), a pioneer of the Renaissance, whose masterpiece is the long poem The Divine Comedy;

(2) Renaissance artists-da? Finch (Italy), representative work: Mona Lisa and the Last Supper;

(3) Shakespeare (England), a literary master in the Renaissance, whose masterpieces include Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet.

7. Significance: Renaissance destroyed the spiritual dictatorship of the medieval church, promoted the prosperity of European cultural and ideological fields, laid an ideological and cultural foundation for the emergence of European capitalist society, and effectively promoted the transition of Western European society from feudal system to capitalist system.

Second, the opening of new routes.

1, root cause and other reasons

① Roots: the capitalist economy is budding and the commodity economy is active;

② Other reasons: Kyle? Polo's adventure, the progress of shipbuilding technology, the popularization of earth circle theory and the wide application of compass.

2. Process:

(1) Diaz-Portuguese-1487-1488-opened the route from Europe to the Indian Ocean and found the Cape of Good Hope;