Become famous at a young age
In the first year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 196), Ma Chao's father Ma Teng and the northwest warlord Han Sui attacked each other and killed each other because of some minor frictions between their subordinates. Ma Chao was known as "Jian Yong" when he was young. In the battle with Marten and Han Sui, he fought with the foreign affairs department of Han Sui. The foreign affairs department attacked Ma Chao, and the spear was broken by Ma Chao. Ma Chao almost hurt Ma Chao's neck with the broken spear and killed Ma Chao. During the Sanfu Rebellion, Ma Chao led an army to attack Suwu Fort.
In the seventh year of Jian 'an (A.D. 202), Gao Qian of Yuan Dynasty and Guoyuan Department joined forces with the Southern Xiongnu Khan to attack Hedong and plunder Guanzhong. Zhong You, a captain, wrote to Marten and Han Sui, stating their interests, and sent Zhang and Fu Gan to persuade them to send troops to help Marten and Han Sui. Marten sent Ma Chao to lead more than 10,000 people into Guanzhong to help Zhong You, and the court appointed Ma Chao as the commander in chief, in charge of Li Si, and crusaded against Guoyuan and Gao Qian. When Guoyuan led an army to cross the river, Ma Chao led his own army to intercept Guoyuan halfway.
In the battle, Ma Chao was injured by an arrow in his foot, but Ma Chao did not flinch. He wrapped his injured foot in cloth and continued to lead the army to fight and defeat the enemy. Ma Chao's department personally killed Guoyuan with Pound, and then Gao Qian and Khan surrendered to Hu Chuquan. When Cao Cao was prime minister, he wanted to recruit Ma Chao as an official, but Ma Chao refused to go to his post. After the crusade against Guoyuan, Cao Cao borrowed the Han Emperor to worship Ma Chao as the secretariat of Xuzhou, but Ma Chao still did not go to his post. Cao Cao changed Ma Chao to an admonition officer, and the post of Xuzhou secretariat was given to Cang Ba by the court.
In the 13th year of Jian 'an (AD 208), Ma Teng was persuaded by Zhang Ji to become an official in the DPRK and was appointed as Wei. Ma Chao's two younger brothers, Matthew and Ma Tie, were also appointed as captains of chariots and horses. Only Ma Chao stayed in Liangzhou, was appointed as a partial general and director, and was in charge of Marten's army, where Ma Jia's troops were originally located, and was still stationed in Li Huai.
In the fifteenth year of Jian 'an (AD 2 10), Zhou Yu and Sun Quan proposed to capture the two rivers and jointly besieged Cao Cao with Ma Chao, but Zhou Yu died before the plan was implemented.
Arise against Cao
In the seventeenth year of Jian 'an (AD 2 12), Cao Cao arrested Ma Chaomin (including his father Ma Teng, his second brother Matthew and Ma Tie). ) In Yecheng, kill them all.
In the 18th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 13), yangfu and Jiang Xu took the lead in fighting in Lucheng, and Zhao Qu and Yin advised Ma Chao to attack. When Ma Chao heard about it, he led his troops to attack. Liang Kuan and Zhao Qu secretly occupied it, closed the city gate and killed Ma Chao's wife and children. Ma Chao was furious, but he couldn't capture Ji Cheng, so he captured Li Cheng and killed yangfu and Jiang Xu's people in Li Cheng (including Jiang Xu's mother who denounced Ma Chao). Yangfu then led the rebels to attack Ma Chao. On the battlefield, yangfu and Zongzukundi besieged Ma Chao, both of whom were killed by Ma Chao, and yangfu himself was seriously injured five times. After the summer reinforcements arrived, Ma Chao lost his base and was in a dilemma, so he had to go to Hanzhong to take refuge in Zhang Lu.
Join Liu Bei and establish Shu Han
In the spring of the 19th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 14), Ma Chao, who took refuge in Zhang Lu, was highly appreciated by Zhang Lu. He named Ma Chao as a drink offering and planned to marry his daughter to Ma Chao, but he went back on his word at the suggestion of his subordinates. Ma Chao borrowed soldiers from Zhang Lu and planned to counterattack Liangzhou. Ma Chao led the troops to besiege Qishan for 30 days and failed to capture it. Then, Xia sent Zhang He to lead the reinforcements. Ma Chao did not continue to attack, leaving military equipment as bait and withdrawing to Hanzhong. Zhang Lu's men and others, afraid of Ma Chao's talent, wanted to harm Ma Chao, so Ma Chao resigned and fled to the desert. It happened that Liu Bei led the troops into Sichuan, and Liu Bei sent Li Hui to marry Ma Chao. Ma Chao knew that Zhang Lu was not a man who did great things, so he wrote to Liu Bei and asked for the partnership.
