Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Chinese History - The establishment and evolution of faith
The establishment and evolution of faith
According to the textual research on the stone net pendant, stone spinning wheel and stone boat-shaped smash unearthed in Xinyishan and Daping, ancestors flourished in this land in the late Neolithic Age. Before Qin Dynasty, faith belonged to Baiyue. After the Qin Dynasty decided Baiyue, in 2 14 BC (the thirty-third year of Qin Shihuang), Baiyue established three counties of Guilin, Elephant and Nanhai, and Xinyi belonged to Guilin County. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Xinyi belonged to the territory of Cangwu King of Nanyue State. From BC 1 165438 (the sixth year of the Han Dynasty) to the Three Kingdoms period, Xinyi belonged to Duan Xi County, Cangwu County, the State History Department.

In 346 AD (the seventh year of Jin Yonghe), Xinyi belonged to Duan Xi County, Jin Kang County. In 502 AD, Liangde County was established in Luodou Baidong, Duan Xi County, which governs Liangde Jimi County and Wude Jimi County (now Changpo, Dongan, Dajing and Tantou Town, Gaozhou, renamed Liangde County in Sui Dynasty). Xinyi belongs to Liangdejimi County, which is governed by Taian Village. The first county magistrate was Chen? Du Lao (for example, Tan Dian and Fu Sandu later became the cave master alliance) was nominally affiliated to Longzhou, but it was not naturalized and did not pay taxes. In 598 (the 18th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty), Liangde County was changed to Huaide County.

62 1 year (the fourth year of Tang Wude), the state-county system was established in the Tang Dynasty, and the southern Fuzhou was located in Huaide County, Longzhou, and Xinyi, Huaide, Tan 'e, Teliang and Fulai counties. Chen Longshu was appointed as the first secretariat of South Fuzhou by the Tang Dynasty. In the seventh year of Wude, Chen Longshu's South Fuzhou threatened to be naturalized, which aroused the dissatisfaction of Luodu people. In the second year of Zhenguan, Li Guangdu, the governor of Yinzhou, joined hands with Chen Longshu to quell the rebellion of modern people and return to South Fuzhou to resume rule. After five years of Zhenguan, the present people made an insurrection again, and Chen Longshu was defeated by Longzhou. When Feng Ang entered the DPRK, Emperor Taizong ordered Feng Ang to quell the chaos, and Feng Ang was defeated by his wisdom.

In 634 (the eighth year of Tang Zhenguan), Nanfuzhou was renamed Douzhou, and its jurisdiction remained unchanged, belonging to the DuDu House of Rong County, Lingnan Road. In 667, in the second year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Fulai County was transferred to Yuzhou.

In 665 (the fifth year of Tang Yonghui), Feng, the great-grandson of Xian's wife, was appointed as the history of Douzhou, and the vulgar people entered Douzhou, bringing advanced farming culture and Xian culture and promoting social development. Jianjiang Valley has become an economically developed area, and its cultural customs are similar to those of Gaozhou. After the Tang Dynasty, Douzhou can be regarded as an extension of the high-cold civilization.

In 972 (the fifth year of Song Kaibao), the three counties of Huaide, Tan 'e and Teliang were abandoned, and their land was merged into Xinyi County, still belonging to Douzhou. In 976 (the first year of rejuvenating the country in Song Taiping), Zhao Guangyi, Song Taizong changed Xinyi County to Xinyi County to avoid taboo. 107 1 year (four years in Xining, Song Dynasty), abandoned Douzhou, Xinyi was under the jurisdiction of Gaozhou, Guangnan West Road. The Yuan Dynasty belonged to Gaozhou Road, Hainan Road and Haibei, and the Ming Dynasty belonged to Gaozhou Prefecture and was the secretary of Guangdong Province. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Liren area in Jianjiang Valley was restored to Chinese culture due to the development of the Maritime Silk Road, and the eastern and northern mountainous areas were Yao-oriented due to the large number of Yao people moving in.

1577 (the fifth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), after the huge war, Xinyi was divided into five capitals (now Baishi, Dacheng, Qianpai, Heshui, Xinbao, Pingtang, Sihe, Qiuci, Wang Sha, Zhusha, An 'e, Hongguan and Chashan).

1757 (twenty-two years of Qing Qianlong), with the approval of the imperial court, Kang Ding, Xinfeng, probation and surrender were all under the jurisdiction of Xinyi. Along the old map, Du Nan Town remains in Xining County. Xinyi was subordinate to Gaozhou Prefecture of Guangdong Province in Qing Dynasty.

