Emperor Wu of Song, the founding emperor, was a new force developed in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty. He won the battle with four families in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In 420 AD, Jin Emperor was abolished, and he became king on his own, with the title of Song. In order to distinguish it from the Song Zhao Dynasty established by Zhao Kuangyin in later generations, historians call it "Liu Song". Because Emperor Wu of Song was born in poverty and saw the lesson of the collapse of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he no longer reused the noble family after he became king. Most of its employees were born in poverty, and the military power was mainly given to their own princes, so they did not repeat the mistakes of the big clan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. However, due to the warlord's struggle for power and profit, he eventually killed each other, which was unexpected by Emperor Wu of Song. In 422, Emperor Wu of Song died, and Emperor Wen acceded to the throne one after another. Among them, the thirty years of Liu Wendi Yilong was the most prosperous period in the Liu and Song Dynasties, when the economy and culture of the south really developed. From AD 450 to AD 45 1 year, Song Wendi made a hasty Northern Expedition and fought Wei in the Northern Dynasties. On the contrary, he was attacked by cavalry troops led by the Northern Wei Emperor Wu Tai. In just two months, they attacked the north bank of the Yangtze River from the north bank of the Yellow River, which made the losses in the Southern Dynasties more serious than those in the Northern Dynasties. However, there were many sick soldiers in the Northern Expedition Army, and the Chinese people were quite disgusted with this, and the northern politics immediately fell into chaos. The north and the south are incapable of launching another big war. Since then, the north and south have been relatively stable. In 454 AD, Emperor Wendi died. After the death of Emperor Wendi, Emperor Xiaowu of Song Dynasty and Ming Di became emperors successively, but they were both famous tyrants. Not only were they suspicious of the generals, but brothers also killed each other, and politics was once chaotic. During this period, Xiao Daocheng, the secretariat of Southern Yanzhou, took advantage of the political chaos and formed a powerful force. In 479, Xiao Daocheng destroyed the Song Dynasty and established the State of Qi. At this point, the Song Dynasty was declared dead.
List of emperors' lineages from Southern Dynasties to Song Dynasty
Emperor Wu of Song (420-422) proclaimed himself emperor for two years in 420.
Shaodi Liu Yifu (422-424)
Yi Long, Liu Wendi (424-453)
Emperor Liu Jun (453-464)
Former emperor Liu
Liu (465-472)
Liu Yu (King Cangwu) (473-477)
Shundiliu (477-479)
Emperor Wu of song, the founding emperor, had a poor family since childhood. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, civil strife broke out one after another, and the internal struggle of the imperial court was also very fierce. In 402 AD, Huan Xuan, a general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, took advantage of the weakness of the imperial court to rise up and usurp the throne, with the title of Chu. Emperor Wu of Song and Liu Yi fought against him, and finally destroyed Huan Xuan's power. Since then, Emperor Wu of Song led the army to fight in the south and north, and his power has been growing. He defeated powerful factions such as Liu Yi and Sima Xiuzhi, and finally forced Gong Jin to cede the throne to him, and the Song Dynasty was established.
After the establishment of the Song Empire, the northern countries were eyeing up and wars continued. In 424 AD, Song Wendi Liu Yilong acceded to the throne. After 30 years in office, he made great efforts to govern, and the national production economy finally recovered, so he was ruled by Yuanjia. However, in 453 AD, his eldest son, Liu Shao, horribly killed his father in order to usurp the throne. After that, the royal family fought for the throne, scuffles continued, the emperor was dissolute and cruel, the state affairs became increasingly corrupt, and the national strength collapsed. In 479 AD, the Song Dynasty ceded the throne, and the Southern Song Dynasty was finally replaced by Nanqi.