There is a bookstore near the Third Ring Road in Beijing called "I don't quite understand". Good name! It is important to buy books and read books. Read and learn enough. What the ancients said was generally right. When not studying, Kan Kan seems to know everything about astronomy, geography and personnel. When he opened the book, he broke out in a sweat, but there were so many things he didn't know. Even what was previously thought to be known is a little knowledge or fallacy. (2) this is cooked, don't say. From the writer's point of view, flipping through previous books will suddenly give birth to some fears. In front of us, many people worked hard to write earth-shattering poems, but they were buried so tightly by the quicksand of history. Few people know their names now, and it is hard to find anyone who has read their works in Wan Li. (3) Zhang Dai was a famous prose writer in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. His 220-volume Stone Chamber is a biographical history of the Ming Dynasty. Later, I completed The Story of Stone Chambers, which recorded the history of the Chongzhen Dynasty and Nanming Dynasty in Ming Dynasty, with a total of 63 volumes, with appendix 1. Zhang Dai is confident that these books can be handed down from generation to generation, and gold is a treasure. That kind of conceit should be no less than today. (4) The dust of history, people dare not look back, how many creations and buildings are deeply buried in the yellow sand. The prosperity of the ancient Loulan made the Tang Empire like a thorn in its back, and the frontier poem "Don't break the Loulan and don't return it" sang determination, hardship and sacrifice. But now, we can only infer the buildings at that time from the collapsed mounds under the long yellow sand and distinguish the ancients who never died. Their creation, their singing, their poems and the dispute between chickens and dogs caused by them, the wealth they gained and the reputation they enjoyed all belong to dust. It is often said that history is ruthless, which is probably why it has buried many love and hate feelings. ⑤ Scholars in the past also had affairs, sects, flattery and suppression, and even encirclement and suppression. However, once the times have changed, everything is gone and the flowers have fallen into the water. The ruthlessness of history also lies in the hegemony of history. No matter who wins or loses, it is all under the yellow sand. 6. Literati are all crazy. Once they become famous, they will "go out with a smile" and think that "all other mountains are dwarfed under the sky." . Every word I write is self-deprecating and I don't want to make people horny. The ancients summarized it as "scholars despise each other", which shows that this problem has a long history. Coupled with excessive narcissism, there is a saying: "Other people's wives, their own articles." I would rather give beauty to someone else's wife than lose it to my own article. Look at those people who want to get a chance to win some kind of award and fame, and then get a false reputation and then become arrogant, you can see their mentality. All landowners era and people, to move forward, naturally can't carry a lot of old baggage. Those who looked glamorous before now have to be thrown aside and covered with dust. Mr. Zhang Dai mentioned earlier is a typical person who has experienced the whole process from prosperity to decline, from red to dark. Pet-name ruby this dude, talking about his former self, is full of boasting and sighing. He said he was "a good house, a beautiful maid, good clothes and good food …". Look, all the prosperity and desires in the world are concentrated on him, which is true. However, history makes people unable to see each other, and the previous prosperity was completely destroyed by the wind and rain. Zhang Dai suddenly became another person: "In his fifties, the country was ruined and the people living in the mountains had shelter. What survived was tattered and the piano was broken. There are only a few books left, only one side is missing. " Clothes and vegetables often go bad. "This made him look back, can't help but feel like a lifetime ago. Attending the quicksand of history, all his conceit, arrogance, talent, wealth, reputation and efforts have been buried. ? Of course, history is not empty. When I stand in Zigui, standing in front of the statue of Qu Yuan's arrogance and loneliness; When I stand in front of Li Bai's tomb, standing in front of the tombstone that stands tall forever, I think, in fact, many great literati and thinkers are towering peaks and deep-rooted trees, and they will not waver when the wind of history blows. Dust will only crawl under their feet, and can't hide their figure. Their existence is rich and profound in history. What I want to say is that poets and literati have come, like flowers in spring; Gone, like yellow leaves falling. What's left is just the fruit, that is, the work you have settled down. Whether this fruit can germinate again after many years depends on its life content. You are busy now, in fact, can you be helpless forever. ? A few years ago, someone counted 200 cultural celebrities since Confucius. Before the founding of New China, it was 150. Calculated, Confucius has been a celebrity for nearly 3000 years, about 15 to 20 years. There are only four or five people in a century. But today it accounts for 50, and many brothers and sisters are also named by Confucius. I think the literary achievements of New China, though great, are somewhat optimistic compared with history. ? Winter is coming, the cold wind is coming again, and some yellow leaves are blowing outside the window. Plastic bags are flying on the branches of dead trees with the help of the wind. From a distance, they look like flowers. (with deletion)
16. The following is an analysis and summary of the relevant contents of the article. Two things are incorrect (4 points for both items, 2 points for only one item, and 0 point for the wrong item) (4 points) A. Starting from a bookstore with insufficient knowledge, the article talks about the past, discusses the present and recalls the past. It not only describes the shortcomings of "I", "There are still so many things I don't know", but also describes the shortcomings of the current China literary world. B. At the beginning of paragraph (2), "I broke out in a sweat" and "I had some fears" because "I" didn't realize that I didn't know or only had a little knowledge of many things when I turned the pages. C. Zhang Dai's conceit is not inferior to that of today. His works are rich, but the evening scene is bleak. The author believes that the ruthless quicksand of history buried his conceit, arrogance, talent, wealth and literary achievements. D qu yuan, Li Bai and many other great writers and thinkers have left many works to settle down, which have lasting vitality, indicating that history is not empty. E. The article compares the number of cultural celebrities before and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and implicitly criticizes the over-optimistic mentality and the phenomenon of seeking fame and gain in China's literary world today. 17. Why do you say "the dust of history makes people afraid to look back"? Please briefly analyze the content of the fourth paragraph. (4 points)
18. Please analyze it briefly first? Language expression skills of paragraphs and their functions. (4 points)
19. At the end of the article is a description of the environment, especially the description of plastic bags. Please talk about your views on the author's arrangement. (8 points)
Reference answer
16.B C(B) "gives birth to some fears" because the author thinks that he is far from the predecessor of the writer, and the names and poems of some predecessors are tightly buried by the quicksand of history. Zhang Dai was a famous essayist in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. He is the author of The Book of Chambers and The Collection of Chambers. The author thinks that his literary achievements have not been buried. )
17. The dust of history is so destructive that people dare not look back: (1) The dust of history has buried many ancient civilizations such as creation and architecture that people can't bear to look back; (2) The dust and sand of history buried the poems, wealth, reputation, love and hate of the ancients, which made people look back. (2 points per point)
18. This passage ① uses the rhetorical device of metaphor (or analogy), which vividly shows that the dust of history can't cover up great literati and thinkers, and highlights that history is not empty; (2) The combination of whole sentences and scattered sentences makes sentence patterns rich, expressive and meaningful; The combination of narration, discussion and lyricism in this paragraph effectively highlights the main idea of the paragraph. As long as you answer two of them, you will get 4 points. )
19.( 1) at the end of the article, from the virtual to the real, the virtual and the real are born together, giving people a sense of image. (2) The natural cold wind symbolizes the wind and rain of history, which has a sense of reality and renders a cold atmosphere. (3) Empty plastic bags symbolize the nominal "cultural celebrities" in today's literary world. They are so light that they can fly to the branches with the help of wind, and may even be regarded as "flowers". (4) Without the thickness of history and the content of life, any so-called celebrity will eventually be buried in the dust, which implicitly expresses the author's criticism of the flashy "cultural celebrities" in today's literary world. (2 points per point, the general idea is correct)