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On the Influence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism on the Development of Shinto in Japan
Shintoism is the national religion of Japan, referred to as Shintoism for short. Developed from primitive religion in Japan, it was originally based on worshipping natural elves and ancestors. During the 5th and 6th centuries, it absorbed the ethics of Confucianism in China and some teachings or thoughts of Buddhism and Taoism, and gradually formed a relatively complete religious system. It can be roughly divided into three systems: shrine Shinto, sect Shinto and folk Shinto. Believing in many gods, it is said that there are 800,000 gods, 8 million gods or15 million gods, especially worshipping the ancestor god as the sun god-Zhao Tianshen. It is said that the Japanese nation is a "celestial nation", the emperor is a descendant of the gods and is their representative in the world, and the Mikado system is a divine system. The place of worship is called a shrine or shrine, and the clergy is called an official palm. Before the Meiji Restoration (1868), Buddhism prevailed and Shinto was in a subordinate position, and the combination of them formed two major Shinto doctrines: Shinto and Tiantai Shinto. During the Tokugawa shogunate (1603 ~ 1867), some Shinto scholars combined the Shinto doctrine of worshipping the gods with Zhu's Neo-Confucianism in China's Song Dynasty, emphasizing respect for the emperor and loyalty to the monarch and advocating the independence of Shinto. As a result, there have been schools such as Yoshikawa Shinto, the only foot of Yoshikawa, and the wise Shinto of Yamazaki Mizhai. In the late Tokugawa period, it was initiated by Huo Da, a spring horse. After Mao Zhenyuan, Ben Ju Xuan Chang and Hirata Duyin, it gradually formed a retro Shinto. According to Historical Records, Records of Japan and other ancient Japanese books, this paper expounds Shintoism, opposes Shintoism to dress up Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, explains Shintoism with some Confucian, Buddhist and Taoist theories and some western theological thoughts, and advocates the establishment of a world order with Japan as the center and Shinto as the ruling ideology. At the same time, on the basis of traditional Shinto belief, a number of Shinto belief groups were formed one after another by absorbing theological theories such as retro Shinto, which was later called sectarian Shinto. After the Meiji Restoration, in order to consolidate the imperial power, the Shinto of the shrine was regarded as a national Shinto. After World War II, it was defined as a folk religion according to Japan's new religious law.

Shinto shrine

The subject of Shinto. Named after the shrine is the main place of worship and the center of religious activities. It is also called offering sacrifices to the gods and ancestors of heaven and earth, and it is also called offering sacrifices to Shinto. Believing in the emperor's ancestors, God shines on heaven, and advocates the unity of jade emperor and political sacrifice. After the Meiji Restoration, he lived in the state religion and was called the national Shinto. Closely integrate with the state in administration and education, and carry out the education of respecting god, patriotism, ancestors and emperors. There are more than 80,000 shrines, large and small, in China, one of which is the Ise Shrine dedicated to the gods. Meiji Jingu who offered sacrifices to Emperor Meiji; The list of officers and men who died in the civil war and the war of aggression in the last hundred years after the Meiji Restoration includes the Yasukuni Shrine where tojo hideki and other Class A war criminals were hanged by the Far East military court.

Main classics

1. Three volumes of ancient stories.

During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, A great courtier An Lvwan wrote Five Years of Peace and Copper (7 12). The first volume is Brandon, which records the time from the beginning of the world to the birth of Emperor Jimmu (referring to Emperor Jimmu, that is, Xu Fu's), including myths such as the beginning of heaven and earth, the formation of the earth, the shining of the sky, the house of heaven and earth, the life given by Ohrennuxi and the arrival of his grandson. In the middle volume, it is recorded that Emperor Jin Mu sent a message to Emperor Shen Ying; The second volume records all kinds of legends from Emperor Rende to Emperor Tugu.

2. The Book of Japan

Also known as "Japan Ji", 30 volumes. In the fourth year of Jacky's reign (720), he was ordered to write by Prince Taian Ma Lu. The first and second volumes are gods, and the third to thirtieth volumes record historical legends and facts from Emperor Jimmu to the Emperor.

Main god

1. Three gods of nature.

The ancient books recorded the earliest palace gods, palace gods and jade emperor gods after the formation of heaven and earth. These three gods created everything, and as the highest primitive god in the sky at the beginning of heaven and earth, they were called the primitive god in the palace, and they were especially respected together with the primitive god in the palace.

