(1) reason: opium smuggling caused a shortage of silver in China, which seriously threatened the rule of the Qing dynasty.

(2) time; 3-25 June, 1839

(3) Impact: The destruction of opium in Humen is a great victory of China people's struggle against smoking, which shows the strong will of the Chinese nation to resist foreign aggression.

Britain launched a war of aggression against China.

(1) The root cause: Britain dumped industrial products and plundered China's cheap raw materials in order to open the China market.

(2) Direct cause (fuse):1From June 3 to 25, 839, Lin Zexu and Humen destroyed opium.

(3) The result of the war: the Qing government was defeated and made peace. 1842 In August, the first unequal treaty in China's modern history, the treaty of nanking, was signed.

(4) treaty of nanking's content:

(1) Opening Guangzhou, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai as trading ports; (2) cutting Hong Kong Island to Britain;

(3) Compensation of 2 1 ten thousand silver dollars; (4) The taxes payable by British businessmen in importing and exporting goods must be agreed by both parties.

(5) Influence of the Opium War: ① The Opium War changed the historical development of China. (2) China no longer enjoys completely independent sovereignty, and the natural economy of China society was destroyed. The Opium War gradually reduced the feudal society to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. ③ The Opium War became the beginning of China's modern history.

3. Evaluate the Westernization Movement

The first modernization movement in the history of China. Objectively promoted the emergence of Chinese national capitalism and played a certain role in resisting the invasion of foreign capitalism.

Limitations: The fundamental purpose is to maintain and consolidate the rule of the Qing government. Coupled with its internal corruption and the oppression of foreign forces, China has not embarked on the road to prosperity.