In the 11th year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (186 1), Chen Jinyun, the leader of Guangdong Heaven and Earth Association, led the volunteers of Heaven and Earth Association to capture Xinyi City and rebuild the country of Da Hong, calling himself Nanxing King, taking Gong Xue as the palace, the county department as the marshal's office and Sendai Temple as the hall for surrender.

After 19 12 (Republic of China), Xinyi successively belonged to Gaozhou military government, Gaozhou appeasement office, Gao Lei Road, South Road appeasement committee office, Eighth Division aftermath supervision office and the seventh district administrative inspector office.

1927 (Republic of China 16) 65438+February, under the leadership of Guangdong Provincial Committee of China * * * Production Party, Xinyi people held a homesickness uprising, and established Xinyi County Soviet Government (homesickness) and Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army (hereinafter referred to as Red Army), with Luo Keming as the county magistrate and Zhu Yechi as the commander. Based on the clouds and mountains, adhere to the agrarian revolutionary war. Pai Cheng troops went to "encirclement and suppression" and the situation deteriorated. After Zhu Yechi was arrested in Guangzhou Bay, he was taken to Gaozhou for execution. Luo Keming went to Hong Kong to report the situation to the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee. The troops were divided into two countries (China and Vietnam), Guangdong and Guangxi, and Nanyang. During the Anti-Japanese War, it was organized as a part of Guangdong South Road People's Liberation Army and the China People's Liberation Army stationed in Guangdong and Guangxi.

1949101October 22nd, Xinyi County was liberated, covering South Guangdong Road, Korea and Zhanjiang.

1958165438+1October 15, Xinyi and Maoming were merged into Gaozhou county to administer Gaozhou city.

196 1 April 1 day, Xinyi County was separated from Gaozhou County and re-established. Dongzhen, where Xinyi County is located, is under the jurisdiction of Gaozhou County.

Xinyi has been affiliated to Maoming since July 1983.

On September 1995 and 1 1, the State Council approved the withdrawal of counties and the establishment of cities (county-level cities). It governs 23 towns including Dongzhen, Zhenlong, Shuikou, Beijie, Gaopo, Jintong, Jingkou, Ding Bao, Dong Chi, Zhusha, An 'e, Guizi, Wang Sha, Hongguan, Chashan, Hu Aixiang, Baishi, Dacheng, Qianpai, Heshui, Xinbao, Pingtang and Sihe.

In 2004, Jingkou merged into Jin Dong Town, Gaopo merged into Beijie Town, and An 'e and Wang Sha merged into Zhusha Town.

In 2005, Dongzhen was changed into a sub-district office. There are 18 towns and 1 sub-district offices in the city, and there are 370 village committees and 8 neighborhood committees under its jurisdiction. Xinyi city has realized every village's highway. National Highway 207 runs through the whole territory from north to south, and Provincial Highway 352 passes through six lines, including North Line, Shenggui Line, Luoshui Line, Songxian Line and Lichi Line, with a total length of 253 kilometers. Provincial highways 369 and 370 run through the city from east to west, and have all been transformed into first-class and second-class highways, connecting Zhaoqing in the north and directly reaching port cities such as Guangzhou, Maoming and Zhanjiang in Nantong.

There are national highways or provincial highways from urban areas to towns, and the administrative villages in xinyi city are connected by cement hard-bottomed highways, forming a highway network with national highways as the main axis, provincial highways and county roads as the skeleton, and rural highways extending in all directions, with internal connections and external connections. Xinyi city has three major passenger stations in the north, south and east, and the towns have passenger stations in Guizi, Zhenlong and Hu Aixiang. Xinyi city's agricultural products mainly include: grain, peanuts, vegetables, fruits, pork production, aquatic products, three birds feeding and so on. The city's agriculture has initially formed a relatively large-scale pillar industry such as pheasant breeding, fruit planting and rosin production. The standardized production of aquaculture has established demonstration bases in Dongzhen, Shuikou, Qianpai, Sihe and Dongchi towns. In xinyi city, nine kinds of agricultural products, such as Hezuo tea, fried fish, Hu Aixiang chicken and Sanhua plum, have obtained the certification mark of "Pollution-free Food in Guangdong Province", and "Xinxiang" brand high-quality rice has obtained the trademark registration of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce.

