Outline of national history 1 reading notes
This week, because of my laziness, I only read the first two chapters of this book, that is, marriage and clan system. About the ancient marriage and clan system, other books I have read before have been involved, and Mr. Lu's exposition is relatively complete. Of course, even if Mr. Lu said that "the narrative should be concise and the writing should be simple", it is still quite difficult to read. When Mr. Lu wrote this book, it was mixed with literature and white, which made me stop to look it up in the dictionary from time to time. This book was originally written as a college textbook, and it also shows the quality differences between college students in those days and today.
I have read the two chapters on marriage and clan system more than twice. What impressed me most was not the themes of these two chapters, but Mr. Lu's views on gender and marriage. Mr. Lu was born in the Republic of China, nearly a hundred years before today's young men. His views on gender relations, marriage and family are much more advanced than those of men today (mainstream men, of course, some women).
What impressed me the most was the paragraph about divorce. In ancient times (taking the Qing law as an example), although "the husband and wife are not in harmony and want to leave", they can divorce, but the dominant position of men over women in marriage leads men not to let go easily, and it is even more sinful to run away behind their husbands' backs. Therefore, Mr. Lu mentioned: "Even when we get married, we are in pure love, and there are absolutely no other roles mixed in it, so it is difficult to guarantee its permanence. What's more, the current marriage is mixed with other characters, and it is the majority? If you want to save a miserable family, "it is better to be lenient in divorce than to be cautious in marriage." "
Usually when men talk about divorce, it is difficult to jump out of the patriarchal perspective. Mr. Lu defended women's freedom from such a profound understanding of justice. After reading it, I can't help wondering if Mr. Lu is really straight.
I suddenly remembered the "most beautiful wedding emcee" who was on the internet recently, and lied to the couple who came to handle the divorce that "the printer was broken" and forced them to return in vain. Such measures seem to "save" the family on the verge of breaking up, but they can't solve any practical problems except satisfying the personal moral superiority of wedding service personnel. Husband and wife are at odds, and they will quarrel when they go back. Is it because they can't go through the formalities that they can go twice? I'm afraid this stupid good man is more harmful than a rational wicked man.
Regarding marriage, Mr. Lu introduced his views by taking Boloro in Brazil as an example. Such people lead a romantic and indulgent life when they are young, and then get married when they are "old and have less sex, and both sides want to live in peace". Mr. Lu thinks this system is more reasonable, because "human nature is polygamous", and marriage and cohabitation are purely social relations, just for division of labor and cooperation. So, let love return to love and interests return to interests, isn't it complete?
During this period, Mr. Lu further analyzed that sexual desire is innate and should be vented rather than suppressed. Teenage men and women, however, are really unable to stand on their own feet financially and are incompetent in educating their children, so they have to marry later. Some people get married late, while others are single because of difficulties in making a living. This is actually a social system that suppresses human nature and is not conducive to personal and social stability. In this regard, his plan is: "separate the economic and children's education issues from gender issues, so that this will not happen." Therefore, the current measures are birth control and public birth of children, as well as relief for late marriage and celibacy. "
Men and women can freely combine and have children, but they don't have to worry about economic independence and child support (handed over to the social division of labor). This is simply a life of changing the marriage system! Mr. Lu further pointed out that the marriage system is the dross of the times. In the patriarchal society, the family makes women "gradually become protected, lose their independence and belong to men". Men, on the other hand, "take this opportunity to oppress women and occupy more rights", instead of "taking more responsibility for fertility". This phenomenon, even if it lasts for thousands of years, can it last forever in an era when individualism prevails and individuality needs to be respected?
Mr. Lu also cited the "new women" at that time to demonstrate his views from the opposite side. He said: women are unfamiliar with housework, so they have no time to take care of their families while taking care of their work. This is only a sign of social progress, because "they are unfamiliar with housework, but they are proficient in participating in social work. This is a selfish small organization that will be gradually destroyed; A big, fair and fraternity system will gradually form a symbol. 」
At the end of the chapter on marriage, Mr. Lu put forward: "A good wife and mother are just good ministers and servants." "We should teach all men and women the will to serve this huge organization in the world. The family is a tool to enslave women, and women will be broken when they wake up-this idea should not be too advanced. 2 1 century, the marriage and family in developed countries really showed signs of disintegration. Especially with the development of contraceptive technology, the release of sexual desire no longer needs the protection of marriage, which clears the last stumbling block for the complete elimination of marriage. Mr. Lu is really a master!