2. Louis Nozun (also known as the life of Xie Yi Ziner).

According to Japanese Shintoism, the male god, the last pair of spouse gods among the seven generations of gods, together with the goddess Yujizun (also known as izanami's life) became the generations of gods in Japanese territory. It is said that Er Shen was ordered by the gods to create eight continents (Japanese territory), mountains, rivers, plants and all kinds of gods that dominate everything, including the gods, life, Su Zun and so on.

3. The country will always be respected.

The first god who appeared after the opening of heaven and earth was the first generation of the seven gods. The first volume of Record of Japan records: "Heaven and earth were first created, and heaven and earth created a reed-shaped thing, which became a god and the country was always respected."

4.Okuninushi's life.

He is also the god of great powers, the god of national creation, also known as the ugly man of Weiyuan, the god of eight thousand gods, and his life is precious. Make a god for the country. According to "Historical Records", the great god of a big country, under the orders of God, jointly manages land, reclaims land, builds water conservancy, opens mountains and forests, develops animal husbandry, and eliminates disasters and cures diseases. After that, he gave the land to Tiansun Qiongqiong and devoted himself to the "quiet world".

5. The gods in the sky shine.

Also known as "God of the Great Emperor according to Heaven" and "God of the Great Emperor according to Heaven" [this word can't be found, because there are three female characters side by side under the rain word], the big sun is expensive, and Ise Jingu Palace calls it "God of the Great Emperor according to Heaven"; It is the goddess of the sun, and the Japanese emperor respects it as the ancestor god. "A Record of Japan" said that after Izumo Zun and Izumo Zun gave birth to eight continents, mountains and vegetation, "it was discussed that I gave birth to eight continents and mountains, why not give birth to the Lord of the world?" So symbiotic sun god, big day [what's that word, the same as before] expensive. "Later, Sun Qiongqiong was sent to rule" Weiyuan China "(Japan), so the descendants of Zhao Tianshen ruled Japan as emperor for generations.

6. Joan died.

Also known as Tenshindon Yan Yan Huo Qiong pestle, Shintoism called him the grandson of a god (Tiansun or Sun Huang) and was ordered by the god to rule Japan. According to Japanese books, the gods of heaven held a meeting with the gods of Emperor Gao, and sent Joan and Joan pestle to command King's Landing in Weiyuan China.

Shrine and shrine

A place to worship gods. Originally, it was a place where farming ceremonies were held in rural areas, and it was called Li Shen (evergreen trees were planted around it, and clean land in the middle was used as a place to worship gods) or Pan Jing (stones were placed around it and served as shrines). Later, it developed into houses and temples, offering sacrifices to the gods on time. There have always been many shrines. According to the "Yan Xi-style Name List" in the middle period of Heian (794 ~ 1 192), there were 286 shrines recognized by the state at that time. At the end of Meiji, there were more than 1 1 10,000. According to the statistics of 1975, there are more than 80,000 shrines in China.

Shrine is a kind of shrine, and its status is generally higher than that of shrine. According to the Yan Xi-style Description of the Names of Gods in the middle of Ping 'an, the shrines that were allowed to be called "palaces" at that time included the Imperial Great God Palace and Fengshou Great God Palace in Yi Shi (now Mie County), as well as two other palaces, namely, the Famine Sacrifice Palace, Luoyuan Palace, Naiqi Palace in Izzo, Harle Palace, Gaogong Palace and Shimonoseki Palace. Among them, Ise Jingu is the most influential.

Theories and schools

From the beginning of the ninth century to the Meiji Restoration, Japanese Buddhism was very popular, and Shinto once became a vassal of Buddhism because it did not have a strict doctrine system and a complete organization. Buddhism applies the theory of local traces to the explanation of gods worshipped by Shintoism, and holds that buddhas or bodhisattvas are native or local. The god of Japanese Shintoism is the incarnation (or doppelganger) of Buddha or Bodhisattva in response to machine words, which is called hanging trace; Sometimes Japanese gods are considered as the protectors of Buddhism. Under the guidance of this theory, two shinto and Tiantai shinto have been formed successively.

