1, Historical Geography: Historical Geography is a discipline that studies the changes of geographical environment in human history and the relationship between environment and human beings and the development of human society. From the time point of view, historical geography mainly does not study the changes of geographical environment in prehistoric times, that is, geological times, nor the problems of contemporary geographical environment, but mainly studies the changes of geographical environment since the emergence of human beings and their relationship with human development.
2. Gong Yu Society: 1934 was initiated by Gu Jiegang and Tan Qixiang, and the Gong Yu Society was established in conjunction with the teachers and students of yenching university, Peking University and Fu Jen Catholic University (predecessor of Beijing Normal University), and the bimonthly Gong Yu was founded. The purpose of Gong Yu Society and the content of Gong Yu Bimonthly are mainly based on evolutionary geography.
Gong Yu, a bimonthly magazine, was founded from 1934 to 1937. It has published 7 volumes, 82 issues and 708 articles. The content of the article is mainly the revision of geographical records in past dynasties, the textual research on the evolution of territorial administrative regions in past dynasties, the change and abandonment of rivers, water conservancy and transportation, the distribution changes of ethnic minorities and population, and the study of ancient geographical works.
The Gong Yu Institution has also trained a large number of research talents for the academic circles of historical geography in China. Later, Hou Renzhi, Tan Qixiang and Shi Nianhai were all members of the Gong Yu Institution. The Gong Yu Institution promoted the development of modern historical geography in China and laid the foundation for the development of modern historical geography in China.
Desertification: refers to arid and semi-arid areas. In the historical period of mankind, due to human factors and natural conditions, changes similar to desert environment have taken place in primitive desert areas. There are two types of desertification in the historical period of China. First of all, deserts were formed in places that were not deserts in historical periods. These places are called eastern grasslands and desert areas.
Second! In principle, there are deserts, which have been further expanded in the historical period, mainly distributed in desert areas in the west. 4. Shell dike: It is a coastal sand dike formed by the accumulation of shell materials, and it is a natural ridge that grows on the beach and is arranged parallel to the coastline. Shell dikes can be used as a symbol of coastal evolution.
4. Shell dike: It is a coastal sand dike formed by the accumulation of shell materials, and it is a natural ridge that grows on the beach and is arranged parallel to the coastline. Shell dikes can be used as a symbol of coastal evolution.
5. Kyushu, Gong Yu: Kyushu does not exist, and it is an idealized understanding of future generations. Kyushu is a hypothetical administrative division of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. It is the concept of geographical area in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Kyushu includes Jizhou, Zhuangzhou, Qingzhou, Yangzhou, Jingzhou, Yuzhou, Yongzhou, Liangzhou and Xuzhou. Later, Kyushu became synonymous with China.
6. The Great Wall: The Great Wall is a long defense system formed by a castle with a wall necklace in ancient times, and it is an important fortification in the border areas in the era of cold weapons. The narrow sense of the Great Wall refers to the Great Wall of Wan Li, which started from the mouth of Yalu River in the east and reached Jiayuguan in the west, and was built in the Ming Dynasty. The Great Wall in a broad sense includes the Great Wall built in other places in China except the Ming Great Wall in the historical period.
7. Jiubian: In the Ming Dynasty, in order to strengthen the defensive power of the Great Wall, nine towns were set up on both sides of the Great Wall, called Jiubian, namely Jizhou Town, Fu Xuan Town, Datong Town, Shanxi Town, Yansui Town, Ningxia Town, Guyuan Town and Gansu Town.