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Celebrities who have made outstanding contributions in Nanjing in history
Sun Quan (182-252) is Zhong. The founder of Wu in the Three Kingdoms. Wu Jun Fuchun (now Fuyang, Zhejiang) was born. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Sun Quan inherited his father and brother's career, namely, six counties in Jiangdong. In the 13th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (208), the armies of Liu Bei and Cao Cao were defeated in the world-famous Battle of Red Cliffs, which laid the foundation for the establishment of Wu Dong. In the 16th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (2 1 1), Sun Quan moved the political center from Jingkou to Moling, changed Moling to Jianye the following year, and built Shicheng in the former site of Chu Jinling. Stone warehouses and warehouses are set up in the city to store ordnance, food and other materials. Set up a beacon tower in the south of Shicheng, a military town. In April of the first year of Huanglong (229), Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor in Wuchang, with the title of Wu. In September of the same year, the capital was moved to Jianye, which was the beginning of Nanjing's capital. Sun Quan rebuilt the "Taichu Palace" in Jianye, with an official circumference of 500 feet. And build Jianye City into a real ancient city with 20 miles 19 steps around the city. Sun Quan set up a captain in Jiangcheng, Lishui and Hushu counties to manage agriculture. Send 30,000 troops to build a canal from Jurong to Yunyang (now Danyang County), connecting Qinhuai River and Taihu Lake Basin. In the southwest of Jianye City, traffic is opened, the East Canal (Qingxi) is dug, and the tidal ditch is opened, so the banks of Qinhuai River become commercial prosperity areas. There are thousands of ladies-in-waiting engaged in silk weaving in Sun Wu Palace, which is the beginning of silk weaving industry in Nanjing. Southwest smelting city, with smelting and casting in the middle.

Heart. Sun Quan attached great importance to the development of navigation, and sent a fleet of 10,000 people to Yizhou (Taiwan Province Province), Liaodong Peninsula and Hainan Island. He also sent envoys to Korea, Fujian, Lin Yi, central Vietnam and the countries of Nanyang Islands. It also built Jianchu Temple, the first Buddhist temple in the south of the Yangtze River. In 252 AD, Sun Quan died of illness and was buried at the southern foot of Zhongshan. Later, it was named the tomb of Ling, Sun and Wu Wang (now Meihua Mountain).

Liu Xie, whose name is Yanhe, was born in the first year of Taishi in Ming Dynasty (465) and experienced three generations: Song, Qi and Liang. He lost his father at an early age and his mother at the age of 20, and his family was poor. I'm determined to study all my life and never get married. After three years of mourning, at the age of 24, he took refuge in a monk and lived in Ding Lin Temple. Liu Xie's main job in Ding Lin Temple is to study classics and write Wen Xin Diao Long besides reading. When I was about 33 years old, I began to write a thesis. After several years of hard work, I wrote the first complete literary theory work in ancient China, Wen Xin Diao Long, but it was not called by the times. However, Liu Xie was full of confidence in the achievements of his works, and was determined to set his sights on Shen Yue, the literary leader at that time. However, due to Shen Yue's high status and heavy concept of gate valve, Liu Xie was not qualified to visit directly, so he had to pretend to be a vendor and wait for Shen Yue to drive out before coming forward to see him. After reading it, Shen Yue praised it as "profound in arts and sciences" and put it on the desk for reading at any time. Because of Shen Yue's reputation, Liu Xie and his Wen Xin Diao Long are gradually known to the world. Shen Yue may also suggest this. Starting from Tian Jian Prison, Liu Xie began to serve the imperial court. At the age of 39, he left Ding Lin Temple and embarked on his official career. He successively served as archives (management documents), Che Qicang Cao (management granary), Taimu (now Quxian County, Zhejiang Province) county magistrate, infantry captain (responsible for the East Palace guard) and East Palace Sheren (management chapter) for China army Linchuan Wang Xiaohong and Nankang Xiaoji. When Mrs. Ren gave the last order, "the government has a clear record." When the East Palace was in charge, he was "favored" by another writer at that time, Prince Zhaoming Xiaotong. They discuss articles together, the past and the present. In his later years, Liang Wudi ordered Liu Xie to enter Ding Lin Temple and write scriptures with monks. So he left Guanhai and returned to Ding Lin Temple. Finally, Liu Xie chose the path of becoming a monk. He died less than a year after becoming a monk, about four years after the reunification of China (532). According to historical legend, Liu Xie's "good Buddhism, the inscriptions on Shi Jing pagodas and famous monks must be written by Liu Xie". It can be seen that he was a famous writer at that time, but unfortunately his collected works have long been lost. At present, apart from Wen Xin Diao Long, only two books, Eliminating Confusion and Stone Buddha Monument of Shicheng Temple in Jianshan, Liang Jian 'an, have been preserved.

