1949 after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), it announced the practice of "one-sided" diplomacy and established friendly alliance with the Soviet union. February 14, 1950, this is Valentine's Day in the west. On this day, China and the Soviet Union signed the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance, which marked that the relationship between the two countries entered the "honeymoon period" like lovers. And began to develop steadily in all aspects, and the changes in the relationship between the two countries and the changes in the relationship between lovers have the same effect. Let's get to the point. Let's make a joke first: China is like a poor scholar who meets a rich man and is also the daughter of his enemy (the Soviet Union was born in Russia, and China had an enemy with Russia), but this lovely girl is innocent, and her progressive concept (ideology) is consistent with that of young people in China. This has become the combination of two people at the beginning of their acquaintance, and it is also a big principle to follow when dealing with related matters. Two people put this above some interests, which makes the relationship more harmonious at first, but over time, contradictions will always appear. When dealing with some specific things, when it comes to the real interests of two people, it seems to be very controversial. At this time, the consistency of ideas cannot solve the problem. In addition, our daughter's temper (chauvinism) will be committed from time to time, which seriously hurts the self-esteem (national feelings) of young people. If she is poor, she will be poor, and her backbone will be gone. So the patience and kindness of young people have changed. Nowadays, good girls want to make young people yield by means, and women are often extreme. As a result, the good girl cut off the financial support for young scholars (withdrawing experts). At this time, the Jinshi left the day of the big exam. This is fatal for poor scholars who want to be nominated for the gold medal (doing a good job in the economy, rising in Asia and standing among the nations of the world). Poor scholars have backbone and have no money to buy reference books for review. He didn't pass the exam that year, and the good girl was still waiting for the scholar to change his mind. A few years later, the scholar made the gold list, which made him more confident. (Background music: Ten years later, we are friends, and we can still greet each other, but we are too gentle to find a reason to hug ...)

Second, the views of predecessors.

There are many studies on the reasons for the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations. Here are some typical views:

1. The Soviet Union's theory of big party, great power and national interest conflict

Sino-Soviet relations include the mutual relationship between the Communist Party of China (CPC) and Soviet communist party, and the mutual relationship between China and the Soviet Union. After the war, the Soviet Union always pretended to be the big brother of socialism when communicating with other socialist countries, constantly showing the demeanor of the Grand Congress Party, which not only harmed the interests of the fraternal party and the country, but also seriously restricted the development of normal relations between socialist countries. Especially in Poland and Hungary, this problem is exposed. Many scholars believe that the Soviet Union's great power style has harmed China's interests, while China has always pursued the principle of equality, and finally the contradiction is irreconcilable, which leads to the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations. There are not a few people who hold this view.

2. Ideological divergence theory

Ideology has different degrees of influence in the diplomacy of all countries. Between China and the Soviet Union, the same ideology and development path are the ties of the Sino-Soviet alliance. The ideological struggle between China and the Soviet Union in 1950s and 1960s: how to evaluate Stalin, how to deal with the relationship between socialist countries and the West, how to estimate revolution and war; How to build socialism has played a very important role in the breakdown of the Sino-Soviet alliance. In fact, later, the dispute between the two ruling parties rose to the height of Marxism-Leninism, which was the realm of "life and death". However, "the Chinese and Soviet parties and their * * * made many compromises and concessions to each other on ideological issues, trying their best to maintain unity and reduce differences. If there are no other more critical factors, ideological differences cannot lead Sino-Soviet relations to a desperate situation. " (Luo Xiaohui) I think this analysis is pertinent. If there were no more differences of principle, the relationship between the two countries would not be on the verge of breaking down. Ideological differences are the catalyst for the breakdown of the spectator system. (Sun Zexue, Tang Nianxin)

Personally, I don't agree with the theory of ideological divergence, because it has been proved that different ideologies have no obvious negative impact on the communication between countries. Ideology is just one of the differences between countries. Huntington divided two dimensions of political classification. In his division, China, the Soviet Union and the United States and Britain are in one dimension. It's really communication without boundaries. Of course, Sino-Soviet relations should be analyzed in the specific background of the times, but it must not be limited to this.