Yes, history is a kaleidoscope that can be in full bloom. The rise and fall of dynasties, the intrigue of counselors, the division and combination of political power, right and wrong, true and false, seem to make people more and more confused when they are pursuing the truth. But history is by no means a little girl dressed up. As long as you dig hard, you will find out.
Next, the author will take stock of the famous pseudo-historical events that we often encounter and restore the truth together.
1. Spare parts wrapped in waterproof tarpaulins left by Germany can still be found in the hidden hole in the sewer wall of Qingdao. I believe many people have read this news, and some even read it in professional newspapers when they were at school, and even understood it after reading it. At that time, students were still bragging about the German professionalism and admirable industrial quality.
Although Qingdao is the only city in China that is not afraid of floods, it has a lot to do with Qingdao's magical drainage system, but this credit can never be attributed to the German drainage system built a hundred years ago. Qingdao is not afraid of heavy rain, and it is thanks to engineers from China that it can drain a lot of rain in a short time. Although some design blueprints of German sewers have been used for reference, earth-shaking changes have taken place.
You know, in the 1990s, there were 596 kilometers of drainage pipes in Qingdao. What is this concept? Such data is not inferior even today. Up to today, the total length of drainage pipes in Qingdao has exceeded 3000 kilometers. Germany's world-leading drainage system has played a small role.
In fact, the reason why Qingdao has become the object of people's talk and show off when it encounters heavy rain is because the city has adopted the leading drainage concept: rain and sewage are separated, and the unique V-shaped cement-coated ceramic paste imitation German drainage pipe can maintain high-speed drainage under very small water volume.
Second, does Cixi really have enough confidence to declare war on the eleven countries? When it comes to Cixi, many people basically have nothing nice to say. All kinds of ugly words, such as harming the country and the people, delaying development, selfishness and wasting resources, are just a few treasures. Indeed, Cixi was in charge of the late Qing Dynasty for many years, which greatly hindered the development of the Qing Dynasty and thus affected the progress of China as a whole. However, it should be said that Cixi was confident enough to openly declare war on eleven countries in 1900.
1900, 16 In June, the Boxer Rebellion wantonly set fire to Zhengyangmen, and the disaster occurred immediately. The fire spread to the city gate and lasted for three days. At that time, shops and houses near Zhengyangmen were affected by the fire, and the losses were immeasurable. But the greater loss is the people's hearts. At that time, the people of the Qing Dynasty were already poor and weak, and Cixi was overwhelmed.
Cixi held an emergency meeting on the same day, attended by university students, military ministers, six ministers and nine ministers, as well as important officials in Beijing at that time 100 people. The theme of the meeting is simple: the killing of foreign envoys by the Boxer Rebellion will inevitably lead to the rise of great powers. Then how should the Qing dynasty resist?
In fact, at the meeting in June 16, Cixi didn't mean to break with foreigners at that time. She just sent Na Tong and Xu Jingcheng to Yangcun to negotiate with the Allies, and even paid reparations. However, the two men didn't see the allies at all. However, the news that Cixi got later directly led to Cixi's complete determination to break with foreigners.
At the meeting in June 19, Cixi took out a secret report sent by Luo Jiajie, a grain merchant in Jiangsu Province. This tip-off was sent to Qing * * *(Qing * * *) by foreigners, which put forward four requirements: arranging the emperor to go abroad; Collect money and grain from the provinces; In charge of world military forces; The empress dowager must hand over power.
But it was not this note that made Cixi determined to break up with foreigners, and the source of this note could not be verified. What really made Cixi crazy was a report sent by Yulu, governor of Zhili, from Tianjin. Yulu received an ultimatum from foreigners on June 7, 2007, demanding to hand over Dagu Fort.
Foreigners have declared war by forcibly demanding Dagu Fort. In addition, the Dagu Fort fell on June 7, 2007 17, but Yulu was afraid to bear the responsibility of concealment. It can be said that the allied invasion of Dagubao in June of 17 has constituted a de facto declaration of war, while the declaration of war issued by Cixi on June 2 1 7 has fallen behind.
Moreover, the object of the imperial edict to declare war has no specific object, and only a contemptuous pronoun "those" is used. From the perspective of international law, declaring war is not an imperial edict at all. In fact, no country has officially started a war since then. In fact, this imperial edict explained to the people why the imperial court launched the war and called for joint defense against the enemy. This should be an internal mobilization order, not a declaration of war.
Therefore, the mainstream view that Cixi declared war on eleven countries with confidence is obviously a major misunderstanding, but don't think that Cixi is bursting with patriotism. In fact, she wanted to push the Boxer Rebellion to the opposite of the imperialist powers and the forefront of the war. In fact, she wanted to destroy the increasingly powerful Boxer with foreigners' guns, but the historical development direction was out of her control from the moment she sat proudly in the palace.
3. What are the classic rumors in history? There is only one truth in the historical rumor of punching cards. This part explains the historical truth restored by archaeologists. In fact, many times, archaeology can not only repair and prove history, but also restore its true colors. After all, some serious history books are not completely correct.
0 1. In the second year after the unification of the Qin Dynasty, Ying Zheng built Epang Palace in Shanglinyuan, Weihe River. According to historical records, the front hall was built first, with 500 steps from east to west and 50 feet from north to south, with 10,000 people seated on the top and 50-foot flags under it.
Archaeologists began a detailed investigation of the ancient ruins of Epang Palace in 2002, and finally found out the scope of the foundation site of the rammed earth platform in the front hall of Epang Palace, covering an area of 540,000 square meters. According to the analysis of the unearthed tiles, the site was built in Qin Dynasty, and continued to be used as a part of Shanglin Garden in Han Dynasty, and no burning trace was found.
After careful study, archaeologists found that Epang Palace was an unfinished semi-finished project, and Du Mu's "Epang Palace Fu" was created according to the imagination of Epang Palace. The so-called "Chu people burned to ashes, poor scorched earth" is purely arrogant. In fact, Xiang Yu should burn Xianyang Palace.
02. The story of the warlord in the bonfire drama has been heard by almost anyone familiar with history. In order to win the favor of his favorite beauty, Zhou Youwang deliberately played tricks on other princes and lied about his military situation. As a result, when the enemy really attacked, no one saved him, which eventually led to the demise of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
In fact, it is not rigorous to blame a woman for the demise of a dynasty. Although there is a story of the bonfire emperor in the history books, it has not been confirmed in the unearthed historical materials. Therefore, from the story itself, it may not conform to the historical truth, but is a story deduced by later generations.
The ancient history of China has a long history and rich connotations. The rise of a dynasty is bound to be accompanied by the fall of a dynasty. History is written by winners. What we sometimes see and hear is considered correct. In fact, many times, the official records are also wrong. For example, Su Qin recorded in Historical Records was an active politician from 334 BC to 320 BC. However, according to the silk script unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb in 1973, Su Qin's activity time should be from 3 10 BC to 284 BC. Yi Cheung is actually Su Qin's father. When Zhang Yi was the prime minister of Qin, Su Qin had not been in politics, and Zhang Yi's main competitors were Zhang Yan and Chen Yi.
China people are more or less interested in history, but they don't really understand it, which sometimes leads us astray. What historical rumors have you seen? Please add comments.
References: Debate on Ancient History, Historical Records of Qin Shihuang, Letters of Warring States Period, Historical Records.
This article is an original work by Ying Zheng Jr. Unauthorized reprinting is prohibited, and plagiarism will be investigated!
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