(1) The Soviet Union won the time to prepare for the war and was not dragged into the war for the time being; Soviet leaders underestimated Hitler's adventure, which led to a serious failure in the early days of the Soviet-German war. Germany spared the worries of fighting on two fronts, which objectively encouraged the aggression of fascist Germany. (8 points)

(2) The United States abandoned its neutrality policy and the world anti-fascist alliance was formed, which greatly strengthened the anti-fascist forces, changed the balance of power between the two sides and accelerated the victory of the anti-fascist war. (7 points)

Temporarily avoided the Soviet Union being dragged into the war and won the time for preparation. Soviet leaders underestimated Hitler's adventure, which led to a serious failure in the early days of the Soviet-German war.