Finally, let's talk about a small detail: traditional people always think that people have the instinct to get married, love it, continue it, and often say that "there are three unfilial things, and there is no future." However, Mr. Lu pointedly pointed out that people love their families because of acquired culture, not natural instinct. "People love their family because the society has a family organization first, so that people's love appears in this form. Just like water, it becomes a treasure when you meet a circle." The so-called worry that there is no future is also because "people always try their best to run a thing and can't bear to sit back and watch it die", that is, they invest too much in the early stage and can't bear to see it become a sunk cost. Emerging concepts such as celibacy and late marriage in industrial society, although imported, can spread rapidly in China, which just shows that people's instinct to satisfy their own lives is higher than that to establish a family.
Although I always feel that this statement is problematic (perhaps his view lacks the support of evolution and genetic research), I have to say that it is really refreshing.
Reading Notes on Outline of National History II
I opened this book with the original intention of understanding the development of the Chinese nation. This book has more than 4000 pages. I was a little scared at first. Will it be boring? Will it be anticlimactic?
It took more than 20 hours off and on, and I finished watching it. I carefully read the part before the prosperous Tang Dynasty, because the longer the history, the more fresh and interesting it seems to me. After the Tang Dynasty, I learned more or less about them on TV and in novels.
After reading this book, the biggest feeling is that there are winners and losers!
"Taking history as a mirror, we can know the rise and fall" is true, and no one can stop the change and inheritance of history. Every dynasty has striking similarities from establishment to prosperity to decline. It is nothing more than that after a generation of kings were cruel and autocratic, or their pursuit of pleasure was unpopular, someone stood up to overthrow the decadent rule and establish a new regime. In the early days of the establishment of the new regime, we will certainly learn the lessons of the failure of the previous regime, do our best to govern, and then move towards prosperity. But later, the successors of the regime did not know the hardships of the ancestors fighting for the country, nor did they know that losing the hearts of the people was self-destructive. Then go to corruption and start a new cycle.
However, there is no absolute justice in history, winning or losing is the truth! This land of the Chinese nation has undergone the changes of the times, and it has been constantly divided and combined. In the end, the winner has the right to write history.
Give a few simple examples. What if the most powerful of the Seven Heroes in the Warring States Period was not Qin, but Chu or Qi? Then it is possible that what we remember is not Qin Shihuang, but Chu Emperor or Qi Emperor. But is there any essential difference? Maybe not. If Liu Bang was killed at the Hongmen Banquet at the end of Qin Dynasty in the Chu-Han dispute between Liu Bang and Xiang Yu, then there might be no Han Dynasty in history and Chu State would take its place. If at the end of the Ming Dynasty, the rebel regime established in Li Zicheng developed and Dourgen's Qing soldiers were not allowed to enter the customs, then history would be rewritten.
Therefore, in the process of regime change, there is no absolute justice and evil, only the winner is the king and the loser is the enemy, just doing different things in different positions.
Yue Fei's loyalty to the country was praised by later generations, and Yue Jiajun was majestic in all directions, which made the nomads from the country terrified. Judging from the historical environment, those in power in the Song Dynasty at that time were corrupt and incompetent. Even if they were not invaded by the Northern Jin Dynasty, a reactionary uprising would break out in China. If Jin Bing succeeded in overthrowing the rule of the Song Dynasty and establishing political power in the Central Plains like the Qing soldiers, then the history we are reading now is another version.
Besides, in modern times, if Dr. Sun Yat-sen had not died early, would the relationship between the two parties in China be a different situation? Will we be in a capitalist society now?
All in all, I'm glad that we are now born in a peaceful era, because it's hard to come by. We don't have to face cruel racial struggle, class struggle and revolutionary war. Maybe do something meaningful to society, maybe you just need to be yourself.
Besides the rise and fall of history, this book also tells many famous stories and allusions in history. For example, when you hear chickens dancing, you lose to Xiao He, and you lose to Su Wu. . . . . .
It is not difficult to read thousands of books and take the Wan Li Road in today's society. Both are the best ways to enrich and diversify our life experiences. Why not?
Reading Notes on Outline of National History 3
Master Lu's book showed me a general history of China. Although I don't know much about it, I have left the representative field with my back to North Korea and taken a small step up. I forget where I have seen it. Master Lu's accumulation of historical materials can be said to be the first person in the Republic of China, and as far as his writing and classification of this book are concerned, I deeply agree with this sentence.