Xinyi is known as the "Pheasant Kingdom", and Pheasant breeding is the traditional agricultural pillar industry in xinyi city. Raising "Sanhuang Chicken" in mountainous areas, especially "Hu Aixiang Chicken", has become a well-known brand of Xinyi Agriculture at home and abroad, and the city has put raising chickens in mountainous areas at the strategic height of "stabilizing the city with agriculture". Xinyi Hu Aixiang Sanhuang Chicken was bred by modern methods and traditional stocking methods. In the feeding process, chickens are allowed to eat insects, grass seeds, leaves and so on. Free in the hillside forest, add a small amount of feed every day, and let the chickens bathe and grow in the green nature with fresh air and no pollution. Xinyi pheasant released in mountainous areas not only retains the original characteristics of Xinyi Hu Aixiang Sanhuang chicken, but also increases the sweet and delicious meat quality due to long feeding time and more exercise. Weaving is a traditional craft of Xinyi with a long history. Because the local bamboo, rattan and tree resources are abundant, and the people have weaving skills, weaving workshops are spread all over the county, especially in Hu Aixiang town, which is known as the hometown of bamboo weaving. Xinyi bamboo weaving handicrafts mainly include: flower basket, silver basket, flower tray, bread basket, bread basket, book box, round basket, egg pocket and other categories *** 1000 varieties. Exported to Japan, the United States, Britain, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong and Macao.

Jade processing has a history of 160 years. With the famous Nanyu jade and Jinsha jade in Xinyi as raw materials, 1000 pieces of jade handicrafts with different colors are well-known at home and abroad. The main varieties are Smooth sailing, Ciyun Pagoda, Yuzhu Pagoda, South Jade Cloisonne Cup, Jade Carved Dragon Boat, Jade Xiantao Bonsai, Jinsha Moon Cake, etc. Jade handicrafts produced by Guangdong Nanyu Craft Company are exported to more than 40 countries and regions in the world, and have won many awards such as National Excellent Tourist Souvenir Award, National Excellent Arts and Crafts Creative Design Award, National Light Industry Export Product Silver Award, First Beijing International Expo Gold Award, Guangdong Excellent Product Award, China Nanyu Capital and so on.

Weaving and jade carving are small crafts, but they are also big industries in xinyi city. Now the enterprise has also carried out informatization, and opened Jinsha jade shop on Taobao, selling jade handicrafts, specialty products and agricultural and sideline products in Xinyi. It absorbed the cultural characteristics of the common people in Gaozhou and the Liao people in Longzhou, and formed a rich and colorful culture of local religious gods, such as the blending of common people and Han people, believing in the fairy lady, Chen Lin, the official of Santaiwei and the owner of Bo commune. Influenced by the civilization of Douzhou and Yang Junsong, Xinyi people believe that the ancestors' bones and geomantic omen can bless future generations, and people will be buried twice after death, but modern funeral has destroyed this belief.

Mrs. Xian's culture is a kind of indifferent and elegant Guangfu culture, including: patriotism and love for the people, the integration of slang and China culture, the development of Confucian culture, good-neighborly and friendly culture and the development of marine culture.

Chen Lin's culture is a Hakka culture with the characteristics of San Luo, including: first, "dare to try"-young Chen Lin is famous for his bravery; second, "never give up"-middle-aged Chen Lin has three ups and downs; third, "patriotic struggle"-Chen Lin resisted Japan and aided Korea in his later years; and fourth, integrated Yao and Han. Xinyi's eating habits are generally rice, sweet potato, potato (potato), cassava, corn and so on. Pigs, chickens, ducks, fish, vegetables and bean products are the staple foods. Every traditional folk festival, no matter what life is like at ordinary times, wine and food are prepared according to the habit to celebrate. The villagers are very hospitable and warm, and friends shake hands, nod and say hello when they meet. It is a custom to treat guests on festive days such as marrying a daughter, a daughter-in-law, a birthday, a new house being built, a full moon for children or a gathering of relatives and friends. Besides our guests, we usually send out invitations to show our respect.

Snacks: vermicelli (including "mouth powder" in Dongchi Town and "firewood powder" in Beijie Town), glutinous rice flour (styles include soup, vegetable bag, peach, water, sugar board, hammer tart and ash). The Spring Festival is the biggest festival for people. Every household is decorated with lanterns and colorful decorations, beaming with joy. Adults give children benefits. Around the fifteenth day of the first month, Xinyi City and its surrounding towns made annual regulations. Every household takes turns to treat guests to dinner and carry out dragon and lion dances, movies, cultural performances, sports competitions and other activities.