Wang Anshi (1021-1086) was born in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province on February 2, 2005. His nickname is, after his death, he was named Jing Gong and Wen Gong, so he was also called Wang He and Wang Wen Gong. Although he was born in Jiangxi, this "China 1 1 century reformer" (in Leninist) has an indissoluble bond with Nanjing. He spent his youth in Nanjing, serving as magistrate three times, observing filial piety twice and resigning twice. He lived in Nanjing for nearly 20 years and was buried at the foot of Zhongshan in Nanjing after his death. His parents and brothers were also buried in Nanjing after his death. He left many touching stories and magnificent poems in Nanjing.

Xie An built a villa in Dongshan, Jiangning, and directed the battle of Feishui. There are detailed records in The Book of Jin Xie An Biography and Wang Xizhi Biography. When Jian Wendi was in Sima Yu, Xie An was in his fifties, and Xie Xuan was in his thirties. They were already "living in Dongshan" here. When filial piety emperor Sima Yao was in Taiyuan (after 376 AD), Qin Fu Jian invaded, and Amber became a general and a government official, namely his younger brother Xie Shi and his nephew Xie Xuan. Eight years in Taiyuan, the war was urgent. "Xuan came in (referring to Nanjing House) and asked ... An Sui ordered to drive out of the villa (referring to Jiangning Dongshan), and relatives and friends gathered. Fang and Xuan Weiqi bet on the villa. It is also night, that is, the generals are given duties. Xuan and others have broken the foundation and posted books. Ann and the guests played chess and put them on the bed while reading, but they didn't play chess with a smile as before. The guest asked, Xu answered: The younger generation broke the thief. I am satisfied with the transfer limit, but I am not embarrassed. Too melodramatic. As president, join the Pacific Insurance Company. "This is the historical face of Xie An's command of the battle of Surabaya here, and it is a lofty image of resourcefulness, decisiveness and calm command. About his pavilion in Dongshan, it is also clearly recorded in Biography of the Book of Jin that he is "a good book ... good at music, ... a villa in Tushan, full of forests and bamboos." Every time I bring Chinese and foreign sons and nephews to and from the collection, it is often a dish of several hundred dollars ... "He added," Although Ann is sent by the DPRK, the ambition of Dongshan remains the same from beginning to end, and everything is said. There is also a new town, making rooms ... "

(1898- 1989), whose real name is Lin, also known as Yilin, is called Sanchi, the second from the left and the old man. Born in Jiangpu, Jiangsu Province, Wujiang Town, Anhui Province. At the beginning of the founding of New China, Lin Sanzhi was elected as the representative of the First People's Congress of Anhui Province, and served as the deputy director of the Agricultural Committee of Jiangpu County (then Anhui Province, now renamed Pukou District) and the deputy magistrate of Jiangpu County. In the early 1960s, he joined Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Painting and became a full-time painter. He used to be a first-class artist of Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Painting and honorary chairman of the Provincial Calligraphers Association. During the period of 1972, Chinese and Japanese calligraphy became famous in one fell swoop, and Zhao Puchu, Qi Gong and others called it "the three wonders of contemporary poetry and calligraphy". 198965438+died on February 6th at the age of 90.

Cao Zhan (zhān) (about1715.6.12 ~ about 1763) is a novelist in Qing Dynasty. Zhan zhān's real name, together with Xueqin, Qinpu and Xiqin. Novelist and poet in Qing Dynasty. Kangxi was born in Nanjing on June 12th (A.D.171July 12, 23: 00), and his ancestral home was Liaoyang. The ancestors were originally Han Chinese, and the distant ancestor Cao Jun later surrendered to Manchuria and merged into Zhengbaiqi. He is usually regarded as the author of China's famous novel A Dream of Red Mansions. Another authoritative statement: According to historical records, Cao Xueqin was born in Jiangning Weaving Institute of Nanjing Daxing Palace in the 50th year of Kangxi, 17 1 1. Jiangning Weaving Institute, also known as Grand View Garden, is located in the Daxing Palace area in the center of Nanjing today. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty went to Jiangnan six times and lived in Jiangning Weaving Institute five times. The place name Daxing Palace here is named after the two emperors Kangxi and Qianlong lived here.

