Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Chinese History - Xiantao history and culture
Xiantao history and culture
Mianyang folk songs are rich in content, and Xiantao is one of the important cradles of Chu culture. According to the newly revised Records of Mianyang, it can be roughly divided into eight categories, namely: chant, Tian Ge, minor, lantern song, folk song, children's song, revolutionary historical folk song, new folk song and so on. Most of these folk songs are produced in people's daily life, expressing their feelings of sadness, joy and hatred, as well as their pursuit of a better life.

Mianyang ancient painting opera is a local opera in Hubei, also known as Mianyang ancient painting opera, which is a national intangible cultural heritage. It was formed in the Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 200 years. Xiantao City was awarded the title of "Hometown of Folk Culture and Art in China" by the Ministry of Culture. There is a reputation among the people that "after listening to the Flower Drum Opera, I got sick but didn't take medicine". Traditional plays include Thirteen Verses and Standing on the Flower Wall.

Mianyang fishing drum is a kind of folk art, also known as Daoqing, Daoqing fishing drum, barrel cavity and southern microphone. With its strong local flavor and rough and high-pitched singing, it has left a deep impression on the audience and is quite famous in the history of folk art in China. After 1952, Mianyang Fishing Drum sang all over Hubei, and 1958 was named Hubei Fishing Drum.

Mianyang Daoqing, also known as Hubei Daoqing, is a kind of singing art developed on the basis of the singing and qupai of Mianyang Daqian Haozi, Mianyang ancient painting drama and Mianyang fishing drum. After years of artistic practice, it has accumulated and evolved in performance, repertoire and Qupai music. Mianyang has strong musicality, strong banqiang and strong local flavor. It is one of the most influential local folk art forms in Hubei.

Mianyang Shadow Play Mianyang Shadow Play is a wonderful work among many folk arts in Xiantao. In the art of shadow play in China, Mianyang shadow play is unique with its exquisite image, beautiful lyrical singing, interesting lines and elegant and beautiful combination. Mianyang's shadow play is divided into the upper road, the middle road and the lower road. On the way, we borrowed folk tunes such as grass cutting songs, fiddling songs and cockfighting songs, and interpreted Mianyang shadow play with melodious tunes, which is the original source of Mianyang fishing drum cavity.

Mianyang good book is a kind of quyi form with the content of spreading the imperial edict and persuading people to be kind, characterized by alternating rhyme and white, and combining speaking and singing. Also known as "Talking about Saint Chongqing" and "Talking about Virtue", they are called "Taiping Book", "Hua Chun Fu" and "Crying Good Book" by the people. Formed roughly before the Opium War 1840, Xiantao was popular in the whole territory and surrounding counties and cities, and most of them were concentrated in Xiantao City, Miancheng, Hu Chang, Tonghai, Hu Sha, Changchongkou and Liu Xi. Singing activities were very popular in the old days, and there were often scenes of "five miles and three plays". In the 1990s, there were many good books in Mianyang, including The Singer and The Audience.

Mianyang three-stick drum is a kind of technical song and dance, and it is a folk art. Its performance mode is: tying drums around the waist, hanging gongs around the neck, throwing three wooden sticks with copper coins embedded at both ends into the air in turn, throwing sticks with both hands, receiving sticks, beating drums and singing at the same time, which is a one-person play; When they perform, it's even more exciting. One person throws sticks, sings drums and gongs to sound for the losers. When the stick is thrown, three swaying curves are drawn in the air, and then it turns into a colorful garland, which is firmly caught, thrown, caught and thrown again-a beautiful performance that makes people see things in a blur.

Mianyang ditty is also called "vegetable ditty" or "inland ditty". A kind of "folk song" in Hanshui River Basin is euphemistic in tone and delicate in style, with distinctive "Jianghan Plain" color, which is deeply loved by the masses. The form of Mianyang ditty singing is simple and flexible. The form of performance can be sung by one person on a disc or by two or more people on a stringed instrument.

Mianyang carved paper-cut is characterized by lush and complete composition, clear black and white, fluent and accurate knife cutting, precise and rigorous cutting, beautiful and symmetrical stippling, smooth lines, vivid scenery, full and balanced patterns, realistic and freehand brushwork, deformation without losing its original shape, rich artistic language and strong decorative atmosphere. In 2008, it was approved by the State Council as a national intangible cultural heritage list, and 20 10 was selected as a representative list of United Nations cultural heritage. Xiantao City was awarded the title of "Hometown of Paper-cutting Art in Hubei Province" by the Hubei Provincial Government.

Peach Shell Carving Jade Dragon Yellow Crane Boat uses freshwater pearls and shells as materials, and uses decorative techniques to absorb traditional artistic expressions such as Chinese painting, jade, teeth, wood and stone carving. It has been carefully designed, carved, assembled, inlaid and decorated. He won the gold medal in the 5th China Arts and Crafts Hundred Flowers Award and the 1st China Tourism and Shopping Festival, and was included in large reference books and related picture books such as Contemporary China Arts and Crafts History and China Arts and Crafts Dictionary.

Xiantao straw painting, also known as straw painting, can be traced back to the Sui Dynasty, with a history of 1400 years. At the same time, the straw painting can be preserved for thousands of years without aging and fading, and can be used in families, offices, hotels, restaurants and entertainment places. Xiantao straw painting boldly absorbs many artistic elements such as paper-cutting, shell carving, bark painting, feather painting, calligraphy, traditional Chinese painting and pyrography, and creates a bas-relief straw painting with both traditional skills and modern aesthetic consciousness. Its artistic connotation is simple and elegant, dignified and beautiful, lifelike and full of strong local flavor. Xiantao straw painting

Mianyang stilt dragon lantern combines stilt and dragon lantern, which is a unique performance form of Mianyang dragon dance, with unique style and superb skills. A person who walks on stilts and dances with dragons must have three basic skills at the same time: walking on stilts, dancing dragon lanterns and martial arts. The key to watching the dragon lantern on stilts is that when dancing the dragon, the dragon lantern should be spread out and turned around, because the lower mouth of the dragon lantern is movable. When the dragon lantern goes up, the longkou opens to grab the pearl, and when it goes down, the longkou closes, which is very vivid and beautiful. Mianyang stilt dragon lantern can play tricks, and there are more than a dozen techniques, such as sky plate, turf, ground roll (commonly known as lazy dragon turning over), fish biting tail, half moon, green dragon plate column, five mountains (playing five square tables) and so on. Playing with dragon lanterns has become a beautiful landscape of Mianyang sugar carving, a traditional folk dance in Xiantao.

Mianyang Lotus Picking Boat is a popular form of culture and entertainment during the Spring Festival in Xiantao, with a long history. Lotus picking boat is related to the area where Xiantao is located, where the lake is boundless and the lotus is fragrant, and it is the land of fish and rice. Lotus root has always been rich, so the art form of lotus boat is widely circulated in Xiantao. Xiantao Lotus Picking Boat is also famous for its unique artistic expression in Jingchu. Participated in many provincial folk dance performances and won favorable comments.

Mianyang sugar sculpture, also known as sugar man model, is a folk food technology that uses edible sugar as raw material to shape the image. It is generally for children to enjoy and eat. The making techniques of sugar plastic are "blowing" and "pulling". Blowing is the most basic skill in Miyang sugar carving. In addition, rubbing, pulling, rubbing, pressing, picking and cutting are also common skills. Sugar plastic has four colors: red, green, black and yellow. Sugar sculptures are vivid and lifelike. The themes of Mianyang sugar sculptures are mostly common birds and beasts, people and animals in myths and legends, which are funny, playful and meaningful.