Ding was the largest bronze ritual vessel in the early Shang Dynasty. It was unearthed in a cellar of Zhengzhou mall site, with two ding and one ding. In addition, Shang bronzes were discovered in Xiangyang Food Factory and Nanshuncheng Street of Zhengzhou Mall site, and bronze wares such as Ding, Gui (guǐ), Yun (Ji ǐ), Jue, Mi (), Yi (léi), Hu and Zun were unearthed. Regarding the nature of these bronze pits, some people think that they are sacrificial relics left by large-scale sacrificial activities held in Shang Dynasty. Some people think that it is because of domestic unrest and the special relics formed by hiding weapons.

Dayu casts Jiuding to ward off animals and evil spirits

Ding is an ancient utensil for cooking and holding meat. "Taste the meat and you will know its taste". Ding is also an important sacrificial vessel. The right to sacrifice in ancient China was closely related to the royal power, so Ding was also a symbol of state power.

In China, there is a legend that "Jingshan casts Jiuding": It is said that Dayu succeeded to the throne in ancient times. After defeating Jiuyi, he controlled a large area of territory from Inner Mongolia in the north, central Shaanxi in the west, the sea in the east and the south bank of the Yangtze River in the south. In order to rule effectively, he divided the world into nine administrative regions, namely Hebei, Qinghai, Henan, Yang, Xu, Liang, Yong, Yan and Jing, which were called states, hence the name "Kyushu" in China.

Because Dayu traveled all over the country in the process of water control, he knew all the beasts, evil spirits and ghosts like the back of his hand, so he ordered officials in Kyushu to collect and worship copper and iron, and then cast nine huge ding, which was called "Jiuding" by later generations.

Legend has it that Jiuding is engraved with patterns and patterns, and monsters from all over the world are listed on it, so that travelers can be vigilant. These nine giant tripods, one tripod corresponds to one realm. If you want to go to any realm, but you are afraid of meeting monsters, you can avoid bad luck and be unimpeded as long as you memorize the patterns on the corresponding cauldron in advance.

Jiuding spread from Xia Dynasty to Shang Dynasty, and from Shang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty, and gradually lost its function as a travel guide, and became a ritual vessel and a symbol of centralization.

During the Zhou dynasty, he marched to the outskirts of Luoyi, the capital of the Zhou dynasty, and asked the king, the messenger of the king, about the importance of Jiuding. His real intention is to covet the throne of the king of Zhou. The word "victory" comes from this.