Introduced to the west and improved the cultivation of vaccinia.

Many history books have given Qin Na the honor of being a Westerner (1749— 1823). The fact is that before Qin Na, there was a case of Zhengzhou GPS planting human pox in the west, and reliable data showed that it was a western businessman who first introduced China's human pox planting technology to the west.

1700, a British businessman wrote to the Royal Society, introducing the vaccination technology of China people in detail. He said in the letter: "Open the pustule of smallpox patients, suck a little pus with cotton, dry it ... and then put it in the nose of people who may have smallpox." Regrettably, this letter did not attract the attention of the British medical community. A few years later, the wife of the British ambassador to Turkey became the first person to introduce human pox vaccine into Britain. The ambassador's wife's name is Mary montague (1689- 1762). She is a romantic woman who pursues novelty and likes to explore. She was very interested in vaccination in Turkey and asked a Turk to vaccinate her son Edward. The doctor at the embassy wrote a paper about Edward's vaccination process and reported it to the Royal College. The year after the Ambassador's wife came back, that is, 172 1, smallpox was prevalent in Britain, and she vaccinated her daughter with human pox. The ambassador's wife promoted this smallpox prevention technology to the British royal family through her personal relationship. Soon the royal family did experiments on prisoners, which proved that the human pox vaccine was safe and reliable. A year later, the daughter of the Prince of Wales was vaccinated with human pox vaccine, and since then, human pox vaccine has become popular in Britain. 1789 A monument was erected for the Ambassador's wife to commemorate her introduction of human pox cultivation techniques to Britain.

So what contribution did Qin Na make to the prevention of smallpox?

Qin Na's contribution to smallpox prevention can be summarized as three points, further understanding the law of incidence; Experiments have proved that people can only suffer from smallpox once in their lives; Invented the vaccinia vaccine. When studying medicine, Qin Na knew something about vaccination against human pox, so she consulted her teacher, John Hunt, who advised him not to follow blindly and let him do the experiment. After practicing medicine, Qin Na began to carefully observe the incidence of smallpox. 1793, he wrote a paper "Discussion on the Causes and Effects of Vaccinia", in which he realized the relationship between smallpox and vaccinia for the first time and thought that smallpox could spread between people and animals. Since then, he has made further experiments on the spread of vaccinia. 1796, he took pus from a cow pox on a milkmaid's hand and inoculated it on an 8-year-old boy's arm. A week later, the boy felt unwell, but returned to normal a few days later. Soon after, Qin Na injected the boy with vaccinia pus for the second time. As a result, the boy did not feel any discomfort, which indicated that the boy had acquired smallpox immunity. Chenner concluded from this experiment that a person who has been infected with vaccinia before "will never get smallpox". Before that, people thought that smallpox only happened once in a lifetime, but it came from observation rather than experimental proof. This is Qin Na's greatest contribution to science. In order to distinguish her own inoculation method from the traditional human pox inoculation, Qin Na named her own aspect vaccinia inoculation.