First, the writer's works.

Ba Jin, the author of Light of Elk. Ba Jin's original name is Li Yaotang, and his word is Fu Gan. 1904 was born in Chengdu, Sichuan. 1923 broke through the feudal family cage and went to Shanghai and Nanjing to study. 1927—— 1928 lived in Paris and wrote and published his first novel, Death. After returning to China, he has published love trilogy (fog, rain and electricity), torrent trilogy (home, spring and autumn), cold night, rest garden and other works. His masterpiece "Home" vividly depicts the inside story of a big bureaucratic landlord's family life, profoundly exposes the darkness and decay in the last days of feudalism, accuses the old ethics and the evils of the old forces, and praises the awakening of intellectual youth in the early May 4th Movement and their struggle with the feudal forces. Besides novels, Ba Jin has more than ten collections of essays, such as Confessions of Life, Essays on a Journey, Tragedy in a Quiet Night, etc. His prose mostly describes the natural scenery and life world, full of enthusiasm for freedom and the pursuit of light, with fresh artistic conception and fluent language. After liberation, People's Literature Publishing House published fourteen volumes of Ba Jin's collected works.

Second, stylistic knowledge.

This article is a lyric prose, selected from the prose collection "Dragon". Tiger. Dogs. This article was written in March of 194 1 year, originally published in Shu Dao, the supplement of Chongqing Xinshu Newspaper in April of 1 year, and originally included in the prose collection Long. Tiger. Dog ",after income" ba jin anthology "tenth volume.

Third, the central idea.

By describing the author's memories, thoughts, thoughts and feelings when he returned to his hometown, this paper accuses the so-called "descendants of Changyi" feudal family of destroying young life and young mind, showing Ba Jin's deep sympathy for the victims and seeing the same situation when 18 came back, showing the author's clear understanding of the nature and stubbornness of feudal forces. From this, the author sums up a truth: wealth does not "grow for future generations", the way out lies in breaking with the old family, and young people should go out of the "narrow home" and "go to the broad world" to seek a bright future.

Fourth, hierarchical paragraphs.

The full text can be divided into four parts:

The first part, from 1 natural section to the fourth natural section.

18 what the main writers think and feel when they meet again after such a long separation. The author lingered outside his former residence with a cordial mood. When he saw the words "descendants of Changyi" embedded in the front door, his feelings were touched and he was caught by a strange feeling. So I began to recall the past before 18. The "descendants of Changyi" here have the function of pulling one hair and moving the whole body. The dim light shone on the front door of the former residence, but the light did not illuminate anything, but increased the darkness in my heart. When he looked at the dim light again, he suddenly thought of the lights on harish Island. This leads to the legend of the European elk and his sister. Then, the article naturally comes to the second part.

The second part, from the fifth paragraph to the ninth paragraph.

By writing the deep memory of my sister who was swallowed up by the old system. It is unnecessary to point out that the descendants living in this ancient family can only live and die alone. Feudal ethics, feudal family, this soft knife that kills people without seeing blood, I don't know how many young and kind people like my sister have been harmed. His works reveal a profound social problem: feudal families and feudal ethics devoured women and young people, and how many people's lives, energy, feelings, wealth and even laughter and tears.

The third part, from 10 natural section to 12 natural section.

The author spent fifty nights here, looking for a way of life. Criticize the poison of "Changyi descendants" to future generations. And pointed out: the light of elk will not lead me here.

Ba Jin put it well: wealth will not' grow for children'. Obviously, a wealthy feudal family, even with a lot of wealth, can't save the fate of generations of young people. Because the descendants living in such a wealthy family have no life skills and can't find the right life path. Even those young people with ideals and temperament in this family will be destroyed if they live on ancestral wealth and have no ability to stand on their own feet. The author criticizes it with an anti-judge attitude and absolutely says: this is not the place where I should come. The light of elk won't bring me here. Then, the way out is to get rid of the old family completely, enter the vast world and take your own new road.

The fourth part, from 13 to the end of the article.

Once again, the writer left the narrow "home" and walked into the vast world under the guidance of the lamp of "heart". On the morning of "a spring", the author left his childhood and adolescence home and rushed to the world with the sound of relatives and friends' farewell. Of course, leaving your home will inevitably lead to nostalgia and melancholy. It is the light in the author's heart that guides him to a new road, a bright "lamp", which enables him to overcome his sadness and devote himself firmly to this world.

Five, writing characteristics.

1. Lighting has profound symbolic significance, which makes the article full of poetry.

The three kinds of lights written in this paper all contain profound symbolic significance.

The first light: appears in the third paragraph: the dim light at the front door of the former residence. From the color point of view, this light is "a ray of light in the dark"; The author feels that "this does not illuminate anything, but increases the darkness in my heart", which makes him feel as if the water bowl full of hope has been broken. This light symbolizes the decline and collapse of the old family and old morality.

The second kind of light: the light on harish Island. That is, the light of my sister elk. This lamp contains the sad story of a brother and sister, symbolizing the tragedy of old family life and the disillusionment of hope.

The third kind of light: it is the "light in my heart" that appears in the last paragraph of the article. This kind of light appears on the author's way to the world, which symbolizes the author's belief in a new life and his pursuit of ideals.