This book is divided into two parts. The first part is the cultural history (including a general description of the military, politics, etiquette, economy and criminal records of past dynasties), which is written according to each category, and then the development of this system in the past two thousand years is expounded according to the most original contents in the book. For example, taking the military system as an example, Master Lu analyzed the military system in various periods and threw out a universal advantage and disadvantage. There is no mention of comparison throughout the book. In fact, Master Lu has expressed his opinions throughout the book.
Let's change the topic and talk about the historical view. For those who write history books, his view of history represents his own view, which will become content and be displayed in the eyes of readers. For example, in the dispute between the official history and unofficial history, many historical materials collected by unofficial history are the same as those collected by the official history, even exceeding the official history, such as Guo Que and Chao Yi Lu. The first difference between "positive" and "wild" lies in the identity of historians. Official history is often born in the hands of authors appointed by the government, while unofficial history compiles history by people who are not appointed by the government. Because of different personal reasons, the same thing feels completely different in the hands of two people with different positions, and often the author will show his thoughts on something to the readers, which is very subjective, so it is a correct view of history.
The second part of the book is political history (of course, political history is not all about politics, but about the rise and fall of various dynasties or countries, so it is called political history because it is generally about politics or military affairs). This is the place I am most interested in. Taking history as a mirror, taking history as a mirror is what I admire most, and under the concept I admire, it is naturally the development and failure of dynasties. All history is contemporary history. I think this sentence began with the rise of textual research school in the Qing Dynasty, blossomed in the history circle in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and gradually disappeared after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
I noticed that at the beginning of various cultural systems, Mr. Lu often quoted books of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, such as Li, Zuo Zhuan, Ram and Chunqiu, supplemented by various materials of the White Tiger, thus establishing his own historical view and positioning himself as a tourist who watches the long river of history-Confucian scholars.
Confucianism, a school, is more like a sect. Confucianism has influenced China for two thousand years, but it must be the thought of a hundred schools of thought contending, and it cannot represent the thought of China people. Confucianism is popular because it is loyal to the monarch and patriotic, and at the same time, it will last for two thousand years. In many popular Chinese studies classes, it is completely follow the trend to let children learn those Confucian classics, but they don't know what Confucianism is and no matter what the use of learning these things is, they rashly define things like "Chinese studies" and "national customs", but they don't indicate what they include at all. Isn't this selling "dog skin plaster"?
What is the literal meaning of Confucianism? In Shuowen, it is "the meat industry, the name of the warlock". What is a warlock? According to the northeast dialect, it means dancing for the great god, but Confucius obviously didn't teach you how to dance for the great god, so the core idea of Confucianism is precisely "ceremony" Father Lu was born in the late Qing Dynasty and worked as a teacher in the Qing Dynasty for nearly 20 years. He is well versed in the Neo-Confucianism of the Four Books and Five Classics, and his views are above those of Confucianism.
"White tiger" is a step theory of Confucianism in the Eastern Han Dynasty, but Master Lu used "ceremony" and "white tiger" to judge the merits and demerits of a dynasty. Personally, I don't think it's very good, because Master Lu didn't base his views on that time, and showed the idea of "being wise after the event" everywhere.
Confucianism originated in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and flourished in the Western Han Dynasty. It is a strange reason that the Qin Dynasty unified China's system by legalists, and all the people from Emperor Gaozu to Emperor Jing chose Taoism to govern the country. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Confucianism was just a very common school, which was only popular in Shandong, while the big countries mostly used France, Mexico and the army, with vertical and horizontal effects. In the final analysis, it is because Confucianism is not suitable for living in troubled times. After all, its central idea is ceremony. As the old saying goes, "It is better to be a peaceful dog than to leave people in chaos". Not the way to run a country in troubled times.
Under the Taoist governance of the four emperors in the early Han Dynasty, the world gradually became peaceful, which gave Liu Che the opportunity to use Confucian governance. In Confucian regulations, the hierarchy is very strict. The lower level meets the superior, the lower level meets the elder, the son meets the father, the minister meets the prince, and so on. , has stipulated the extremely strict etiquette, standing at the top of the people, that is, the emperor, the most enjoy this treatment. When you see him, everyone should kneel down and salute, and you can't cross the line, otherwise you will be a traitor and unruly.
The old man I saw in the cultural history dreamed of returning to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, which is exactly the same as Confucius' thought. His complicated etiquette and well-field system are no different from Confucius', because in the history of China, the Western Zhou Dynasty is the dynasty that pays the most attention to etiquette, which is "exquisite" in Beijing dialect. But this is, after all, a round in the process of historical development. Just like in the Western Han Dynasty, someone put forward a complicated etiquette system, but Liu Che obviously didn't have a brain cramp and just adopted etiquette. Since then, Confucianism has become synonymous with loyalty to the monarch and patriotism.
