1958 belongs to Shanzuizi Commune and wudan Commune, 1984 belongs to Sidao zhangfang town. Located in the north-central part of Onniut Banner, it is 7 km away from the Banner Government/kloc-0. 1996, with an area of 2 17 square kilometers and a population of 0.8 million, governs seven administrative villages, namely, Sidao Zhang Fang, Toudao Zhang Fang, Pailou Goumen, Daxinjing, Xinfang, Sidao Wopu and Liudao Wopu.
200 1, Sidao zhangfang town was cancelled and merged into Toufen Town. In 2006, Shanzuizi Township, Chaowendu Sumu, Bagatala Sumu and Buliyan Sumu were abolished, and the original administrative area of Sumu Township was merged and the four villages of Zhang Fang, Pailou Goumen, Daxinjing and Wudaowopu were merged into wudan Town. After the merger, wudan Town has a total area of 208 1.74 square kilometers, a total population of 1 18559 people, and governs 19 gacha, 24 administrative villages and 5 neighborhood committees. The town government is located in wudan, the seat of the former wudan town government. 150426100: ~ 001/xinhua community ~ 002 12 1 the community outside the ancient city ~ 00312/kloc-0. 00 122 ximenwai village ~ 20 122 shuangwopu village ~ 202 122 north da miao cun ~ 203 122 beimenwai village ~ 204 122 dongmenwai village ~ 205/kloc-0. 122 Qiaonan Village ~ 209 122 Shijiaying Village ~ 2 1 kloc-0/22 Yangjiaying Village ~ 2 1 1 122 Dongdao Village ~ 2/kloc 6 220 Yimatu Village ~ 265438 ~ 230 220 Alishan Gacha ~ 23 1 220 brillant Gacha ~ 232 220 Hurriha Gacha ~ 233 220 Budun Gacha. 36 220 Hari Aobao Gacha ~ 237 220 Qigan Gacha ~ 238 220 Baiyinhujiao Gacha ~ 239 220 Sidao Zhang Fang Village ~ 240 220 Pailougoumen Village ~ 24 1 220 Daxinjing Village ~ 242 220 Wuwopu Village.
National custom
Jiaobao
There are many traditional Mongolian sacrificial activities, such as offering sacrifices to heaven, fire, ancestors and Aobao. Among them, offering sacrifices to Aobao is a common sacrificial activity in Mongolian residential areas.
"Aobao" is a Mongolian transliteration, also known as "Ebo" and "Naobao", and Chinese means "Gaoduizi". Originally, it refers to stone piles or mounds made of stones or mud on nomadic borders and roads, and is used for marking. As recorded in the Hall of Qinghui, Mongolia "is a place where nomadic people meet, and those who have no mountains and rivers for their ambitions are called Aobao". Later, it was gradually regarded as the residence of the gods, as the object of sacrifice and worship. As a result, the original landmarks and road signs have become places where gods such as mountain gods, road gods and village guards are worshipped. It can also be built on site as needed. In the past, all flags, sumu and temples in Inner Mongolia had their own public oboes, and wealthy families also built several oboes, each with its own name.
Horse milk festival [a custom of Mongolian in Xilinguole grassland]
Mongolian traditional festivals. It is named after praising horses and drinking koumiss. Mainly popular in Xilingol grassland and Erdos pastoral area in Inner Mongolia. Usually held in late August of the lunar calendar, the date is not fixed and lasts for one or two days. In order to celebrate the bumper harvest and bless each other, besides preparing enough kumiss, we also entertain guests with whole sheep seats, hold horse races, invite folk singers to sing greetings, give gifts to old Mongolian doctors, and perform or show movies in Qi Mu, Wulan. It is said that Nadam Festival originated from this.
