First, "On Nanjing's Landing on Phoenix Terrace"
Tang Libai
There used to be a phoenix on the phoenix platform, and the phoenix went to Taiwan, only Jiangdong returned. Martial arts flowers were laid on deserted paths, and the number of relatives and friends in the Jin Dynasty has become a famine. The mountains are shrouded in clouds, such as blue sky, and the river is divided into two. There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it.
Seeing the phoenix is auspicious, and its visit symbolizes the prosperity of the dynasty. A relatively more accurate statement is that this poem was written by Li Bai when he was ordered to "pay back the money to the mountain" and was driven out of Chang 'an for Jinling (now Nanjing) in the south. The last two sentences of the poem have profound implications, implying that the emperor was surrounded by evil spirits and could not serve the country. His mood is very painful.
Second, the book is elegant
Don du fu
Where is the temple of the famous prime minister? It is in a deep pine forest near the Silk City. The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves. The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations. But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.
Appreciating this poem expresses the poet's reverence for Zhuge Liang's wisdom and courage and his feeling that his achievements have not been achieved. The first four sentences rely on the ancestral temple of the Prime Minister to feel the reality from the description of the scenery, revealing the poet's concern for the country and the people; The last four sentences lament that only the prime minister can be virtuous, and remembering the sages from historical recollection also contains many expectations and understandings of the poet's fate of the motherland.
Third, "Wuyi Lane"
Don Liu Yuxi
There are some weeds blooming by the Suzaku Bridge, and there is only sunset at the corner of Wuyi Lane. Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people.
Appreciation of this poem is the second poem in Five Topics of Jinling written by Liu Yuxi, which is dedicated to places of interest. At that time, the poet returned to Luoyang from Hezhou (now Anhui County) and passed through Jinling. Wuyi Lane used to be the most prosperous place where responsible families lived in the Six Dynasties. Now, the famous Suzaku Bridge is overgrown with weeds, and there are no cars and horses in and out of Wuyi Lane. Only the setting sun slanted on the deep wall of the past. Swallows under the eaves of Xie 'an in Wang Dao have now flown into the homes of ordinary people.
Fourth, "Two Epic Poems Second"
Tang Li Shangyin
Looking at the countries and families of former sages, they became thrifty and extravagant. Why amber is a pillow, and real pearls are cars. If you don't meet Qinghai horses far away, it will be difficult to pull out the snakes in Shushan. Several people sang songs in the south in advance, and finally Cangwu cried for Cui Hua.
Appreciating this poem, the poet summarized it as "looking at the country of the sages from afar, and the achievements were broken by diligence and thrift" according to the historical facts of rise and fall. On the question of who is responsible for the rise and fall, although the poet is limited by the times and can only tie the lifeline of chaos to the emperor, in his poems, he mostly accuses them of ruining the country, and his understanding is more conscious and complete than that of his predecessors.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Red Cliff
Don Dumu
A broken iron halberd sank into the sand and disappeared, only to find that it was the remnant of Battle of Red Cliffs after grinding and washing. If the east wind is not convenient for Zhou Yu, I'm afraid the outcome will be Cao Cao's victory and Er Qiao's detention in Tongquetai.
Appreciation of this poem is a poem written by the poet after passing through the famous ancient battlefield Chibi (now Chiji Mountain, Wuchang County, Hubei Province) and feeling the success or failure of heroes in the Three Kingdoms period. The poet watched the remains of the ancient battlefield and expressed his unique views on Battle of Red Cliffs. The last two sentences are well known. Through the fate of Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao, two women with special identities, the poet expressed the imagined ending of Wu Dong's downfall, which was unique in seeing the big from the small.
Six, "Nanxiangzi Deng Jingkou Gu Beiting Huai"
Xin Qiji in Southern Song Dynasty
Where to see China? Full of scenery, Gu Bei Building.
How many things have gone up and down through the ages? The Yangtze River stretches as far as the eye can see.
Young and frivolous, he has been sitting in the southeast war.
Who is the world hero? Cao Liu. Children should be like Sun Zhongmou.