1. Two Shinto.

Also known as the fusion of two parts (originally a combination) Shinto or Shinto. The two parts refer to the realm of King Kong and the realm of fetal hiding as mentioned by Buddhism and Shinto, and the harmony refers to the integration of Buddhism and Shinto. For example, Volume 69 of Japan's "Collected Works of Luoshan" said: "The so-called two parts, who are familiar with Shinto, are the most pure and empty Samanas, who are in harmony with Buddhism and Taoism, and have a rigid alloy, which hides the realm of Yin and Yang, so they think that God and Buddhism are one." This Shinto theory is based on the theory of local relics and the thought of Shinto. It holds that the basic elements of the world are diamond realm (wisdom, mind and knowledge) and fetal realm (reason, color, earth, water, fire, wind and qi), and Tathagata unifies these two parts. It is a great day for the fetus to hide the world. It is a big day for King Kong to be blessed by the Great God in the Outer Palace. From the Kamakura era to the Muromachi era (about13rd century to15th century), the teachings were gradually systematized. The main documents are Ji and Jian banknotes.

2. Tiantai Shinto. Also known as Riji Shinto (because the mountain king is in Riji Shrine), the mountain king is Shinto. It is based on the doctrine of harmony between the three truths on the roof. It is believed that Sakyamuni is the noumenon of all gods and beings, and it is also the noumenon of Hiei Mountain, a Japanese Tiantai Sect that protects the mountain king. Shanjia (Tiantai Sect) draws emptiness, falsehood and neutralization in three vertical positions, and draws a word in one horizontal position, which means that three truths are one; Similarly, King Shandawang's king's character is three truths in horizontal painting, and one in vertical painting is one and three truths. Japanese Tiantai Sect used this theory to demonstrate the significance of being the same as Buddha. The main documents are Shanjia Biography and Sanbao Abbot Collection.

After Japan entered the Kamakura shogunate (1 192 ~ 1333), it established a samurai rule system based on feudal lords' economy. The old Buddhist sects in religious circles, such as Tiantai Sect and Shintoism, are declining day by day, while the newly established Pure Land Sect, Shintoism and Lin Ji and the newly introduced Cao Dongzong from China spread rapidly. There are also Shintoism sects in the Shintoism circle that oppose Shintoism's attachment to Buddhism, among which the influential ones are: ① Ise Shintoism. /kloc-Founded by Ise Shinto Palace in the 4th century, it is also called Waigong Shinto or Waigong Shinto, because it worships the loyalty of officials and makes them prosperous. This paper denies the theory of local traces and puts forward a systematic Shinto theory with Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism as the main body. It is believed that the Yuan God of the universe is the eternal statue of the country, and the miracle he created is called the God, and Er Shen is an organic whole. The primitive god of the universe has the water virtue as the first of the five elements, while the rich recipient of Yi Shi's outer palace is the water god and the god of food, which is the same as the main god of heaven; The celestial god worshipped by Yi Shi's inner palace is the sun god, which has the virtue of fire and is interdependent with the rich and accepting god. He also emphasized the jade emperor's thought of unification, saying that "the sun is big, and the god is also cloudy." ..... The inner evidence of God is king, showing mercy and sharing dust; For your external use, Zhao Jian is about to rule the country. " They also pay attention to the propaganda of feudal morality. The main literature is five books of Shinto. ② Yoshida Shinto. It was founded by Yoshida Kanetomo, an official who offered sacrifices to Yoshida Shrine in Kyoto during the Muromachi period (1469 ~ 1487) (the ancestral name is Bubu, which means descendants of wizards, and the family runs a career). Also known as Bubu Shinto, the only Shinto (saying that Japan has only Shinto since ancient times, and it is "pure"). Oppose the Shinto theory that "Buddha follows God", and think that the fundamental God of the universe is Tai Yuan Zun God, which is called Li Guochang Zun in Japanese Historical Records and is the noumenon of all things; Not that God is the incarnation of Buddha, but that Buddha is the incarnation of God; Shinto is the way to protect the heart from ghosts and gods; The human heart has seven functions: joy, anger, sorrow, joy, love, evil and desire, and five functions: birth, growth, illness, old age and death. To make these functions work normally, it is necessary to practice "internal and external cleanliness". It is claimed that the Shinto created is rootless and inherent in Japan. The main documents are the essence of Shintoism and the collection of unique Shintoism names and laws.

