On the basis of the original Urumqi Health and Epidemic Prevention Station, Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention is composed of relevant prevention and control institutions (including the Municipal Tuberculosis Control Institute, the Municipal Office of Endemic Diseases and the Municipal Health Education Institute). Its predecessor, Urumqi Health and Epidemic Prevention Station, was established in 1952. Up to now, the center has a total of 147 employees. On May 8, 2004, according to the superior spirit, the former Urumqi Health and Epidemic Prevention Station, the Municipal Endemic Disease Office, the Municipal Tuberculosis Prevention Institute and the Municipal Health Education Institute were merged into the Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention (UCDC), which is a fully funded institution.

At present, Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention has become the technical guidance center for disease prevention and control, health inspection and testing, preventive medical research, health technical training and public health emergency system in Urumqi. It is also the teaching and training base of Xinjiang Medical University and the demonstration base for joint training of graduate students in Industry-University-Research, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.