After reading this book, I made a Baidu research on Master Lu's life experience, in order to understand the background of his writing this book. After a preliminary glance, I found that Master Lu was a corrupt scholar, and what he did was somewhat similar to that of Confucius' descendants, that is, he talked about "ceremony" in name, but not in fact, which was completely in line with the characteristics of Confucian scholars.
Zhou Shuren once used "China's history is a bloody history of cannibalism" to briefly describe the development process of China's history, while Liang Qichao directly stated that "the history of twenty-four is not history, but the genealogy of twenty-four surnames". Therefore, in everyone's eyes, when we look at the history of a period, we should first look at the rulers at that time, then at the ruling clique, then at martial arts, and then choose whether there are attractive places. After reading it, we will go to see other things. First of all, due to the lack of historical materials, we can't understand the dynamics of the lower working people and can't look at the life of that period instead of the civilians of that period. The second is that all history is contemporary history, and we will automatically ignore those materials that are boring or unnecessary to know, and look for what we need, because we can't find available words for the time being and use the word things instead.
In Master Lu's book, it is inevitable to fall into the first quagmire mentioned in the previous paragraph. China's 2,000-year history cannot be replaced by a book. No matter which history book is produced, it is thicker than this one. But it still depends on Lu's book to describe it briefly. But this book can only bring us the use of a dictionary. How can I put it? The first is a brief description of things. For example, Ran Min, the mourner of the Kingdom of Wu during the Sixteen Countries Period in Wuhu, probably knew all about his "order to punish Hu", but he only knew the surface but didn't know the bottom. The description of Master Lu focuses on describing the politics of this period and the cowardice of the Eastern Jin government, and intentionally or unintentionally ignores the dynamics of the sixteen countries in Wuhu, which involves some reasons. These words can't be said directly, but naturally they sow the seeds of curiosity in people's hearts, and they will always search when they have time.
In real life, many people are a little dissatisfied with the present living environment, so they look for something to fill this gap in history. China has always been a ritual society that worships and suppresses the ancient. We know that more than half of all kinds of "saints" and "gods" were blocked in the Ming Dynasty. Just like the Monkey King in the Journey to the West said, "This year, the emperors took turns to do it and came to my house", which expressed the people's longing for themselves at that time, and they didn't yearn for life, so they praised and admired some ancient people.
This matter has existed since ancient times, such as the Ten Philosophers of the Wu Temple in Tang Dynasty, the modern "Zhuge Liang who divided the world into three parts, Liu Bowen who unified the world", the Biography of Yang Jiajiang, "Zhong Jing said Yue", and the cloud "Since ancient times, no one can be the right, and then Zhu Yuanzhang's ear" to evaluate the ancients. So many people will have an idol, and this idol is mostly an emperor.
People who love military affairs and war will worship Liu Che, Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong and Judy of Ming Chengzu. Those who admire the prime minister will admire Zhuge Liang, Fang and Du in the Tang Dynasty, and Wang Anshi in the Song Dynasty. These are people who have made great achievements in history or promoted and influenced the historical process, so they will be so admired as idols by future generations.
And master Lu naturally praised his idol-(South) Emperor Gaozu Wu in the book. He even commented on Chen Baxian: No one is as upright as Chen Wudi and has never been a monarch.
The so-called national meaning is nothing more than two points: when a person is in trouble, there is no suspicion of relying on power; Eliminating violence for the people has no intention of previewing artifacts. Only (Western) Hanhe meets these two requirements. Chen Baxian seized power, usurped the throne, oppressed the young emperor and drove away his friends. There is no justice in this country, but his comments on Chen Baxian in his book are quite good compared with those of other emperors. So I got to know Chen Baxian immediately after reading it. In the book "Chen", I recorded that he was "charming, ambitious, indifferent to family property, knowledgeable and decisive, convinced at that time, long-term, dabbled in historical books, good at reading military books, bright latitude, lonely and brave" This paragraph is obvious.
Strangely, in the book's evaluation of hundreds of emperors, Master Lu gave high evaluation to the Qing emperor and low evaluation to the Jin emperor, and even put most of the space on the cremation, as if the history of the cremation represented the history of the Jin dynasty.