During the edo period (1603 ~ 1867), Confucianism became independent from Buddhism and developed rapidly. Some Shinto scholars absorbed Confucianism, especially Zhu's Neo-Confucianism, and established a Shinto school with a harmonious combination of Confucianism and Taoism, including: ① Jichuan Shinto. Also known as Neo-Confucianism Shinto. Founder Ji Chuan first learned Shinto from his grandfather, then from Yoshida Manabu, and absorbed Zhu Neo-Confucianism. Taiji in Zhu's Neo-Confucianism is considered as the national system of Japan. All gods are concrete manifestations of Tai Chi. He called the shinto of general shrine the shinto of law and criticized it. He called his Shinto the Shinto that rules the world, and praised Confucian ethics, especially emphasizing the way of monarch and minister, saying that the way of human relations is the highest, and this loyalty runs through the way of husband and wife, the way of father and son, the way of brothers and friends, and "the way of monarch and minister is not easy to last." Middle earth is the mother of all things in the five elements, and gold is the most important of the five elements. For people, it is righteousness and "respect"; Respect and righteousness are integrated, which is the basis of ethics. The main documents are Brandon's total notes, Shinto's total notes, Japanese Shinto principles, and Brandon's complete copying. (2) Hang Shinto. Yamazaki dark lent was established. A dark Zhai knows Jia, and the word respects him. This is the number of dark lent. When he was young, he became a monk. Later, he studied Zhu's studies and returned to Confucianism. In his later years, he learned Shinto from He Ji, and combined Zhu's Neo-Confucianism with Shinto, and established the vertical Shinto. The word "hanging armor" is taken from the name of "hanging armor spiritual society" granted by Wei Zu of Ji Chuan, and originally comes from the classic "Woji Named the Century" of Metropolitan Shinto: "God hangs his prayer first. I don't know if this is the origin of the name of the bodhi old zu in Myouga, Inuyasha. The motto of Dark Lent is "God prays, Myouga is upright". His Shinto theory holds that "Tao is the sun [or unknown word] and teaching is the teaching of apes and celestial beings", and apes and celestial beings are the gods who rule the world to meet the sun; Explain the myth of gods in past dynasties with Zhu's theory of qi and five elements, and match seven generations of gods with yin and yang and five elements; Advocate respect for the emperor, loyalty to the monarch and righteousness, and promote the kingdom thought with Japan as the world center. The main documents are Brandon, Haofeng Shuicao, and Sanguisorba.

From the Yuan Lu period in the Edo period (1688 ~ 1703) to the Meiji Restoration, the theoretical system of restoring ancient Shinto was completed by China scholar Chuntian Manchun, He Maozhen Yuan and Ben Xuanchang to Hirata Duyin, and Shinto was opposed to being attached to Buddhism or Confucianism, and Japanese classics and Shinto were interpreted by Confucianism (in fact, Japanese classics were not shamanism of Tungusic people who immigrated to Japan). The world is divided into two realms: the manifest (the present world) and the secluded (the world after death) [Ah, many Japanese cartoons and games accept this theory, sometimes with different names, which are called eternal and secular in the Legend of Moonlight Swordsman]. The real world is ruled by the Emperor, the son of the Emperor of Heaven, and the world after death is ruled by the Imperial censor before his death [Alas, Yoshikazu Yasuhiko's Imperial censor seems to be. People will be tried in the underworld after death. Get different results according to different behaviors before death; Those who become gods will live forever. It is believed that filial piety is the most important thing in ethics, and the broad sense of filial piety includes filial piety to parents, respect for God and loyalty to the emperor. It is argued that the Japanese nation is a descendant of the gods, and when it rules the world, its national system and throne have supreme dignity. His thought had a great influence on the restoration of Meiji Restoration [the theoretical mentor of the King-respecting School] and was also the main theoretical basis of Shinto in modern shrines. The main documents are Tian Qingmei's Xing Xue, Zhi Pi Lin, Baiyu Pian, Biography of Pepsi, General Introduction to Ancient Roads, General Introduction to Vulgar Shinto Taoism and so on.

Shinto Sect

After the Meiji Restoration at the end of Edo, on the basis of traditional Shinto belief, many Shinto belief groups were formed one after another by absorbing theological theories such as retro Shinto. Among them, there are thirteen schools with great influence, which are collectively called sectarian Shinto. Although these sects mainly believe in Shintoism, each faction has its own ancestors, independent doctrines and relatively strict religious organizations; And generally do not take the shrine as the activity center. After World War II, many new Shinto groups separated from these sects.

