Because many Japanese comic stories are based on this, such as Rogue Mark, Inuyasha and A Resting Monk. This "era" of Japan can be understood as the "dynasty" of China. Since the Paleolithic Age, Japan has been divided into 16 periods, and Edo is one of them. In fact, Edo is a Japanese place name, and this era is also known as the Tokugawa era.
For the time being, it is an authority of Japan to understand the shogunate as the government. The Edo period in Japan, like China from the end of Ming Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty, belonged to the last feudal dynasty ruled by Wu.
Because the biggest feudal Lord was the general, he directly managed a quarter of the country's land and many important cities, and the rest was divided into more than 200 "vassals", large and small, and the lords had to obey the general.
General and Shinichi (the name of feudal lords in ancient Japan) both raised their own vassals, that is, warriors, which formed the foundation of the Tokugawa era, thus forming a feudal rule system composed of shogunate and vassals, that is, the curtain minister system.
Ukiyo-e originally borrowed from the woodcut techniques in ancient China, so it originally existed in the form of novel illustrations or folk story picture books.
We can understand that the Japanese in the Edo period borrowed the techniques of China's Ming and Qing woodcut prints and hatched Ukiyo-e paintings, because the Ming and Qing dynasties were the heyday of woodcut prints, and almost every book had illustrations.
Every illustration was carefully made, because there were many famous literati involved at that time. For example, there is a person everyone must know, and that is Tang Yin (Tang Bohu) who once created illustrations for The West Chamber.
The origin and history of ukiyo-e painting, that is, Japanese genre painting and printmaking. It is an artistic wonder with unique national characteristics that rose during the Edo period in Japan (1603 ~ 1867, also known as the Tokugawa shogunate period), and it is a typical flower street and Liuxiang art. It mainly describes people's daily life, scenery and drama. Ukiyo-e painting is often referred to as color printing woodcut (called brocade painting in Japanese), but there are actually hand-painted works. Historical ukiyo-e painting literally means "vain world painting" "Floating world" comes from Buddhist terminology, meaning reincarnation of life and death, and the world is empty. That is, this shore or filthy land, that is, worrying about the world or the world. Since the word "floating world" appeared in Japanese, it has always implied the meaning of pornography and debauchery. Therefore, ukiyo-e painting is a painting that depicts the customs of the world. Ukiyo-e painters are mostly Jian Ye School and Tosa School. This is because these painting schools were very prominent at that time, and many painters who were expelled and rejected by these painting schools turned to Ukiyo-e painting. The calendar year from the early Ming Dynasty (1March 2, 657) to Bao Li (175 1 year ~ 1763). Ukiyo-e paintings in this period were mainly hand-painted and monochrome woodcut printing (called ink folding). Hishikawa Moronobu's masterpiece "Seeing Beauty Return" 65438+In the second half of the 7th century, Hishikawa Moronobu, who was honored as the "ancestor of ukiyo-e painting" by later generations, drew many popular picture books and floating grass seeds, among which "Seeing Beauty Return to the Lung" was his masterpiece. The Sexy Generation of Men (published in 1682) has a description of 12 ukiyo-e painting on a fractured fan, which is the earliest document in the known data (2005). During the Qing Dynasty in torii, works created in colors other than ink began to appear, mainly red. Dan (reddish brown) is called Dan, and the red one is called red. There are also works that add two or three colors to red, called red folding. It is worth mentioning that at that time, torii School cooperated closely with kabuki industry to design and draw kanban for kabuki. Today, the kanban of modern kabuki still retains the style handed down at that time. Mid-Ming Dynasty and culture from 2 years (1765) to 3 years (1806). Brocade was born in this period. Because the monthly card painting is very popular among arrogant people and enthusiasts, a social activity of exchanging monthly cards and paintings appeared in Ming and 2 years. In order to meet this large demand, Suzuki Harunobu and others invented the Jin Dong through multi-color printing, and the ukiyo-e culture officially entered its heyday. Since multicolor printing requires repeated coloring, the technology and method of how to mark "when you see it" have been developed, and high-quality paper that can withstand repeated printing, such as Qian Yue book delivery paper made of raw materials, and a low-cost paper, have been adopted. The style of figure painting in this period has also changed, from the initial illusory doll style to realism. During Ernst & Young's period (1772- 1780), Wei Bei's realistic beauty paintings were well received. Haruka Katsumawa brought realism to kabuki portraits called "servants". After that, the famous Beichuan Song O painted many beautiful pictures with slender and elegant brushwork, mainly the head. In the second year (1790), the shogunate implemented a printed matter censorship system called "printing reform" and began to control the printed matter content. In the seventh year of Kuanzheng (1795), in order to make a comeback, Tanya Chongsaburo, the publisher confiscated for violating the ban, cooperated with the painter Dongzhou Blade S to publish many servants