2. Take the light as a clue to make the article seamless.

This paper takes "lighting" as the theme and "lighting" as the main thread throughout the whole article, making the article a perfect artistic whole. The author grasped the faint light standing in front of his former residence and suddenly remembered the light on harish Island. Thus, the memory of the fate of my sister, an old woman, was born and left. This leads to the criticism of the legacy of feudal families, "descendants of Changyi". Obviously, the light of elk won't bring me here. As a result, the author once again left the narrow "home" and devoted himself to the vast world. On the way, in the cauliflower in the field, he seemed to see the common light, which is the light of the soul that will always guide him forward. The author uses "light as" throughout the whole article, which embodies the process of the author's thoughts and feelings developing step by step, marks the deepening of the ideological content of the article and highlights the theme of the article.

3. Blend narrative, lyric and discussion in one furnace.

As a lyric prose, the author combines lyric, narrative and discussion with a strong feeling. Lyric, emotion moves with the scene; Narration, in chronological order; Discussion, profound and thorough, full of philosophy.

For example, at the beginning of the article, the narrative contains deep feelings and is born of scenery. Revisiting the old place, between the lines, all reveal the hatred of feudal families, feudal ethics, and nostalgia for relatives. Here, the author naturally combines narrative and lyricism. For another example, at the back of the article, the discussion about "descendants of Changyi" was full of critical emotions. With the deepening of the discussion, the author couldn't help shouting: "descendants of Changyi, I can't wait to erase these four words!" . Here, the author combines discussion, narration and lyricism, which makes the article full of touching artistic power.

Six, learning points

1. The article shows two paths of life: one is that the ancestors started a family business and accumulated wealth for their children and grandchildren according to the family instruction of "benefiting their children and grandchildren", in order to seek comfort and happiness for their children and grandchildren, but in essence, they ruined many lovely young lives, imprisoned the hearts of many outstanding young people and made many people embark on a gaunt life path. The other way is the way the author is taking, that is, to get rid of the feudal old family completely, rush out of the narrow "home" and move towards the broad world. The author clearly denies the life path arranged by the ancestors of the old family for their children and grandchildren, and celebrates his stepping out of the small world, stepping into the world more firmly and exploring a new life path.

2. Symbolic significance of lighting.

There are many lights in the article. There are three kinds of lights:

The first kind of light is the light shining in the gate of the third section of the former residence. This light is a ray of light in the darkness, which does not illuminate anything. On the contrary, it increases the darkness in the author's heart and makes him feel that the water bowl of hope seems to be broken. This kind of light represents the author's former residence, symbolizes the narrow "home", symbolizes the decline and sorrow of the old family and old ethics.

The second kind of light is the light on harish Island, which is the light of my sister Elk. This light contains a sad story, which not only shows the feelings of brothers and sisters, but also symbolizes suffering and disillusionment of hope.

The third kind of light is the light in my heart. This light is displayed on the author's way to the wider world. It symbolizes the light, the author's firm belief in life and the pursuit of ideals.

3. Lighting is a clue that runs through the whole article.

This paper takes "lighting" as the topic, and also takes lighting as the clue to start the full text. At the beginning of the article, the author stood in front of his former residence, which had given Ba Jin pain and disappointment, and mixed with the faint light in front of him, reminding the author of the tragic light of the elk. Subsequently, the lighting of the elk aroused the author's memory of his sister, and he realized the evil of this old family and old ethics more clearly about the love between brother and sister and the tragic experience of his sister. Therefore, the criticism of feudal families is related to the "descendants of Changyi" on the zhaobi. Thus lit the author's spiritual light, and he pointed out the life path that young people should take.

On the one hand, the author uses "lighting" as a lyric clue to connect the full text, on the other hand, he highlights and links the main content of criticizing "Changyi descendants" in the article through "lighting", which makes the author's thoughts more hierarchical with the advancement of emotion. The weak light reflects the decline of the old home, and then points out the inevitability of its decline through the transition from the light of elk to the exposure and accusation of the old home, and then educates people from the opposite side and urges them to recognize the life path they should take. This is the inherent meaning and logic of the full text.

4. The relationship between the memory of my sister's tragedy and the theme of the work.

The relationship between the author's memory of his sister's tragedy and the theme of the work is the relationship between the examples and conclusions of the article. My sister is a kind young woman who should have a long-term happiness, but she died tragically and prematurely, and even got a cold shoulder after her death. This memory of the author exposes the evil of the old family and the old ethics that made youth and life miserable, and reminds people from the opposite side with this living fact: to rush out of the narrow "home" and pursue a different life.

Seven, difficult words.

(1) The words "descendants of Changyi" are embedded there.

Zhaobi: A wall used as a barrier in a gate. The descendants of Changyi: for the benefit of future generations and shared by future generations.

(2) I seem to see the lights on Halihik Island.

Lights on harish Island: This is an ancient European legend. The lights on harish Island were lit by Sister Elk.

(3) those terrible nightmares!

Nightmare: It is the horror and nightmare in the dream.

(4) Many people suffer in this small circle.

Bitterness: Bitterness takes time.