Dongyi: Geographically, Shandong, northern Jiangsu and northern Anhui all belong to Dongyi. During the Xia and Zhou Dynasties, Dongyi and Huaxia merged, and the Shang Dynasty itself was Dongyi. After the rise of the Zhou Dynasty, Dongyi became the antithesis of the Zhou Dynasty. There were frequent wars with the Zhou Dynasty. When Zhou Muwang went west, Dongyi once rebelled. At that time, Zhou Muwang relied on Zhao Fu to get back in time and saved the day. After the victory, Zhao Fu was named Zhao and Zhao's ancestor.

Xirong: Geographically speaking, it refers to the nationalities in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and northern Sichuan before the Warring States Period. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin Mugong ruled the West. He also said that in Xirong, he appointed a wise minister to attack and destroy more than 30 countries, and was named Bo by the Zhou Emperor. After Jin and Qin became powerful, many Xirong tribes were moved inward and annexed. Since then, the word Xirong has rarely appeared in history, and gradually evolved into the later Qiang nationality.

Nan Man: Geographically speaking, it refers to the nationalities in Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi before the Warring States Period. In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Meng Huo was also called Na Man by Shu.

Beidi: Geographically speaking, it refers to the nationalities in northern Hebei, northwestern Shanxi, northwestern Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, northeastern provinces, outer Mongolia and Siberia before the Warring States Period. Di is a name for the northern tribal peoples, but it is often mixed with Rong, and the boundaries are not very strict. During the Warring States period, the Hu people were also called the Northern Emperor, and the Zhongshan State was established by any place during the Warring States period.

Extended data

According to the interpretation, review and understanding of Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, Siyi is a collective name for four ethnic minorities by ancient Chinese people (who claimed to live in the Central Plains in ancient times), referring to Dongyi, Xirong, Nanman and Beidi respectively. The Central Plains refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in Luoyang and Kaifeng, Henan Province, with mild climate, moderate rainfall and fertile soil. Therefore, it entered the agricultural society earlier within the city wall, which is called Huaxia, and people call it Huaxia.

The title of Xirong originated from the Zhou Dynasty. In ancient times, people living in the Central Plains called themselves Huaxia, and people around Huaxia were called Dongyi, Nanman, Xirong and Beidi respectively to distinguish China. Xirong, on the other hand, is the collective name of ancient China people for ethnic minorities in the west, that is, Rong is the collective name of all non-China ethnic groups in the west. Xirong can also refer to a country established by some Xirong people during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Siyi