Shinto

Formerly known as Shinto Bureau, it was renamed as 1940. After the Meiji Restoration, a large-scale teaching institute was established, and Shinto missionaries were sent to the whole country to spread Shinto. Later, under the pressure of public opinion demanding freedom of belief, the University of Education was dissolved. 1875, a part of Shinto clergy jointly formed Shinto Affairs Bureau to contact the national shrine and publicize Shinto teachings. 1876, black religion and Shinto became independent from Shinto Bureau. 1882, Shinto Bureau became an independent folk sect, namely Shinto Bureau. The doctrine is similar to Shintoism in general shrines.

Black residential religion

/kloc-At the beginning of the 0/9th century, Black Pig was founded. After Meiji Restoration, it was once incorporated into Shinto Affairs Bureau and soon became independent. People who claim to be loyal to living in the dark are ancestors, and take his book Teaching in the Dark as a classic. It is believed that the gods in the sky not only shine on the origin of the country and the ancestors of the royal family, but also shine on the "Dayuanling" of the universe. If people experience its sacred virtue, they can achieve the unity of God and man and gain immortal great life. The gods shine through "sincerity", and their noumenon is the will of the gods, also called heaven; Therefore, believing in heaven and happiness is sincerity. Set the seven commandments and ask believers to be pious, humble and hardworking.

Shinto became a school.

Also known as Shinto Shinto. In the early years of Meiji, Xintianbang was founded first. The theory of retro Shinto is called the basic doctrine. Think that the human heart is given by the gods, and there is no evil; Don't lose your kindness by doing the right thing. The root of self-cultivation is "strengthening", that is, keeping one's duty and being diligent. The sergeant is good at martial arts and loyal to the country; Do your best for agriculture, industry and commerce and behave correctly.

Izumo Dashejiao

In the early years of Meiji, Ganjia Zunfu was established. Onuchi's life is the main god, and he worships the three gods of nature and the gods at the same time. It is believed that the creator is the origin of all things in the universe. Although everything is different, its origin is one. The integration of politics and religion centered on the emperor is in line with God's will. He claimed that he should serve the country to the royal family and fulfill his responsibilities as a subject.

Fusang religion

In the early edo period, the cave [originally with six characters, but no font] was founded by Nosaka. Hasegawa's behavior and the ancestor of Toyomachi in the period of Antu Taoshan (/kloc-the second half of the 6th century) were canons of Shende Sutra and Li Shen Yao Yao. The three natural gods, such as the Lord God of Fengtian Yuzhong, are the main gods, and they worship the gods such as Zhao Tianshen. Shinto is the essence of national law and the extension and embodiment of the spirit and morality of our ancestors. The Shinto mentioned by this school actually refers to the retro Shinto, ancient road or avenue.

God learned to teach.

In the 14th year of Meiji (188 1), Fangcun was founded by Bing Zheng. Worship the three natural gods, such as the Lord of the Palace, and take Fangcun's "Essentials of Doctrine" as the classics. It is claimed that the retro Shinto is "the natural way of heaven and earth", which runs through heaven and earth, ancient and modern China and foreign countries. Those who preach this doctrine must cultivate the spirit internally, practice the doctrine externally and study the hidden meaning of God, so as to move the world. There are ten religious commandments, the general idea of which is to respect God and patriotism, be loyal to the monarch and filial to parents, be modest and prudent, and be diligent in business.

Yuyuejiao

The decline in the early Meiji period should help to establish. Taking the country as the main god, the country will always be respected, the big one is precious, and Xiaoyan is famous. Advocating "carrying forward the virtues of the three gods" and "promoting the righteousness of respecting the emperor and patriotism", the villain makes people do their best and do their best; If it is big, it will help national politics and make the country peaceful.

Shinrikyo

In the early years of Meiji, Sano Keiji was founded. Originally a Shinto Bureau, it was later under the jurisdiction of Yue religion and became independent in 1894. Worship the gods, take the three zhangs proposed by the government as the basic teachings (that is, respecting the gods and patriotism, caring for humanity tomorrow, respecting the emperor, and keeping the imperial edict), publicize and abide by the inherent laws of nature, and make a living with peace of mind. It is believed that all diseases are born from the heart, as long as the heart is straight, all diseases will disappear and all diseases will be cured; He also advocated Confucian loyalty to the monarch, filial piety, benevolence and birthright. People also believe that there are gods in language and teach the so-called "Ling Xue".

