The first anglo-Dutch war (1652 to 1654).
In the First Anglo-Dutch War, the two sides conducted a series of large-scale naval battles. Because British warships were equipped with advanced artillery, which was superior in quantity and quality, they defeated the Dutch navy and imposed a blockade on the Dutch coast, forcing the Netherlands to conclude the Treaty of Westminster on April 1654. According to this peace treaty, the Netherlands actually recognized the British Navigation Act.
Second, the Second Anglo-Dutch War (1665 to 1667).
The Second Anglo-Dutch War was caused by Britain's stricter navigation laws and its occupation of New Amsterdam (now new york), a Dutch colony in North America. During the war, the Netherlands surprised Britain, causing losses of nearly 200,000 pounds, and even shaming the Royal Navy. Britain suffered this fiasco, and under the double disasters of plague and London fire, it was unable to fight any more.
This sudden attack accelerated the negotiation process between Britain and the Netherlands. On July 3rd1667, the two countries signed the Breda Peace Treaty. Generally speaking, the second Anglo-Dutch War was Britain's defeat, so a third Anglo-Dutch War was brewing.
Third, the Third Anglo-Dutch War (1672 to 1674).
The Third Anglo-Dutch War was actually a part of the Dutch-French War and the last stage of the Anglo-Dutch maritime struggle. 1672 In March, Britain suddenly attacked a Dutch merchant fleet without declaring war, and the third Anglo-Dutch War broke out.
1673 In August, the Dutch fleet commanded by Liao Te defeated the British-French joint fleet near Texel. At this time, the British Parliament strongly advocated making peace with the Netherlands, and charles ii was forced to agree to make peace with the Netherlands alone. 1674, 19 In February, Britain and the Netherlands signed the Treaty of Westminster again, and the Netherlands paid 800,000 grams of warehouses to Britain, recognizing that the Dutch territory seized by Britain outside Europe belonged to Britain.
Extended data:
1640- 1649 After the British Civil War, Cromwell came to power to expand his army, and the navy more than tripled, from 40 capital ships to 120 ships, with the best ships and crew in the world at that time.
At the same time, the Netherlands crowded out British businessmen everywhere. In Russia and Baltic countries, in North American colonies and East Asian countries, in the Mediterranean Sea and the coastal areas of West Africa, the Dutch basically monopolized the trade of various countries by relying on abundant capital.
What is even more intolerable to the British is that the Netherlands has fished fish, shrimp and other aquatic products in British waters, and even sold these aquatic products at high prices in the British market for huge profits. These situations have aroused the anger of the British bourgeoisie.
165 1 year, the British parliament passed a new navigation bill, stipulating that all goods imported into Britain must be carried by British ships or transported to Britain by ships of actual origin, which means that other countries with shipping capacity are not allowed to intervene. The Netherlands has always been a trade intermediary country and commodity distribution center all over the world because of its large number, large volume, high efficiency and perfect organization.
Britain's new navigation bill is obviously aimed at dealing with the Netherlands and hitting its intermediary role in Britain's trade with other countries. The struggle between the Netherlands and Britain has intensified unprecedentedly. The Netherlands opposed the British navigation bill, and Britain refused to abolish the navigation bill, which led to the naval battle between Britain and Holland.
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