Xiaoshan was appointed as the acting commander and revolutionary martyr of the Kuomintang Nanjing Garrison.

A native of Yiyang County, Hunan Province (now Heshan District, Yiyang City),/kloc-0 was born in Sifang Mountain, Yiyang County in June, 892. He entered the third phase of Baoding Military Academy, joined the army for 20 years after graduation, and was promoted from platoon leader to commander of Kuomintang gendarmerie. 1937 1 1 During the Nanjing Defence War in October, he held several positions and shouldered the heavy responsibility of defending Nanjing and resisting the Japanese army. 65438+February 65438+March, Nanjing fell, committed suicide and died for the Anti-Japanese War.

He has gone through a long journey of strengthening the army and saving the country. 19 1 1 year, he left his wife who had been married for three months and was admitted to Hunan army primary school to study military affairs. 19 14 was admitted to the third phase of Baoding Military Academy. 19 17 After graduating with honors, he joined the Xiang Army and served as platoon leader, company commander and battalion commander, acting as an agent for Yuanjiang county magistrate. /kloc-0 participated in the northern expedition in may, 926, and served as battalion commander, head of the national revolutionary army and staff officer. 1928 retired to his hometown. 1in may, 929, he rejoined the Kuomintang army and served as the staff officer of the military police command. /kloc-incorporated into Nanjing garrison headquarters in February, 2009. 1932 1 used to be the general director of the gendarmerie headquarters, in charge of the establishment and training of the national gendarmerie. 1In March 1936, he was promoted from a colonel to the chief of staff of a major general.1In March 1937, he served as the deputy commander of the gendarmerie.

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he participated in and directed the Nanjing Defence War against Japan. 1937, 1 1 year1October, the Japanese army occupied Shanghai and then surrounded Nanjing in three ways. At this critical moment, he was appointed to concurrently hold the posts of military police commander, garrison commander, air defense commander, Nanjing police chief, and Nanjing mayor, leading 6.5438+0.5 million soldiers to shoulder the heavy responsibility of defending Nanjing. 165438+1October 26th, the war approached the suburbs of Nanjing. He ordered the garrison to fully resist the enemy, and ordered them to establish Liang Qingshan defense zone and Ming Palace defense zone. After 10 days of hard fighting, Japanese corpses were everywhere. However, due to the backward equipment of the defenders, they fought alone, and all the troops fought in isolation, causing heavy casualties, and the situation in Nanjing was perilous. At 7 o'clock on February 9, 65438, the Japanese army attacked Guanghua Gate first, and then Tongjimen and Zhonghua Gate. He fought a decisive battle with the enemy under the condition of "knowing that he could not do it". In order to annihilate the enemy's greater effective strength, he ordered to shorten the defense line and concentrate on retreating; In order to stop the Japanese wild artillery troops, they were ordered to completely destroy the Shuiximen Bridge; Let the gendarmerie reinforce Liang Qingshan's army division, start street fighting with the enemy, and basically annihilate the Japanese vanguard troops who broke into Guanghuamen. 12 at dawn, the Japanese army increased dramatically outside Nanjing, and the defensive positions fell one after another. He was forced to order a breakthrough in many directions. 13 at 7 o'clock in the morning, he led the retreating troops to the river and saw the national army being attacked by land and water. Soldiers and civilians were killed and wounded everywhere, and they were extremely sad and angry. They shouted, "kill yourself, even today!" " He led the charge and fought hand-to-hand and bloody battles with the Japanese for five hours. The ammunition of the national army was lost, and most of the officers and men on the riverside died in the battlefield, with rivers of blood. He witnessed the terrible scene, unable to return to heaven, and was in pain, so he shot himself at the age of 45.

Someone wrote an inscription on his photo: "Dun Li, Gan, swallowing violence day, named Zhongshan." The national government posthumously conferred the rank of lieutenant general on him. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, his name was engraved on the Nanjing Yuhuatai Anti-Japanese Soldiers Monument. After the national liberation, the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China ratified him as a revolutionary martyr.