186 1 Russia's serfdom reform was led by the tsar and feudal serf owners, not the bourgeoisie. But the objective function of its reform is to make Russia embark on the road of developing capitalism, so this reform is still regarded as capitalist reform. The main leaders of Meiji Restoration in Japan are the southwest powerful princes who represent the interests of the bourgeoisie and the names of a large number of samurai with bourgeois identity, so Meiji Restoration is a bourgeois reform. The two are different in the position of reform leaders.