with unique style and exaggerated brushwork. Although it once caused a topic, after all, the style is too specific and has not been widely echoed. At the same time, the most popular is the kabuki full-body series "The Attitude of the Active Serviceman Stage" painted by Gechuan N-Guo. And Gechuan's disciples also formed the largest genre of ukiyo-e painting-"Gechuan School". In the late period of culture, Anzheng lasted for 4 years (1807) to 5 years (1858). One of the fifty-three times in Tokaido, the snow on the night of Urahara was redrawn by Ge Chuanhong. After the death of Beichuan Song O, the mainstream of beautiful painting changed to the erotic style of L-vote (4). Driven by the prevalence of travel topics, Keitaro Kitazawa, a student of Haruhiko Gechuan, painted sixteen famous galleries. Inspired by Hiroshige Gechuan, he also created masterpieces "Donghai Road 53" and "Thirty-six Scenes of Fuji". They established a landscape painting style called "Mingsuo" in Ukiyo-e painting. In terms of sixteen scenes of service, Gechuan Guozhen inherited Gechuan N country and painted it with more vigorous brushwork. In addition, with the upsurge of legendary novels caused by cursive paper (similar to modern comics), Gechuan Guofang and others began to create "fighters" depicting the samurai posture. Ogawa Guofang's Water Margin series was very popular and set off a water margin craze in Japan at that time. In the 6th year of Yongjia (1853), there was a saying, "N country にがほ (looks like a face), むしや country (. In the last six years of Anzheng (1859) to Meiji 45 (19 12). During this period, due to the policy of forcibly opening the country under the command of Perry, commander of the American East India Fleet (this event is called "ships coming to sail" in Japan), many people began to become interested in western culture, so Yokohama, which originated from Yokohama at that time, became popular. On the other hand, due to the influence of social unrest from the end of the curtain to the early Meiji Restoration, a bloody and grotesque style called "No Remnant" (or "No Tragedy") also appeared. There are often bloody scenes in this kind of ukiyo-e paintings, such as "Twenty-eight Famous Sentences" written by Yue Gangfang, a disciple of Gechuan, and Luo Hefang. And Japanese Seiko painters also began to create Ukiyo-e paintings. Later, he learned from the grandfather of Heguo Magpie Male × Zhier, and introduced western-style sketchless brushwork to draw landscape paintings, which is called light painting. Fang Teng of Gechuan School began to create a ukiyo-e painting called Children's Toys, which was well received, so it was called "Fang Teng". However, due to the introduction of western learning and photography technology, ukiyo-e painting has been severely challenged. Although many painters paint Ukiyo-e paintings with finer brushwork, the trend of the times can't resist the trend of history after all. Among them, Yuegang Fangnian painted many pictorial (brocade news), historical paintings and genre paintings with very delicate brushwork and western painting style, and was known as "the last ukiyo-e painting teacher". Yuegang himself encouraged his disciples to learn more about various painting styles, which resulted in many painters who combined illustration with traditional painting, such as Fang Qing of dysprosium, and the techniques and styles of ukiyo-e painting were also handed down in different forms in various arts.
The style characteristics of Japanese ukiyo-e paintings have different characteristics in different periods: the early ukiyo-e paintings were single in color, mainly geisha and flower street Liuxiang. Brocade painting appeared in the18th century, which was dominated by beautiful women, but lacked vitality. Later, landscape painting was developed, focusing on various scenic spots. Ukiyo-e painting has a history of hundreds of years in Japan and is a unique national art in Japan.
The establishment of ukiyo-e painting: "In the Edo era, brightly colored prints were called" ukiyo-e painting ". The origin of this name is because of the customs of kabuki and Huajie Liuxiang, which describes the floating world at that time. 1670, Hishikawa Moronobu sold woodcuts printed in a single ink color, so it was called the founder of "ukiyo-e". " -quoted from. At this time, the color of Ukiyo-e painting was relatively simple, and then gradually "Akasaka" with red as the main color and yellow and green was added, thus a new chapter appeared in the history of Japanese painting.
Style development of ukiyo-e painting. Ukiyoe is very popular. Later, Suzuki Harunobu founded Brocade, and other masters appeared. /kloc-In the mid-8th century, Ukiyo-e was more inclined to draw beautiful women, and Japanese women were elegant. However, the lack of vitality in the works also reflected the Japanese society at that time. When the painting of characters and customs reaches saturation, a new painting theme needs to appear, which also drives a new style: landscape painting. "Influenced by western copperplate prints, Kochi North House is determined to create landscape paintings, which are loved by people with bold composition and color. Since then, it has described a series of paintings of places of interest in various places. " -quoted from. Since then, various ukiyo-e paintings with scenery as the theme have appeared.
Ukiyo-e painting has experienced many style changes in its 350-year development history, which is closely related to the cultural development at that time. Moreover, it promoted the development of impressionism and had a wide influence on the development of western culture.