Jinguangjiao

At the end of Edo and the beginning of Meiji, Kawashou Bunjiro (also known as Akasaka Sandwich, later renamed Golden God) was founded. After China's theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements was introduced into Japan, people began to worship the Golden God (one of the Five Elements), saying that the Golden God was in charge of fighting, chaos, floods, droughts and plagues and marched in different directions on time. If people's behavior goes against their position, they will be worshipped and suffered. Chuanshou believes that the golden god is at work because of the constant death of his family and livestock, and his belief in the golden god is getting deeper and deeper. Later, he claimed that the Golden God taught him the title of "Golden God", thus creating teaching. Transform the golden god, which has always been regarded as a fierce god, into a god of compassion, calling it the golden god or the golden god of heaven and earth, and calling itself the god of the universe itself and the ancestor of mankind; Because of its divine virtue, everything can grow and be educated. People should thank God for his grace and believe in Guangjin. Advocating respect for god and patriotism, believing that faith, loyalty and filial piety are one.

Jiao jiao

In the last year of the Edo period, Zheng Tie Inoue was founded. Since ancient times, Japanese Shintoism has believed that people are guilty and dirty, so they should be washed clean in rivers and seas after disasters, which is called "rudder". Broadly speaking, rudder also includes rudder, that is, praying for God's repentance to eliminate their evil deeds. This religion is named after its spread based on Shinto. It claims that through sincere moral practice, you can be in the same spirit with God; Believers should respect God and the emperor and serve the country diligently.

Dachengjiao

Hirayama province was founded in the early Meiji period. In addition to offering sacrifices to the Lord God and other gods in the palace, he also offered sacrifices to his ancestors Hirayama Province, which is regarded as the life of Hongdao in Shan Yan. Emphasize the reverence for the emperor and clarify the rules. The practice method allows you to sit still and adjust your breath, and swear to God to achieve "internal and external peace".

Trial teaching

In the early Meiji period, Shibata Huashou was founded on the basis of Fusang. Ancestor of respecting Fusang Hasegawa's behavior ancestor. Advocate "the only way of God" (that is, the way of restoring ancient ways). Oppose "empty theory" and "empty rhetoric", pay attention to "implementation", and ask believers to publicize Shinto teachings, worship and pray, abide by ethics, climb Mount Fuji on time, and pray for national peace and endless treasures.

Tianli society

At the end of Edo, Nakayama Miko was founded. Sun Yat-sen was originally a housewife of a landlord family in Nara County. Later, she claimed to be the Heavenly Emperor (formerly known as the Heavenly Wheel God) and founded religion. The ten deities of Japanese Shintoism, such as Li Guochang Zun and others, are collectively called Tian Li God or Tian Li Wang Zun as the main gods. 1970, this religion quit the Shinto Federation and became one of the new sects in Japan.

Big Ben religion

Zushang Export was originally a peasant woman in Kyoto Prefecture, living in poverty and believing in Guangjin religion. At the age of 52, the eldest daughter and three daughters were insane. She claimed to be possessed by the golden god, wrote an Oracle, and claimed to rebuild the "three thousand worlds" with the power of the golden god. 1897 broke away from guangjin religion and gained rapid development among farmers and citizens. After his death, his son-in-law, Wang Rensaburo, an exporter, mastered the right to teach, and the Big Ben religion further developed. In terms of doctrine, it absorbed some Buddhist ideas and some folk beliefs. Claiming that the real world has declined and must be rebuilt, the ideal Maitreya world will come [Maitreya world? This guy plagiarized Shinrikyo and criticized the real society and western culture. Wang Rensaburo, an exporter, knows how to "resurrect" and gives a new explanation to the straight Oracle. It is said that the golden god is an eternal statue of the country and will appear again then. Knock down evil spirits and build a real empire. Due to the rapid development of sects, the doctrine contains factors that deny the real society, which aroused the suspicion of the authorities and was suppressed twice in 192 1 and 1935 (Japanese version of a domestic work, haha). After the First World War, it adopted Esperanto and Roman characters, put forward the slogan that human beings love goodness and all religions have the same roots, and actively carried out activities abroad. 1925 established the "Human Association" to cooperate with some spiritual groups in Asia, Europe and the United States and call for world peace and human love. Reconstruction after World War II, actively participating in the world federal movement and the anti-nuclear and anti-war movement; Internally, it advocates maintaining a peaceful constitution and opposing the resurrection of militarism. Classic Oracle, straightforward, spiritual story, exported to Wang Rensaburo [sounds like a tour of Bai Shu ...].