Appreciate that Xin Qiji was reused as the magistrate of Shaoxing and the messenger of peace in eastern Zhejiang, and was sent to Zhenjiang as the magistrate the following year. Zhenjiang used to be a place where heroes made great contributions in history. Whenever he boarded the Gubei Pavilion in Gu Bei, he was in the vast area north of the Yangtze River in the State of Jin, and he was deeply moved by the sight there. He also wrote a poem "Looking Back on the Past at the Gubei Pavilion in Le Jing", which is also a masterpiece.
Seven, "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia"
Su Shi in Northern Song Dynasty
The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever. Old camp west, people say it's the war of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Red Cliffs. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow.
The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.
Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit.
Feather fan nylon towel, talking and laughing, the trough is gone I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely.
Life is like a dream, and a statue returns to the moon.
Appreciate that Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou for two years because of Wutai poetry case. I have endless worries in my heart, so I travel around to relax. One day, he came to Chibi outside Huangzhou. The magnificent scenery here touched him a lot. So he wrote this poem, recalling the infinite scenery of Zhou Yu during the Three Kingdoms period and lamenting how time flies.
Zhou Yu, written by Su Shi, is a young and promising hero with romantic literary talent, Confucian demeanor and heroism. The image of Zhou's defeat in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms was changed by the author Luo Guanzhong to beautify Zhuge Liang.
Eight, "Guizhixiang Jinling Nostalgia"
Wang Anshi in Northern Song Dynasty
This is the late autumn in the ancient country, and the weather is very early.
Thousands of miles are like a river, like clusters of Qingfeng.
Sail back to the sunset, the west wind rises, and the wine flag is tilted.
The colorful boat is cloudy, and the Milky Way heron rises, which is difficult to draw.
Miss the past, compete for prosperity, sigh outside the door, and continue to hate.
Throughout the ages, it is a shame to look up to it.
The past of the Six Dynasties flowed with the water, and the cold smoke faded the grass. Today, business women still sing from time to time, leaving a legacy in the backyard.
Appreciate this poem about the history of the poet when he was a magistrate in Jiangning. Reading and writing about the scenery of Jinling and climbing mountains intoxicated the poet, but also caused him to think deeply. The following reading shows the poet's profound thoughts and majestic spirit as a politician, which not only criticizes the dissoluteness of the monarch who died in the Six Dynasties, but also criticizes the rise and fall of the monarch.
Facing the reality of poverty and weakness in the Northern Song Dynasty, we should draw lessons from history and carry out political reforms to avoid the exhaustion of national strength caused by extravagance and repeat the mistakes of the Six Dynasties.
Nine, "Flower Selling Nostalgia"
Zhangyuanke wine
Palace Epang Palace is fluttering, singing and dancing are peaceful. Jinguyuan Jade Building is underground, adding a new king of new york; The ancient willows on the embankment and the dragon boat exhibition on the river show Wal-Mart.
It is hard to look back on the past, the east wind rises again, and the late spring is bleak. Beauty from the banks of the Wujiang River, the war once burned Chibi Mountain, and the generals were old.
The sad flames of Qin and Han Dynasties have made countless people miserable, and those who study can only sigh deeply.
Zhang Kejiu was an important essayist and playwright in Yuan Dynasty. This nostalgic song consists of two short songs with six allusions. The three allusions in the first song are typical extravagance and waste, which will inevitably lead to ruin, while the three allusions in the second song are heroic deeds. The last word "sigh" is rich in meaning, and it is a masterpiece whether it is attacking social reality or examining history.
Ten, "goat Tongguan nostalgia"
Bird Yang Hao
The peaks are like gathering, the waves are like anger, and the mountains and rivers are like Tongguan Road. Looking at the western capital, I hesitated.
Sad Qin and Han dynasties, ten thousand palaces have been made of earth.
Xing, people suffer! Death, people suffer!
Appreciation This is a masterpiece of the perfect combination of ideological and artistic quality of Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty. The next year, due to the drought in Guanzhong, Zhang was appointed as a traveler to earn victims in Shaanxi. In the course of his life in the Western Qin Dynasty, he witnessed the people's profound disasters, sighed with emotion, drank heavily and was filled with indignation, then squandered all his family wealth, tried his best to help the disaster, and finally died of overwork. This poem was written at this time. Between the lines, full of historical vicissitudes and a sense of the times. It not only has the characteristics of nostalgic poetry, but also has a distinctive melancholy style.