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City wall classical Chinese
1. Explain the city about "city" in classical Chinese.

(1) I know. From the soil, from success, success is also sound. Original meaning: city wall)

(2) with the original meaning [wall]. A high wall used as a defense around the city. Generally, it is divided into two parts, the inside is called the city and the outside is called Guo. When the word "city" is used singly, it mostly includes city and country. When battlements are opposite, they only refer to cities.

City, so sheng people also. -"Shuo Wen"

It is solid to cross the ditch and pool. -"The Book of Rites, Liu Yun"

Let the old, the weak, women and children capture the city. -Biography of Historical Records and Tian Chan

A hundred years and a city. -"The Legend of the Ram Ding Gong Twelve Years". Note: "Emperor Zhou Cheng, princes Xuan Cheng."

This city is to protect people. -"Gu Liangchuan, seven years of seclusion"

Cities can also be self-made. -"Seven Diseases of Mozi"

Green mountains are located on the north side of the city wall, and the sparkling water surrounds the east of the city. -Tang Li Bai's "Seeing Friends Off"

(3) Another example: cities; Outside the city; Wan Li Great Wall; Yugoslav capital (according to Yugoslav capital); City bend (corner of city wall); City shops (city patrol posts); City wall (wall)

(4) The ancient imperial capital, vassal fiefs and Qing Dafu fiefs were all centered on walled cities. It can be called [city]

When a city is built, it is called a city. -"Zuo Zhuan Zhuang Gong Twenty-eight Years"

(5) Another example: Chengda (the chief executive of a city. That is, the duke); Lord of the city; The city where the emperor lived. Also refers to capital); Urban vigilance and defense

(6)[ city]

Chop five cities today, ten cities tomorrow, and then have a good night's rest-Xun's On Six Kingdoms.

(7) Another example: Dongcheng and Xicheng; Urban sculpture (urban sculpture)

(8)[ country]

Cao Tucheng. -"Poetry with High Wind and Drum"

Part of speech change

Chengcheng

"Move"

(1) fortification [wall building]

Today, Wu fears that the city is in Ying. -"Twenty-three years of Zuo Gong"

(2) Another example: the city-state (in ancient times, it was called the country where the western regions built cities and settled); Urban trunk (wooden pillar buried in the soil when building a city)

(3)[ Defend a city]

The county seat is 40 miles away from the secretariat office, and the city is south of Jialing River. -Don Sun Qiao "How Simple Is the Book"

(4) Another example is a walled city (defensive fence or fence); City exercise (preparation; Standby infantry)

2. Words expressing walls in classical Chinese, such as "one" and "yuan". Besides, there are many words that express the meaning of the wall. Although they are all walls, they have different meanings.

1.Z √ low wall.

2. Walls and fences in the garden

Neither the wall nor the wall is yūng's.

4. Xiao xiāo zhaobi

5. The low wall around the altar of Guhuai.

6. Wall

7. Luo Zhi City Wall

8. The outer wall of the ancient palace in Luan

9. Earth wall for shooting and aiming.

10. Pey wall

1 1.Bad péi means the back wall of the house.

12. Building wall.

13. The wall blocking D avatar

3. Who has the introduction of Nanjing Ming City Wall? The Ming City Wall in ancient China is the product and symbol of the capital of Zhu Yuanzhang (1328- 1398), and it is the only capital city wall built in the history of China to unify the whole country in the south of the Yangtze River.

Nanjing Ming City Wall was built from the end of Yuan Dynasty to the 26th year of Zheng Zheng (A.D. 1366) and completed in the 15th year of Ming Hongwu (A.D. 1386), lasting 2 1 year. From the inside out, it consists of four walls: Miyagi, Imperial City, Beijing and Waiguo. Among them, the Nanjing capital city wall does not follow the square or rectangular old system of the ancient capital, with unique design concept, exquisite construction technology and grand scale. It winds between the beautiful Nanjing mountains and rivers in Zhong Ling, with a total length of 33.676 kilometers, which is 0.776 kilometers longer than the ancient city wall of the capital Beijing. The outer wall of Nanjing ancient city wall is 60 kilometers in circumference.

After hundreds of years of vicissitudes, the walls of Miyagi, Imperial City and Waiguo have been completely destroyed, but the tall walls of Beijing, except for wooden buildings such as gates, no longer exist, and the walls still stand. Therefore, the "Nanjing City Wall" and "Nanjing Ming City Wall" usually refer to the capital city wall.

Nanjing City Wall is a masterpiece of China's ancient military defense facilities and wall construction technology. No matter its historical value, ornamental value, archaeological value, architectural design, scale and function, the city walls at home and abroad can not be compared with it. It is another historical wonder of China after Qin Changcheng.