In the 20th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 15), Dong Zai, the younger brother of Ma Chao's concubine Dong Shi, congratulated Ma Chao on the New Year in Zheng Dan (the first day of the first month). Ma Chao beat his chest and vomited blood, saying, "More than 100 people in his family were all killed. What are we going to celebrate now? " In summer, Liu Bei heard that Ma Chao was coming to vote and said happily, "Yizhou can win!" "
So he sent someone to meet Ma Chao, and secretly gave Ma Chao one of his own troops to let Ma Chao lead the troops to surround Chengdu. Ma Chao led the military forces to Chengdu and stationed troops in the north of the city. The whole city was frightened by Ma Chao's fame. In less than ten days, the Chengdu army and civilians collapsed, and Liu Zhang immediately surrendered in Kaesong. After Liu Bei pacified Xichuan, he moved Ma Chao to be a general of heaven and ordered him to be the secretariat of Linzhou.
In October of the 22nd year of Jian 'an (AD 2 17), Liu Bei and Cao Cao fought for hegemony in Hanzhong, and Liu Bei sent Ma Chao to argue with Zhang Fei, Wu Lan and Tong Xi who had just defeated Zhang He in Brazil. Ma Chao also instigated more than 10 thousand people in the seventh part of De to respond to Liu Bei and contain the pioneer.
In the 23rd year of Jian 'an (AD 2 18), in the first month, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao, Ulan and Tong Lei led troops to station in Qushui, pretending to attack Wudu and Yin Ping counties. Ulan and Tong Lei were defeated by Cao Hong, Cao Xiu and others, and Ren Kui of Ulan was killed. In March, Cao Cao personally led the army to fight for Hanzhong, while Liu Bei was holed up. Ma Chao and Zhang Fei led the troops back to Hanzhong. Wang Qiang, king of Bianping County, beheaded Wu Lan and presented his head to you. ..
In the 24th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 19), Liu Bei captured the whole territory of Hanzhong with the courage of a general. In autumn,1more than 20 Shu-Han officials, headed by Ma Chao, jointly wrote "Making the King of Hanzhong Emperor", urging Liu Bei to carry the King of Hanzhong back. After Liu Bei became king, Ma Chao was promoted to General Zuo, which was a holiday.
In the twenty-fifth year of Jian 'an (AD 220), Peng Yang was very unhappy when he heard that Liu Bei had transferred himself to a distant post, so he went to see Ma Chao. Ma Chao said to Peng Yang, "Your talent is outstanding. Your master speaks highly of you, saying that you can keep pace with Zhuge Liang, Fa Zheng and others. How can you let go of a small county and let the people down? "
Peng Yang said, "This old rascal is ridiculous and unreasonable. What else can I say! " He also said to Ma Chao: "You are a foreign official and I am an internal official. The world will not be peaceful. " Ma Chao, who has been fierce for half his life, surrendered to Liu Bei and often felt fear after being placed under the fence. Hearing Peng Yang say such a thing, he was surprised and kept silent. After Peng Yang left, Ma Chao truthfully reported Peng Yang's words, so Peng Yang was arrested and imprisoned, and then Liu Bei followed Zhuge Liang's advice and executed Peng Yang.
In the first year of Zhangwu (226438+0), Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, established Shu Han, and immediately became a general in title of generals in ancient times, leading Liangzhou as a shepherd and entering the countryside.
In the second year of Zhangwu in Shu Han Dynasty (AD 222), Ma Chao was seriously ill, and wrote to Liu Bei: "Cao Cao killed all but my brother Ma Dai. Let him inherit my humble clan and entrust it to your majesty deeply, and there is nothing else to say. " In the same year1February, Ma Chao died at the age of 47.
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Ma Chao has superb martial arts and had heroic achievements on the battlefield. It is clearly recorded in the history books. Even the arrogant Guan Yu wants to compete with him. It can be seen that Ma Chao's courage is not under Zhao Yun and Zhang Fei.
Unfortunately, after Ma Chao surrendered to Liu Bei, he rarely fought with Liu Bei on the battlefield. When Liu Bei launched the Yiling War, Ma Chao was seriously ill and died soon! Ma Chao wrote to Liu Bei before he died, saying that his family was almost killed by Cao Cao, leaving no one but a younger brother, Ma Dai. I hope your majesty can treat him well! He was only 47 when he died. If Ma Chao can live to Zhao Yun's age, he will definitely set a surprise attack on Zhuge Liang and kill the enemy in the later Northern Expedition. Perhaps there would be no such thing as "there is no general in Shu, and Liao Hua is the pioneer". What a pity!