I have read all this book, but I still want to say that Master Lu's historical materials are really rich. As for whether I use the spring and autumn brushwork, this is obvious.
Reading Notes on Outline of National History 4
Why study and study history? The answers given in Selected Works of Marx and Engels are: first, take history as a mirror to guide people's social practice; Second, explore the future and cultivate people's spiritual character; Third, we should learn to be old and inherit the wealth of human culture. The history of China is undoubtedly of great significance in the long history of the world. The General History of China published by Taihai Publishing House is undoubtedly a masterpiece of China's general history.
The General History of China was written by Zhang Yinlin, Lv Simian and Jiang Tingfu. Among these three historians, Lv Simian is the most influential, and his position in the field of historiography is obvious to all and irreplaceable. I have read Mr. Lu's History of China Vernacular before, which really benefited me a lot. Mr. Jiang's contribution to the modern history of China is also unique, and his modern history of China is also wonderful. However, my reading ability is limited and I don't know much about Mr. Zhang Yinlin's works. However, this general history of China is not a simple mechanical patchwork of three masters' works. In the retelling of the history of China, there is always a goal to point to contemporary China, which actually reflects that the three authors were in the "chaotic politics" of the Republic of China when they wrote the history of China. Their research and dialysis on the history of China always have a direction, hoping to find the experience and lessons of national rejuvenation from history.
In addition, the editor of this book seamlessly spliced the works of three historians together, giving people a sense of integration. The whole book is refreshing to read. Without a deep foundation, the general reader may not think that this is a combination of three works, which also shows the skill and well-meaning of the editor. In every major historical period or update, the editor also summarizes the development and major historical events of other countries in the same period with concise and clear language in a few tens of words in the blank space, so that readers can understand the history of China from the vertical dimension of time and grasp the history of the world from the horizontal dimension, which has to be said to be a breakthrough.
A general history, from ancient times to the world, knows the rise and fall. Twenty-eight chapters in a short three-volume book systematically describe the development of China in ancient and modern times, from the origin of civilized nations to the last dynasty in China, and then to the beginning of modern history in China. The content is rich, comprehensive and detailed, basically covering all the major events and minor turning points in the history of China, and all the things complained are based on historical data, which is also the basis for the achievements of the three gentlemen, that is, their attitude towards history is very strict, and they are unambiguous in speculating and muddling along. As for the controversial points, the author points out that with the discovery of more historical materials, these disputes may be solved.
In the preface, Mr. Lv Simian wrote, "Its shallow mistakes should be introduced and corrected in the contemporary era." This is the master style, humility, wisdom and persistence. Mr Jiang Tingfu wrote: "We should pay attention to how imperialism oppresses us. We should carefully study the resistance plan of each period. In particular, it is necessary to analyze the degree and reasons for the success or failure of each scheme. If we can find out the lessons of our modern history, we will be more able to contribute to the war of resistance and the founding of the country. " This is the master's thinking about the society, his responsibility to the country and the people at the time of national crisis, and his willingness to fight for the ideal in his heart and the ideal in the world for life. Although they "can't conquer the world by force", they try their best to save this nation with the belief of "fixing Kun with writing". Maybe they never think they are doing great things, but they know they are doing the right thing, and they hope to make "modest" efforts for national rejuvenation. We often say that for them, it is more important to have a craftsman's heart, perhaps just doing what they want to do all their lives, doing the right thing, and living up to the wishes they made when they were studying.
Reading Notes on Outline of National History 5
Among the above books, Qian Zhu has 1939, which is compiled according to The National SouthWest Associated University's lecture notes. At that time, the arrogance of the Japanese invaders was blazing and the fate of the country was at stake. Qian wrote history with the tragic spirit of "writing the last general history of China". Qian's book is full of literary talent and emotional agitation, based on lofty ideals and hit the nail on the head. This is indeed an ancient book. The fly in the ointment is that some places are a bit subjective, and Qian himself is relatively conservative. Some historical theories are pedantic, such as Sima Guang's Chen Guang Yue, and the style of writing is mixed. Qian made a will that before the copyright of his book was made public, it was not allowed to be published in a simplified horizontal format. So far, there is only one traditional vertical version of the money tree, and the variant characters in the book are flying all over the sky, which is an obstacle for ordinary readers.