As early as 472 BC, after the destruction of Wu by Gou Jian, the King of Yue, he attempted to further annex Chu. He took a fancy to Changganli, which is located in the Zhonghua Gate of Nanjing today, and called Fan Li, a counselor, to supervise the construction, and named it "Yuecheng" or "Fan Li" City. At that time, "Yuecheng" was very small, only 1km, with 80 steps around the city and an area of only 60,000 square meters, so it was called "Yuetai". In 333 BC, Chu Weiwang was destroyed, and a city was built in Liang Qingshan (also known as Stone Mountain) in Nanjing, which is called "Jinling City", which is also the origin of Nanjing, also known as "Jinling" and "Stone City". In 2 1 1 BC, Sun Quan built the "Stone City" in the former site of Jinling City, which is an important historical relic in Nanjing today. This was a military fortress at that time. Surrounded by mountains and rivers, the terrain is very dangerous

Of course, the most brilliant page in the history of Nanjing's capital in the Ten Dynasties is the Ming City Wall built by Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming Emperor, after he captured Nanjing from the end of Yuan Dynasty to the twenty-sixth year. It is connected to Shitou Town in the east, Qinhuai District in the south and Xuanwu Lake in the north, covering all the capitals of past dynasties. In order to build this capital, Zhu Yuanzhang used more than one million people of all kinds, and the scope of building the city covered the vast areas of several provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with strong national affinity and regional representation.

After recent years' rescue repair, the complete length of Nanjing Ming City Wall has reached 23.743 kilometers. The Nanjing Municipal Party Committee and the city * * * spared no expense to build the "Crescent Lake Park" with the ancient city wall as the background and the moat as the support, the "Shuiximen Ruins Square" which can transmit historical information, and the new building complex "Hanzhongmen Citizen Leisure Square" with the cinerary casket and the city wall as the theme.

4. Seeking classical Chinese translation: Zhao Zhu, whose real name is Yan Ming, is from Fugu.

With his own ability and achievements, he was gradually promoted to the position of Bing Xulang. He is very low-key, and never shows the uniqueness of officialdom. At the end of Xuanhe, when Wei Zhencheng's army was detained, they knew about the city.

Nomads from the army invaded, and Xia people took the opportunity to attack towns outside the river. Zhenwei House is three hundred miles away from Fuzhou, and its power is very isolated.

Zhao Zhu led the whole city, old and young, to resist the enemy's attack. Zhao Zhu recruited 1000 elite soldiers and reached an agreement with them: "The enemies in the city know the truth and have the heart to look down on us.

If we attack him by surprise, we can try our best to destroy them. "So the soldiers were released from the wall at night and came to the camp of Xia people. The enemy really panicked. The officers and men in the city took the opportunity to shout loudly, bravely killed the enemy, killed and captured many enemies.

Xia people climbed the city wall with goose ladders, and arrows rained down. They couldn't climb up, but the offensive continued day and night. Qi Qi, the leader of Xia people, came to the front of the city in armor, blocked himself with a felt shield, and invited Zhao Zhu out to discuss.

Zhao Zhu boarded the city wall in ordinary clothes, put on a robe and asked, "Who are you, so shameful?" . You wanted to see me. I'm right here. What can I do for you? "SiQi came up with a shield and complained about the dishonesty of the Song Dynasty. He said: "Daikin asked me to capture the capital, form an alliance at the gate and draw a river as the boundary;" Taiyuan was captured by me sooner or later, and all counties in Linzhou have been owned by me. Why don't you surrender? Zhao Zhu said: "The emperor knew that the traitor of North Korea had made a mistake in his country, and he corrected his mistake without reservation and passed the throne to his own royal family.

Now the emperor's political program has taken on a new look. Are you the only one who doesn't know? "So take out the letter of the inner meditation and read it out. They looked at Zhao Zhu in surprise and admired his eloquence. At that time, many people in the city surrendered, and Zhao Zhu's old acquaintance said to him, "Now the world is over, and loyalty is useless. "

Zhao Zhu thundered, "You scum are worse than pigs and dogs. You drag out an ignoble existence. How dare you tempt me to surrender with words? I would rather die than surrender! " So he took a bow and arrow and shot them, and everyone was scared away. After being besieged for four days, the city walls were destroyed in many places. Zhao Zhu used strategy to resist the enemy's attack, although it worked, but there was no army to support it.

Zhao Zhu called his generals into the hall and said, "The city has been broken. My wife and children should not be insulted by thieves. I will let my wife and children commit suicide first, and then fight to the death. If I win, I will make a great contribution. If I fail, I will die in China, and the life of a gentleman will be over. " Everyone hasn't promised yet.

At this time, Zhao Zhu's youngest son was playing on the doorstep, and Zhao Zhu immediately stepped forward and killed him. The eldest son looked at him in surprise, and Zhao killed him again. (Tut tut ~ ~ It's cruel ~ ~ I don't want to translate any more myself) Follow Zhao Zhu and lead a few soldiers to kill all their own people and throw all the bodies into the well.