Nadam Fair
Mongolian means "game" or "entertainment". Originally refers to the Mongolian traditional "three men's competitions"-wrestling, horse racing and archery. With the development of the times, it has gradually evolved into a grand celebration and material exchange activity that includes various cultural and entertainment contents today. Nadam in history is not limited by time, and is generally held on occasions such as offering sacrifices to mountains and rivers, military expeditions, triumphs, the emperor's accession to the throne, the first month, and large-scale celebrations. Nowadays, Nadam is held every year at the turn of summer and autumn. Generally speaking, it depends on the production situation of animal husbandry in that year, with a small harvest and a big harvest. In addition to the traditional "men's triathlon", there are cultural performances, track and field competitions and various economic and cultural exhibitions, as well as order negotiation and material exchange.
Mongolian New Year Festival
The traditional festivals of Mongolians are mainly Lunar New Year, and the Mongolian language is Chagan Sari, that is, Bai Yue. In summer, the grass is rich and the cattle and sheep are fat, and the Nadam convention will be held on the grassland. The specific time is self-determined. This kind of festival can be big or small, and even a family can hold it. At that time, dozens and hundreds of herdsmen in Fiona Fang, Fiona Fang will ride horses with their families (now basically changed into modern means of transportation). Other festivals include Aobao Festival, Horse Milk Festival and Shearing Festival, all of which evolved from production activities and religious sacrificial ceremonies. In addition, there is a major sacrificial activity, that is, the memorial to the mausoleum of Genghis Khan. Every year, four grand commemorative activities will be held in Ejinhoro, Erdos on March 2 1 day, May 15, August 12 and 10/3.
Mongolian New Year's Day is also called "White Festival" or "Bai Yue", which is closely related to the whiteness of milk, and "White" means "Kaiyuan" in Mongolian mind. There are different legends about Mongolian New Year. According to historical records, since the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians have accepted the calendar of the Han nationality. Therefore, Bai Yue of Mongolia coincides with the first month of the Spring Festival of Han nationality. This is the origin of Mongolian "Spring Festival". Although the Mongolian New Year is the same as that of the Han nationality, it absorbs some customs of the Han nationality, such as eating jiaozi and setting off firecrackers, but there are also many traditional customs of the Mongolian nationality. On New Year's Eve, Mongolians in agricultural and pastoral areas usually eat braised pork and light bonfires to show family reunion, bid farewell to the old and welcome the new. In the early morning of the first day, the younger generation saluted their elders with "welcome wine", and relatives and friends offered Hada to each other to congratulate them on the auspicious New Year. Throughout Bai Yue (in the first month), herders dressed in festive costumes can often be seen on the grassland, accompanied by horseshoes or cars and motorcycles, with wine songs, visiting relatives and friends together.
Mongolian hospitality
Hospitality and sincerity are the traditional virtues of the Mongolian people. Shake hands when you see the guests: Tassanu! (hello). After the guest enters the yurt, the housewife presents the fragrant milk tea to the guest. At the same time, put butter, milk skin, milk tofu, cheese, fried rice and other foods for guests to eat. Guests need to stay overnight. Dinner is meat, wine, noodles or Mongolian buns. When the guests said goodbye, the whole family went out of the yurt to see them off. I wish the guests a safe journey and welcome to come again. Nowadays, agricultural areas are generally the same as Han people, frying all kinds of dishes and adding wine to entertain guests.
Offering Hada is a traditional Mongolian etiquette. Hada is a kind of etiquette supplies. Hada is needed for worshipping Buddha, offering sacrifices, weddings, New Year greetings, and respecting the old and loving the young. Hada is made of silk, usually white, light blue and yellow. It is usually about five feet in length and varies in width. Some are embroidered with folk patterns such as Yunlin and Babao. When giving Hada to the elders, the giver leans forward slightly, hands above his head, Hada is folded in half, and the seam faces the elders; For peers, raise your hands horizontally and hand them to each other; For junior students, Hada is usually worn around their necks.
Mongolian marriage custom
Mongolian people have two marriage systems, namely, grabbing marriage and hiring marriage. Marriage robbery is a form of marriage in slave society. /kloc-before the 0/3 century, most Mongolian society was a marriage robbery system. /kloc-After the 0/3rd century, Mongolians entered the feudal society, that is, the marriage engagement system was generally implemented. Courtship means that before young men and women get engaged, the man wants to propose to the woman, and if the woman's family agrees, they can get engaged.