Xinyi's traditional culture is also quite distinctive. Puppet shows, spring bull dances and color floats are the most popular among the masses. In mountainous areas, people organize "Dancing with Spring Cattle" every year during the Spring Festival or farming season, and usually two actors dress up as dancers. Tie cattle with bamboo sticks, sing and dance, and have a strong local flavor.

Gone with the wind art is mainly used in Zhenlong, Shuikou, Dongzhen and other places, with a history of nearly 300 years. There are performances around the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival or festive festivals every year. In 2005, Zhenlong Mingzhu Piaose Group was invited to participate in the 7th Folk Art Festival "Folk Art Parade" in China. Xinyi people like big reed (also called chimney), and almost every family in urban and rural areas has it. When smokers come to visit, they should first treat them with Arundo donax, which means that "they can feed on the one hand while eating water and soil". Just as Kung Fu tea has become a custom in chaozhou people, smoking chimneys has also become a custom feature of Xinyi.

Nowadays, hookahs and Xinyi cigarettes have been used as tourism products, and even Nanyu hookahs have been produced and sold to tourists, inheriting Xinyi culture. 165438+ Every year1From the end of October to the beginning of February, when the Bai Meihua in Yingdipo Village, Dongzhen Street was in full bloom, the white plum blossoms were extremely brilliant, and there were only Bai Meihua everywhere on the hillside, between ravines, at the foot of the mountain, beside the mountain road and the mountain stream. The Changgangling section of Provincial Highway 370 is located in Yingdipo Village. Many people call Indipo Plum Blossom Changgangling Plum Blossom. In fact, the Baishi Town section of Changgangling is also a good flower viewing spot. In addition, plum blossom attractions include Shangmo Meiqing Garden and Baishi Town in Jin Dong Town.

Go on road trip Route: Xinyi City-Wang Tong Zhulin Greenway-Heyahe Village-Yingdipo Village. (5 kilometers) Every year1from the end of October to the beginning of March, the Xinyi Pear Flower Tourism and Culture Festival, with 300,000 mu of plum blossoms in full bloom, attracts countless flower viewers. In recent years, during the Pear Blossom Festival in xinyi city, hundreds of thousands of tourists flocked to Baishi Town, Qianpai Town, Hongguan Town and Chashan Town to enjoy the flowers. Visitors can enjoy the beautiful scenery of Xinyi while enjoying the flowers.

The plum blossom scenery in Xinyi is known as "the purest scenery in southern China", and the annual plum blossom festival (65438+ 10 to March of the following year) has become a beautiful business card in Xinyi. Before the opening of the Pear Blossom Festival, the roads in the main producing areas were busy and people came and went on the country roads. "The scenic spot is crowded with people and it is very lively. 20 16 The best flower viewing period is before "beginning of spring". The local annual "Plum Blossom Festival" will be held during this period, adding joy to tourists from all walks of life.

In the early spring when Maoming was warm and cold, 300,000 mu of plum trees in Baishi Town, Qianpai Town, Hongguan Town and Tashan Town of Xinyi City bloomed one after another, with branches full of flowers and mountains covered with snow, which attracted many tourists from inside and outside the province to watch. In the scenic spot, tourists seem to be in the spring days of the northland, and they can feel the scenery of the northland wrapped in silver and the vast scenery of the southland where bees fly and butterflies dance, which is really intoxicating. In fact, the earliest flowering period is the plum blossom of Jinhua South Huali in the new village of Baishi Town, and the plum blossom of early-maturing Sanhua pear in machang village and Chashan Town of Pingtang Town.

The flower viewing route of Qianpai to Guizi is 1, Qianpai Market-Beinei Village-Caofu Village-Dong Bo Market-Chashan Market-Tandong Village-Hanguan Village-Guizi Town.

2. Qianpaiwei-Beinei Village-Zhongyan Village-Hongguanwei-Dalanwei-Huaixiangwei-Tandong Village-Hanguan Village-Guizi Town.

3. Qianpaiwei-Beinei Village-Yunkai Village-Luoren Village-machang village-Luoding Jiewei-Zhonghuo Village-Qiufenggen Village-Civilian Village-Hanguan Village-Guizi Town.

4. Qianpaiwei-Baishiwei-Yonglong Village-Wu Li Village (expressway entrance)-Zhushawei-Wangshawai-Guizi Town.

5. Qianpaiwei-Heshui Huangsha Village-Shaziwei-Lindongwei-Luoding Shuibaiwei-Luoding Jiewei-Zhonghuao Village-Qiufenggen Village-Civilian Village-Hanguan Village-Guizi Town.