Just when Jia Zong's old mother came to the Ministry, Zhao Zhu said to her, "Old man, you are my hometown, and I don't want to kill you myself. Please throw yourself into the well. " She obeyed.

And then buried the well with soil. The soldiers followed and killed all their wives and children.

Zhao Zhu said to everyone: "I have nothing on my mind and everyone else." At this time, someone in the army colluded with the enemy in secret and said to the enemy, "Zhao Zhu and other soldiers killed their families and are going to fight." Although there are few people, they are all people who dare to die. "

The enemy was very afraid, so he lured the soldiers guarding the city and boarded the city. Zhao Zhu led the masses to fight in the streets of the city. From night to morning, the streets are full of bodies.

Zhao Zhu rode over the gap in the wall, but the horse fell into the canyon. The thief cheered and said, "General Zhu has been captured." Trying to take him alive.

Zhao Zhu stared at his eyes with a sword. No one dared to go forward, but he was shot dead by an arrow at the age of 46.

5. Ask the master to translate it into classical Chinese. An is famous for his gold, Yuan changed to Fengyuan, and now it is Minghong. How old is Jin Mingdi, sitting on Yuan Di's lap? When someone came from Chang 'an, he asked Luo for news and shed tears. Ming Di asked him why he was crying and told him in an oriental tone. Because he asked Ming Di, "How far do you want to live in peace?" A: "The sun is far away. I don't know if people are from Japan. " Yuan Di is different. Xi 'an City 13.7 Li, which is about 2.6 kilometers in the east and 4.2 kilometers in the south, is rectangular. City 12m, top 12 ~ 14m, bottom 15 ~ 18m.

Tomorrow, call ministers to a banquet to tell you this and ask them more seriously. But he replied, "The day is near." Yuan Di turned pale and said, "Why are you different from yesterday?" A: "I can see the sun, but I can't see Chang' an. "

When Jin Mingdi was only a few years old, he sat on Yuan Di's knee. A man from Chang 'an, Yuan Di asked him about Luoyang, and he couldn't help crying. Ming Di asked Yuan Di why he was crying, and Yuan Di told him the whole story of moving eastward in detail. So I asked Ming Di, "Which one do you think is farther from Chang 'an than the sun?" Ming Di replied, "The sun is far away. I have never heard of who is from the sun, obviously. " Yuan Di was very surprised.

The next day, Yuan Di called ministers to hold a banquet and told everyone what Ming Di said. Then he asked Ming Di again, but Ming Di replied, "The sun is near." Yuan Di was surprised and asked, "Why are you different from what you said yesterday?" Ming Di replied, "Because you can see the sun when you look up, but you can't always see Chang 'an. "

6. The original text and translation of Lugou Bridge in classical Chinese: Lugou Bridge The Lugou Bridge spans the Lugou River and was first built by Jin Mingchang. I have been orthodox for nine years.

The bridge is 200 meters long, with stone columns and stigma columns. The teacher's breast milk is full of ambition and there are countless things to do. As the saying goes, Lu Gongbo is a god.

There are hundreds of villages north of the bridge. I burned it when I was four years old, and I plundered a little.

The pier at the head of the village goes down the river, slim and graceful, just like a cliff. Lugou Bridge spans the water of Lugou Bridge. It was founded in this year (in the fifth year of Jin Zhangzong Ming Chang (A.D. 1 194)) and resumed in the ninth year of Orthodox Education (1444, when it was Yingzong). This bridge is 200 meters long (in ancient times) and there are countless lions. As the saying goes: (this is) the wonderful sculpture of Lu Gong's traffic class (that is, Lu Ban, whose surname is Gong Bo). To the north of the bridge is a village with hundreds of people. In four years (heavenly stems and earthly branches was used in ancient times), almost all the military horses in the Yuan Dynasty were burned and looted.

The bunker winds along the river at the head of the village and looks like a low wall (also called a female wall) on the city wall.

7. Lugou Bridge spans the banks of Lugou River. The Ming Chang of the Jin Dynasty (Yan Yanjing, Jin Zhangzong) was built at the beginning, and it was restored in the ninth year of the Orthodox Dynasty (author Dynasty, Ming Dynasty) (Ming Yingzong).

The length of the bridge is 200 cloth (step: ancient unit of length measurement). On the top (both sides) of stone railings and columns, the lioness and cubs are connected together, looking back, holding them in her arms, carrying the cubs on her back, and their postures and expressions echo each other, and the list is endless. As the saying goes: (this is) the wonderful sculpture of Lu Guo's public welfare class (that is, Lu Ban, surnamed Gong Bo).

There is a village in the north of the bridge with hundreds of families. It has been four years (heavenly stems and earthly branches was used in ancient times), and the military horses of the Yuan Dynasty were almost burned and robbed.

The bunker winds along the river at the head of the village and looks like a low wall (also called a female wall) on the city wall.