Basic requirements: Briefly describe the main historical facts of the spread of Marxism in China. Feel the advanced China people's spirit of spreading Marxism and being brave in practice.

Development Requirements: Understanding the great significance of Marxism to the historical development of China.

1, began to spread (end of 20th century 19)

(1) Conditions for introduction: (1) The ranks of bourgeois and petty-bourgeois intellectuals have grown and become the main force in propagating Marxism. ② The New Culture Movement created a good social environment for the introduction of various ideological trends. ③ Intellectuals explore the patriotism of national independence and national prosperity.

2 delegates:

(1) Liang Qichao, a bourgeois reformist, introduced Marxism earlier and called Marx the originator of socialism.

② Zhu Zhixin, a bourgeois revolutionary: introduce Marx and his theory in detail.

(3) People without government: They also introduced Marx's theory and thought.

⑶ Propaganda features: Class and historical limitations make them unable to understand Marxism scientifically.

2. Official communication

(1) The main reason: (1) Influenced by the October Revolution and the May 4th Movement, Marxism has become a powerful social ideological trend. ② The direction and nature of the New Culture Movement have changed. Intellectuals who are disappointed with capitalism are eager to find new ways to transform China.

(2) Representative: Li Dazhao

(1) Li Dazhao called for taking the road of Russian October Revolution and was the first person to raise the socialist banner; (2) Before the May 4th Movement; Praise the October Revolution; Published "the victory of civilians" and "the victory of Bolshevism". ③ After the May 4th Movement: Spreading Marxism:1965438+In May 2009, New Youth published a special issue of Marxism to express my views on Marxism.

3. Early Marxists continued to publicize Marxism.

⑴ Organizing Society: Li Dazhao founded the "Marxist Theory Research Society" in Beijing. Chen Duxiu founded the "Marxist Research Society" in Shanghai.

(2) Through debate: Marxists and Kilt socialists are on both sides of the debate. (the most important way)

Purpose: draw a clear line with all kinds of socialism,

② Focus: Revolutionary Road and Method

Socialist Party of Chirt: advocates the development of capitalism, denies that there is a working class in China, and opposes the establishment of a proletarian party.

Marx's advocate: the capitalist road is not feasible, only by developing socialism can it work.

③ Significance: Further expand the influence of Marxism in China through polemics.

The course of China's ideological circle learning from the West in early modern times

The first stage-the object stage (resistance and westernization)

1, time: from the Opium War to the Sino-Japanese War;

2. Main contents: mainly study the transformation of the western material civilization centered on ship power and artillery, that is, "artifacts";

3. Representative tables: Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan ("learning from foreigners to control foreigners"), Westernization School ("learning from China and using the West");

4. Guiding ideology: "Chinese style and western use";

5. Expertise: maintaining feudal rule with western advanced technology, saving the national crisis and starting the stage of "artifacts".

The second stage-institutional stage (the Reform Movement of 1898 and the Revolution of 1911)

1, time: from the Sino-Japanese War to the Revolution of 1911;

2. Main contents: mainly study the western political system and change the old feudal system;

3. On behalf of Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao (constitutional monarchy scheme) and Sun Yat-sen (democracy * * * and scheme);

4. Guiding ideology: from natural human rights, freedom and equality to "Three People's Principles";

5. Features: Learning advanced western technology and political system saved the national crisis, but did not completely criticize feudal culture. Enter the "system" stage

The third stage-the ideological and cultural stage (the new culture movement and the spread of Marxism)

1, time: new culture movement;

2. Main contents: "three propositions and three oppositions" in the early stage, and Marxism in the later stage;

Representatives: Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Hu Shi, Lu Xun, etc.

4. Guiding ideology: early democratic science, late Marxism;

5. Features: The feudal tradition was completely denied in the early stage, and Marxism was promoted in the later stage. Enter the core stage of thought.

However, there was a bias of absolute affirmation and absolute negation in the early stage, which was not combined with the mass movement of workers and peasants.