Emerging religious groups separated from Big Ben include: ① Home of Growth. Ancestor Yachun Taniguchi was born in a peasant family. He studied at Waseda University and dropped out. Later, he believed in Big Ben and became the editor of the magazine Gods. Starting from 1929, he published the magazine "Growing House" (later renamed as "The Reality of Life"), absorbed Buddhism, Shinto, Christianity and western philosophical thoughts, and founded doctrines and sects. It is believed that the universe is an infinite flowing life, and Sakyamuni Buddha is this kind of life. Buddhism was introduced into Europe to form Kant and Hegel's philosophy, which is consistent with the "pure Japanese philosophy" recorded in ancient books (ridiculous, I beg to differ). During the Second World War, he turned to the National Shinto to explain his teachings, saying that the universe is a god in the sky and various phenomena are the manifestations of the emperor's life. All religions originated from the emperor, claiming that Japan's "imperial army" is the stock of the emperor who created the universe and should exist forever; According to the will of the gods, Japan should rule the world. After the war, American psychosomatic medicine was absorbed and the theory was revised. It advocates the restoration of the constitution of the Emperor, with the Emperor as the head of state, the state running the Yasukuni Shrine and opposing abortion. 1964, the political association of the growing house was established. ② World Salvation Church. Godfather Okada Jimao once ran a business, believed in Big Ben, and served as the minister of excessive companies. Later, it was thought that Big Ben's method of treating diseases with * spoonfuls of "spiritual power" was not effective, so he adopted acupressure therapy and established the Great Japan Guanyin Society (later called the Great Japan Health Care Association) to practice the Okada-style god acupressure therapy and promote medical treatment. During World War II, Japan was in short supply of medicines and fertilizers. Okada put forward the theory of poisonous natural farmers, claiming that the disease itself can regulate the purification of disorder in the body, and it can be cured by its own resistance without taking medicine; It is said that medicine is poisonous and taking medicine is harmful to the body; The palm of your hand contains energetic waves, which can not only expel toxins from your body, but also increase your physical strength. It is also said that chemical fertilizer is toxic, which will hinder the growth of crops, but with the help of Ling Bo, it will promote the growth of crops. That's the name of the post-war reorganization. Okada also proposed to establish a paradise on earth without disease, poverty and disputes. To this end, an art museum was set up in the root box, and a crystal pavilion and garden were set up in Rehai as the initial measures of this idea. 1955 After Okada's death, his wife inherited the second generation leader, reformed the doctrine, emphasized the ethical rules of daily life, removed the obviously absurd parts of poison theory and spiritual world theory, and actively preached to the outside world. (3) liberal church. Call yourself PL order. PL is the abbreviation of English Perfect Liberty, which means complete freedom. It is also called human morality, light religion or human Taoism. Founder Yu Mudeyi was born in a merchant family. At the age of 9, due to family bankruptcy, he entered the Buddhist temple and became a monk. At the age of 39, he returned to the secular world and later became a disciple of Deguang, a subordinate of Yue religion. 1924, Imperial Wood was established as a moral light religion and later renamed as a Taoist group. It is believed that the only God is the God in the sky, and the emperor's educational decree is canon, which requires believers to be filial to their parents, be friends with brothers, live in harmony with husband and wife, and be diligent in their careers. After World War II, it was renamed the Order of PL. Yu Mu, the second generation leader, recently declared that God is the motive force that makes the universe move according to a certain order and law, and that man is the creation of the son of God and a manifestation of God. People can only survive by following God's laws, and all misfortunes and diseases are born from the "I" who is divorced from the laws. Only by abandoning "I" can we get freedom and happiness; Everything in life is your own expression, and you can live creatively with free will; Life is art. In the social aspect, pay attention to moral preaching, such as the orderly way of old and young, the way of men and women.

Folk shinto

General Shinto beliefs popular among Japanese people, such as believing in land gods and house gods, paying attention to the ritual of offering sacrifices to ancestors, and witchcraft customs such as divination, spells and witch doctors. In fact, there is no strict difference between Shinto and shrine.

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