Wei Jinyi was the only military and political intelligence agency in Ming Dynasty. Formerly known as "Gong Weisi" established by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, it was later renamed as "Pro-military Dewey House", which was in charge of the ceremonial guards of Yiluan and the emperor. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu (1382), the pro-army Dewey House and Yiluan Division were abolished and changed to Royal Guards.

As the military organization of the Imperial Guard, the Royal Guards' main functions are "commanding guards, patrolling and arresting" and engaging in reconnaissance, arrest and interrogation. They also participated in the work of collecting military intelligence and resisting enemy generals, such as collecting a large number of Japanese military intelligence during the Wanli Korean War.

The leader of the Royal Guards is called the Commander of the Royal Guards, who is generally held by the emperor's close military commander and is directly responsible to the emperor. You can arrest anyone, including the royal family, and hold a secret trial.

Next generation, the Royal Guards always exist. Until 166 1 year, the Royal Guards of Li Yong, the Emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty, convinced Ma Jixiang and Ren Zi, who were in charge of the Royal Guards, that he was killed by the curse of water, which can be said to be the official end of 290 years of history. After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, the Royal Guards were still set up, following the system of the Ming Dynasty. Shunzhi two years (1645), renamed Luan Yiwei. The Royal Guards of the Qing Dynasty only existed for one year.

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As the Royal Guards were directly under the jurisdiction of the emperor, other North Korean officials could not interfere with them at all, thus enabling the Royal Guards to handle major cases involving court officials and submit them directly to the emperor. Therefore, North Korean officials are more afraid of Jin Yiwei. However, the scope of torture in Jin Yiwei only targets officials and literati, so he generally does not try and arrest ordinary people.

During the Hongwu period, Zhu Yuanzhang wrote to burn the instruments of torture of the Royal Guards and abolish their functions because of the illegal abuse of prisoners by the Royal Guards. After the Ming Emperor Judy ascended the throne, all the powers of the Royal Guards were restored and strengthened. He set up a government office in Beizhen, specializing in "prison summons", which can directly arrest and torture prisoners, and the judicial organs such as the Ministry of Punishment, Dali Temple and Duchayuan have no right to ask.

During the Chenghua period in Ming Xianzong, the seal of Beizhen Fusi was added, and all criminals were presented to the emperor, making Beizhen Fusi in Wei Jinyi a judicial institution directly under the jurisdiction of the emperor, and its power reached the extreme.

The Royal Guards Official School, which is responsible for reconnaissance and arrest, is called "Tiqi". Due to the lack of power constraints, they accused Luo Zhi of seeking credit and rewards and expanding the scope of the case by hook or by crook, resulting in numerous unjust, false and wrong cases.

In addition, the Royal Guards have the privilege, which virtually enables them to run amok, take bribes and pervert the law, and be protected by the emperor's "barrier", resulting in social chaos. Therefore, the death of the Ming dynasty in factory guards was one of the reasons that indirectly caused the demise of the Ming dynasty.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Wei Jinyi