The law of nations means "the law shared by all ethnic groups", which is an important part of the Roman judicial system gradually formed and developed after the civil law. It is a Roman law, which is used to adjust the civil legal relations between Roman citizens and foreigners and between foreigners. In the judicial system of Roman law, civil law is a relatively mature and developed part, and it is also the basic content of Roman law in the later period. (The Law of Peoples is strict in regulating people other than the Romans in the Roman Empire.
During the reign of the 8th to 6th century BC, ancient Roman law was represented by primitive customary law. After the formation of the slave country at the end of the 6th century BC, Roman law evolved from unwritten customary law to written law. In 45 1 year BC, Rome formulated the famous Law of Twelve Bronze Tables, which was an important milestone in the development history of Roman law. In the past, the customary law was vague and used arbitrarily by judicial personnel, which made the common people suffer greatly. The appearance of the "Twelve Copper Tables Law" makes the conviction and sentencing in criminal proceedings and the ruling in civil proceedings have clear and open legal provisions as the criterion, which greatly restricts the judicial arbitrariness of nobles. The twelve bronze tables method was the product of the social and political struggle in Rome at that time, especially the struggle between civilians and gentry and nobles. It concentrated the customary law of the past and was compiled in combination with the needs of social and economic development at that time. It is an important symbol of the transformation from Roman customary law to written law and the basis of the development of Roman law.
Nobles enjoy too many privileges, and they have the right to interpret and misinterpret customary law at will. The so-called customary law is an unwritten rule, which leads to the increasingly fierce contradiction between civilians and nobles. After a long-term struggle between the two classes, the Roman statute law came into being, which was also called the "twelve bronze tables method" at the earliest.
In the history of human cognition, there have been many different understandings of the meaning of natural law. But it usually refers to the collection of the basic and final justice principles of the cosmic order itself, as the basis of all legal systems. It originated from ancient Greek philosophy, and the school of the wise distinguished "nature" from "law", believing that "nature" is intelligent and eternal, while law is arbitrary and just for expediency. Socrates, Plato and Aristotle ...