The Ottomans were originally a small Turkic tribe, which moved from Central Asia to Asia Minor and later flourished. 1453 After the Ottoman Empire destroyed the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople was its capital, renamed Istanbul, and claimed to be the successor of the Eastern Roman Empire. Therefore, Sultan, the monarch of the Ottoman Empire, inherited the culture of the Eastern Roman Empire and Islamic culture, so the eastern and western civilizations merged in it.

politics

Religious authority

The Ottoman Empire is a political system with military and political integration, which has the color of Charirat's political system and is one of the political systems recognized by Islamic law. State power must conform to the spirit of Charirat, and the head of state (i.e. caliph, sultan, emir, etc.). ) It is also necessary to govern the country in accordance with Islamic law.

In order to defend the sanctity, purity and continuity of Islamic teachings, jurists later put forward a systematic theory of caliphate, and made a series of principles on the qualifications, functions and methods of producing caliphate, holding that caliphate, as a "servant of God", must respect Islamic sharia and exercise its power only within the limited scope permitted by the Charter.