As our mother river, there are many human cultural sites in the Yellow River basin, the most famous of which is Banpo site, which belongs to the early type of Yangshao culture. Lantian ape-man culture is also very famous, among which Gongwangling ape-man is 654.38+0.5 million years ago, and Chenjiawo ape-man is 500,000-590,000 years ago. The ape-man culture in the late Paleolithic period. In addition, there are: Xihoudu ape-man culture, which was 6.5438+0.5 million years ago ~ 6.5438+0.8 million years ago, and was the early Paleolithic ape-man culture in northern China; Dali ape-man culture, from nearly 300 thousand years to 500 thousand years, is a late ape-man culture; Ding Cun ancient culture, dating from 70,000 to 90,000 years ago, belongs to the middle paleolithic culture and is an early homo sapiens. Hetao newcomer culture, about 30 thousand years ago, belongs to late homo sapiens; Microlithic culture, Neolithic culture, bronze culture, iron culture.

Yangshao culture, Longshan culture, Banpo culture (the early Yangshao culture is now 1000 to 2000); Laoguantai culture (early Neolithic age, about 8000 years ago); A large number of stone axes and bone hoes were found in Yangshao cultural sites, indicating that agriculture was developed at that time. In addition, millet was found in a clay pot in the tomb, indicating that millet was the main crop at that time. The appearance of bone cones, bone needles and ancient wheels shows that the primitive residents at that time mastered the original sewing and textile technology. Many bones of pigs, cows and horses were found, indicating that animal husbandry had existed at that time. The appearance of stone arrowheads and bone arrowheads shows that bows and arrows were widely used at that time, and also shows that hunting life has changed to primitive animal husbandry and agriculture. Yangshao culture lasted from 5,000 years ago to about 2,500 years, and then merged with other cultures in the late Neolithic period, forming the later Xia and Shang cultures.

Longshan Cultural Site is located in Longshan Town, Zhangqiu County, Shandong Province, and was discovered on 1928. The production tools they use are stone axe, stone knife, stone sickle and so on. In addition, there are mussel sickle and double-toothed wood lei used for digging. They raise pigs, dogs, cows, sheep, chickens and horses. Longshan culture is also called black pottery culture. Black pottery products are delicate in texture and beautiful in shape. They are processed with ceramic wheels and fired in a kiln at high temperature (1000℃). The mastery of this high-temperature technology prepared for the arrival of the Bronze Age. Longshan culture is mainly divided into three types: Shaanxi, Henan and Shandong. Bronzes also appeared in the late Longshan culture site.