6. Front row tail-Beiyongwei-Pingtangwei-Luoding Shuibaiwei-Luoding Jiewei-Zhonghuo Village-Qiufenggen Village-Civilian Village-Hanguan Village-Guizi Town. From the end of February to the beginning of April, there are camellias in Longdong, Hedong, Dong Chi and Dingbao Forest Parks, as well as mountains in Xinyi No.5 Middle School and peach blossoms in Du Yu Park, the most famous of which is the 1,000-acre peach base in Baishi Town. In addition, there are litchi flowers, longan, rape flowers and so on.

Driving route: 1. Xinyi City-a street accustomed to eating and drinking-Dong Chi-Tai 'an Village (site of Liao people and immortal stone in Guliangde)-Longgeng. (whole journey 15km)

2. Baomao Expressway Zhusha Exit-Butou Village-Longbu Village-Longgeng. The flowering period of Alpinia oxyphylla is generally from the end of March to the end of April, and the fruiting period is from May to June. The pattern of the flower is beautiful, pink and white with red veins, and the petals are wrinkled, which has a special fragrance and shows its holiness like a fairy. Simple rural customs, magical natural "southern medicine gas field" and fragrant medicinal flowers are a good place to recuperate, relax, nourish tired body, preserve health and improve intelligence, and prolong life. It is also a "creative base" for writers, painters, musicians and photographers, and a "paradise for tourists". The medicine is fragrant and fragrant. Waiting for you, take a deep breath in the "Nanyao Forest Oxygen Bar" in Hongguan Town!

Driving route: 1. Xinyi City-a street used to eating and drinking-Dongchi Town-Hu Aixiang Town-Hongsheng Village, Hongguan Town (the whole journey is about 34 kilometers).

Or the north exit of Baomao Expressway in Xinyi City-Dongchi Town-Hu Aixiang Town-Hongsheng Village of Hongguan Town (about 28 kilometers, foreign tourists can get off the expressway here, and the traffic is very convenient).

2. Xinyi City —— a street where people are used to eating and drinking —— the original cloth of Chidongwei —— the immortal stone of Guliangde site in Taian village —— the site of present people in Tonggu village, the ancient building complex of Sendai Temple —— Shenfu village, Luo Keming's hometown —— Ding Cun pottery kiln, Yunluo fresh loquat —— Taibao temple in Pingmei village, and the former site of Hu Aixiang inspection department in Xining county. Tiger Leaping Crossing Red, one of the eight new scenic spots in Xinyi, is located on the banks of Huanghua River in Niuxia Village, Daxie, Hu Aixiang Town, and the rocky hills on both sides of Tiger Leaping Gorge are covered with azaleas. In spring, the river is green as jade and the azaleas are like fire. The famous sentence: "One river is green in spring, and the azaleas on both sides are red" is a beautiful description of Tiger Leaping Gorge. Poets like to mourn, admire and recite here. From the end of March to the beginning of May every year, it is a good season to enjoy azaleas. The famous rhododendron spots are Shierzaodu and Yadou Mountain in Qiufenggen, Qiuci Town, Baimaping in Qianpai Town and Shidongzui in Dongchi Town.

Driving route: 1. Xinyi City-Street used to eating and drinking-Dong Chi-Huaixiangwei-Greater xie cun. (30 km)

Second, Baomao Expressway Zhusha Exit-Zhusha Xu-Wang Sha Xu-panlong village takes a yacht to xie cun. (Whole journey 15km) The flowering period of Xinyi girl is from the end of April to the beginning of June. The whole mountain is pink (the most famous is Dagangling), like a little girl dancing in the green leaves in a pink skirt, which makes people feel particularly romantic. On July 14 of the agricultural month, the girls all over the mountain hang their heads, and every few days, they attract a large number of children in droves, carrying bags to pick girls in the sun.

We believe there is a legend that after Halloween, there will be many marks like nail scratches on the girl's surface, or there will be many small holes, some of which will fall to the ground one after another. The old man said that they had been eaten by ghosts, especially stressed that girls should not be picked up on the mountain on Ghost Festival, and threatened children with stories of many disobedient children being caught by ghosts on the mountain. This is a legend, and we should not believe it.

Driving route: 1. Xinyi city-Liwei Village-Baipo Village-Dagangling. (5 km)

2. Xinyi City-Wang Tongzhu Road-Heyahe Village-Gaocheng Reservoir-Youying Village-Dagangling. (whole journey10km)