I. Overview of Xia Dynasty

China was the first dynasty to start the hereditary system, which was called Huaxia Kyushu in ancient times.

Named event:

Dayu flood control: the time is 2070 BC-65438 BC+0600 BC.

Xia Dynasty was founded in 470, in the historical capital of Henan.

Shao Kang Zhongxing: Seven people changed the throne, and the founder was Dayu.

Famous figures: Dayu, Qi, Taikang, Shao Kang.

Second, the important events of Xia Dynasty

1, the establishment of Xia Dynasty

In ancient times, most people lived in groups based on tribes. There are three famous monarchs in history. They are Yao, Shun and Yu. At that time, the flood flooded, and it became a much-told story to stay home. Yu was elected as a tribal leader for his meritorious service in water control. Later, in 2070 BC, tribes were officially changed to states, thus establishing the first Xia Dynasty in China.

2. Open the "home world"

In ancient times, the succession of the throne was a abdication system, that is, the monarch gave the throne to talented people, Yao abdicated to Shun, and Shun abdicated to Yu. After the opening of the Xia Dynasty, Yu wanted to cede the throne to the minister Bo Yi, and Yu's son Qi seized power, thus opening the hereditary system of the throne, that is, the throne was handed over to his own family, which is what everyone called a noble family.

3. Taikang lost his country

After the Xia Dynasty, Qi's son Tai Kang succeeded to the throne, but perhaps three generations were not rich enough. Taikang began to crave pleasure, and the Xia Dynasty went downhill. On the way out to play in Taikang, Houyi, a tribal leader from a poor family in Dongyi, seized the opportunity to seize power, causing Taikang to lose his country.

4. Hou Yi took the place of Xia and Han Zhuo.

After taking power, Hou Yi did not immediately become king, but fostered a puppet emperor "Zhong Kang" (Taikang's younger brother). After Zhong Kang's death, his son Xiang succeeded to the throne. Hou Yi felt that the time was ripe, so he drove Xiang away and became king, so there was a generation of Xia, but soon after, because Hou Yi was also greedy for pleasure, he was taken over by his minister Han Dian.

5. Shao Kang Zhongxing

After Han Jue seized the throne, Xiang's son, "Shao Kang", kept a low profile and kept growing. Finally, with the help of the Wei people, they defeated the Han Dynasty and regained the throne. Because Shao Kang was well aware of the hardships on the road to growth, he vigorously promoted the prosperity of the Xia Dynasty after he took office.

6. The demise of Xia Jie.

At the end of the Xia Dynasty, when the throne was passed to Kong Jia, the emperor 14, the Xia Dynasty was already very weak, and Xia Jie, the last emperor of the Xia Dynasty, was finally destroyed by the Shang Tang tribe because of his tyrant behavior, thus ending the 470-year rule of the Xia Dynasty.

Third, the contribution of Xia Dynasty.

1, industry

In the Xia Dynasty, with the continuous development of science and technology and agriculture, handicrafts gradually separated from agriculture, and made great achievements in pottery making, textile and gold management, which laid the foundation for handicrafts in the Xia Dynasty, especially pottery, which has become an independent and very important industry in the Xia Dynasty. The pottery unearthed in the Xia Dynasty is exquisite in quality and production, which represents the superb skills of craftsmen. Some bronzes were also unearthed in the Xia Dynasty, which was the early stage of the rapid development of bronzes.

2. Culture

Before Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty, some inscriptions were found on pottery in Xia Dynasty, which may be related to the ritual system of Xia Dynasty at that time. They have different shapes, many of which are similar to Guizhou water characters, and may be older than Oracle Bone Inscriptions. However, the existence of Xia Dynasty is full of controversy because there is no complete literature.

3. Agriculture

In the Xia Dynasty, there was a concept of five grains, not only millet and millet, but also a small amount of wheat and soybeans. The Xia dynasty also had the habit of making wine, mostly low-alcohol grain wine.

Fourth, Erlitou site

Erlitou site is located in Yanshi District, Luoyang City, Henan Province. It was the capital of the late Xia Dynasty. There are not only various Xia Dynasty cultural relics unearthed, but also the earliest Miyagi pedestal in China. The design of square area and central axis has become one of the planning systems of many palaces in later generations.