Mongolian colorful costumes
In the eyes of ordinary people, Mongolian costumes seem very simple, nothing more than a robe and a pair of boots. In fact, Mongolian costumes are very complex and colorful. Not only are there differences in appearance, but also in age, marital status and dress uniform.
Mongolian costumes mainly include jewelry, robes, belts and boots, as follows:
gemstone
It can be roughly divided into five categories: headdress, necklace, chest ornament, waist ornament and hand ornament. Headdresses mainly include headscarves, hats, headband, hairband, knitting pliers, knitting sleeves, hairband, headband, earrings and earrings. It is the most beautiful part of Mongolian jewelry. For example, the ancient crown was a popular high crown for Mongolian married women in the Yuan Dynasty, with a height of about 1 ft and a quadrilateral top. It is covered with colorful silks and satins, decorated with jewels, amber, beads, jade pieces, peacock feathers, pheasant tail hair and other ornaments. It is beautifully made and brightly colored.
Women usually wear headscarves. Headscarves are about ten feet long and come in various colors. Materials are cloth, hemp, silk, silk and so on. Girls like to wrap headscarves on their heads, then tie a knot on the right and hang the headscarves down. Married women wrap their heads with headscarves and wrap them around their heads without leaving ears. On solemn occasions, you should also wear hats embroidered with patterns such as Feng Dan's morning sun beads and Erlong's playing beads. There are red tassels and sparkling jewels on the top of the hat.
Legend has it that this custom began in Genghis Khan's period. After Genghis Khan unified the Mongolian tribes, he ordered everyone to wear a headscarf to show that there was a corner of a standard floating on his head, hoping that the spirit of national strength would last forever. From the day they got married and bid farewell to their teenage life, women began to wear elegant clothes. Mongolian costumes in Ordos are the most typical. This headdress is translated as headband, which mainly consists of two parts: hanging and hair cover. It is not only exquisitely made, but also made of hundreds of corals, dozens of silver chains, pearl strings, many silver rings, silver pieces, agates and jade. Dressed up, it can be said that the bead curtain hangs down and is dazzling. A headband generally weighs three or four kilograms, and some can reach more than ten kilograms. It is said that in the past, a pair of high-grade headband could be exchanged for several good horses or hundreds of good camels.
Mongolian robe
In Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other pastoral areas, men, women and children like to wear robes all year round, commonly known as Mongolian robes. Wear double robes in spring and autumn, single robe in summer, fur robe and cotton robe in winter. Men's dresses are generally fat, while women's dresses are tight to show women's slim and fit figure. Its style and color vary from place to place and from person to person, slightly different. Generally, Mongolian robes are characterized by wide sleeves, high collar and right slit, and the lower end of most areas is not slit. The hem, cuffs and neckline of robes are mostly decorated with satin lace, moire or fur such as tigers, leopards, otters and minks. It is not only beautiful and generous, but also has good practical functions. Winter cold kneepads, summer mosquito bites, sun protection. Walking can be used as clothes, lying can be used as a quilt. Mongolians in Ordos and other places also like to wear vests of different lengths on their robes.
One of the matching parts of Mongolian national costume. Mongolians love to wear boots. Mongolian boots are divided into boots, leather boots and felt boots, which are selected according to the season. Cloth boots are mostly made of thick cloth or canvas, so they are soft and light to wear. Leather boots are mostly made of cowhide, which is durable, waterproof and cold-resistant. Its styles are generally divided into three types: toe-rolled, semi-rolled and flat-bottomed, which are suitable for walking on desert, arid grassland and humid grassland respectively. Felt boots are molded from wool. Mongolian boots are exquisite in workmanship, and the upper and barrel of boots are embroidered or cut and pasted with exquisite patterns. Boots are created by Mongolian people in their long-term labor production and daily life, which are very suitable for the natural environment. When riding, you can protect your ankles and step on the stirrups; When walking, it can prevent sand damage, reduce resistance, prevent cold and snake.