1983, the world's first transgenic plant was successfully cultivated in the United States. This is a kind of tobacco containing antibiotic antibodies. With the emergence of transgenic technology, 1993, the world's first transgenic food-transgenic late-maturing tomato was officially listed in the United States. Through transgenic technology, this tomato has the characteristics of "storage resistance", which greatly extends the shelf life. Since then, more than 10 kinds of transgenic plants, such as insect-resistant cotton and corn, herbicide-resistant soybean and rape, have been approved for commercial production and sales. By 1997, transgenic crops were widely planted in some countries in South America and Asia.

In 1990s, China successfully introduced synthetic insecticidal genes into major cotton varieties, becoming the second country to independently develop insect-resistant cotton after the United States. 1On February 9, 1998, after the first transgenic sheep was bred by Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics,1in early 1999, the first transgenic test-tube cow in China was successfully bred. In 2005, the number of countries planting genetically modified crops increased from the initial six to 2 1. In 2006, the global planting area of genetically modified crops exceeded 1 100 million hectares for the first time. In 2007, the number of genetically modified crops planted in developing countries exceeded that in developed countries for the first time, which were 12 and 1 1 respectively, while the growth rate of developing countries was three times that of industrialized countries.

On June 27th, 2009, 165438+ The Ministry of Agriculture of China issued safety certificates for two insect-resistant transgenic rice varieties, "Huahui 1" and "Bt Shanyou 63" for the first time in the world.

Extended data:

Controversy about genetic modification

The research and application of genetically modified foods are constantly questioned by consumers and the industry. 1May, 999, Nature magazine revealed that feeding monarch butterflies with leaves coated with genetically modified corn pollen caused 44% larvae to die. This result was reprinted in a prominent position by The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal and other newspapers, which triggered a controversy about whether genetically modified corn is safe for the ecological environment. On May 22, 2005, the Independent published a report from Monsanto, saying that rats fed with genetically modified food had organ variation and blood composition changes.

In China, as early as 200 1 65438+February 1 1, the Ministry of Health discussed and passed the Hygienic Management Measures for Genetically Modified Foods, which came into effect on July12003, stipulating that genetically modified foods must be marked with specific signs, aiming at strengthening the supervision and management of genetically modified foods and protecting consumers. Beijing Municipal Bureau of Agriculture conducted supervision and spot checks on 22 kinds of bean products from 4 enterprises in Beijing market/KLOC-0. The results show that these 22 products are all genetically modified products, but they are not clearly marked. Up to now, consumers in China still know little about the ins and outs of genetically modified foods, and have infinite reverie.

Around genetic modification, two famous mouths, Cui Yongyuan and Fang, also accidentally went off in the Weibo. Thousands of netizens participated in an instant, which was really lively. A debate also reflects that the debate on "genetically modified" has gone beyond the academic scope, and more voices revolve around "right to know", "right to choose" and "right to participate in decision-making", as well as the sound and effective implementation of laws and regulations.

References:

Food China Network-Genetically Modified Food in Nutritionists' Eyes