Lu pays attention to the concatenation and textual research of historical materials, so his reading tolerance is poor, especially "A General History of China", which is blown all over the waist, and ordinary readers will not like it when they buy it home. Lu Shu's General History of China has a different style. The first part is a special history written on the theme of "marriage", "clan system" and "economy", which is very professional and accounts for three-fifths of the book. The second part is a brief introduction to Chinese political history. So, I just want to read a general history of China, and I'm not interested in the history of China. Uncle Lu is not the best choice. Zhang Yinlin's Outline of China History is actually very suitable for ordinary readers. Literary talent does not lose money, nor does it objectively lose Lu Shu. Zhang himself is also a legend. You can watch it online. Zhang stayed abroad and has his own historical philosophy, so his books are profound, clear and fluent in words, simple but not simple, easy to understand and not kitsch. Unfortunately, Zhang wrote about the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. What a pity! Chen's works were recently published by Workers' Publishing House. At that time, they were called "Chen Er" together with Chen Yinque, but Chen's specialty seems to be in modern history. His general history is a bit like a speech, and more than half of it is made up by his students. Miao's book is offset printed, and the spine of the book is easy to crack. After reading it, I feel a lot of new ideas, which have made people think a lot so far. It's a pity that this book has a strong taste in classical Chinese, and sometimes its words are strange. If the classical Chinese is not good, it may be difficult to read.
In recent years, Hong Kong and Taiwan's works on the general history of China have also flowed into the mainland, and we can see some of them today. How many kinds are there from here? A General History of China edited by Fu Lecheng, a set of seven books, which most people can read as long as they insist. This book is very literary with pictures and texts, but it seems that the style and views in the book are not consistent, and some authors are still in graduate school. One is A General History of China written by Love Fu, but this book has a strong textual research flavor, with large paragraphs of notes. The book only provides historical materials, not historical viewpoints for reference. Not suitable for readers who have not formed their own historical view. The other is Li's Outline of China History. Although boasting on the waistcoat that "it is more objective than the Outline of National History by Qian Mu and more vivid than Lv Simian's General History of China", when Ming Taizu is mentioned in the book, Zhu Yuanzhang's psychopathy is asserted through several examples without background. Where is objectivity? Moreover, this book also tends to collect anecdotes and stick to details. Many places will talk about some very specific historical details, which is not the task of general history. And Kuang Shiyuan of Hong Kong and Taiwan wrote "On the Balance of National History". Please arrange the materials. There are many typos, which are to the point. The general history of China written by many foreigners is difficult to read. For example, the part about China in Hegel's Lecture Notes on World Philosophy is naive enough; Some parts of China, such as historical research and global history, are really only suitable for foreigners who know nothing about China. This paper mainly introduces the history of Toastmasters in China and the history of China in Cambridge. Japanese people have a habit of studying the history of China, that is, to demonstrate first, and then to make logical deduction. This feature is vividly reflected in the history of China. The author of the second book "Yin Zhou Chun Qiu Warring States" really had a whim, saying that "Three Biographies of Spring and Autumn" was for the ruling nobles, and so on. After reading it, I lamented the absurdity and had to admire the Japanese for daring to think and write. Reading is inspiring and imaginative. In addition, the author will break away from historical narration and begin to talk about his archaeological experience in China, which is quite "meta-novel" in novel writing. Generally speaking, you can't take it seriously. Reading here can help you understand the thinking habits of China and the Japanese in the eyes of the Japanese. If you want to read here, you can get a glimpse of the way to learn the history of China.
The History of China in Cambridge was originally a *** 16 volume, but it has not been published for more than ten years. This set of books is thin and thick, and the thinking is very obvious. The closer, the longer. The authors are first-class sinologists, and compared with the Japanese, they are more introverted and pay attention to historical facts. The disadvantage is that because it is translation, the language is inevitably Europeanized; Large space; Some chapters are more professional and unpopular; Each chapter is discontinuous and separated from each other, and the style of each chapter is also inconsistent. Generally speaking, it is much better than that written by the Japanese, and it is not satisfactory as an introduction to the general history of China.
The government has publish a concise history book of China. To tell the truth, most of the contents of this book are still very objective and easy to read, and there is almost no bootleg goods. I was surprised at first, too. I thought it was incredible. Later I learned that the publication of this book really wanted to erect a mirror. Writing an excellent general history of China actually requires the cooperation of many people. The era of Sima Qian is gone forever. Every historian is good at different aspects. Only when many people work together can it be possible to write first-class works. This book is written by many people, with little personal style. But I still doubt whether this book can surpass the money of the "Four Masters of National History" and the History of Lutong. In this mediocre age, everyone is "dragging a mediocre braid." So, strictly speaking, for ordinary readers today, we don't have a nearly perfect general history of China.
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