On March 1 day, the Ministry of Finance issued the Interim Provisions on the Management of Lottery Issuance and Sales, which is the first unified regulation on lottery issuance and sales formulated by the regulatory authorities in the State Council and China. On April 29th, the donation ceremony of "Love Model Workers" jointly organized by the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. On July 10, China Welfare Lottery Issuance Management Center issued the Emergency Notice on Strict Lottery Issuance Management to Welfare Lottery Centers of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. It is required to strengthen management, put an end to illegal operations and ensure the healthy development of public welfare lottery. 654381October 23rd, the Committee of China Public Welfare Lottery Issuance Management Center, the producer of China * * *, was established. According to the Articles of Association of the Producers' Party of China and the Provisional Regulations on the Election of Grassroots Organizations of the Producers' Party of China, the General Assembly elected the first committee and the record review committee of the China Lottery Center. In 2002, the computer public welfare lottery won the first full year in China. On June 365438+February 3 1 day, China * * * sold the public welfare lottery1680,000 yuan, of which the computer ticket 1478577 million yuan, that is, the invoice was 20140,000 yuan, which created the lottery again. Starting from 65438+1 October1,Tianjin and other 17 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) and Shenzhen have successively listed and sold "3D" games. At this point, Zhongfu public welfare lottery.
"3D" game released in China. On October 20th, 65438/kloc-0, the limited edition of the Year of the Rooster Zodiac lottery printed by China Lottery Center was officially sold in various betting stations in Guiyang, which was the first instant Zodiac lottery with QR code printed in China. From April 2nd to 4th, the first China International Lottery Technology and Equipment Expo was held in Beijing. From July 1 1 day to July 17, the weekly sales of public welfare lottery in China reached 128 billion yuan, the highest value in the whole year. In August, China's first professional lottery TV channel "Happy Lottery" appeared in Shanghai. On September 1 day, according to the regulations of the Ministry of Finance, the policy of 65% bonus-return ratio was officially implemented for instant public welfare lottery. From September 15 to September 17, the annual meeting of the Asia-Pacific Lottery Association was held in Beijing, and the leaders of the China Lottery Center attended the meeting. 165438+1On October 3rd, China Public Welfare Lottery Advertising Business Seminar was held in Chongqing. This is the first coupon business seminar of China Lottery Center. On February 29th, 65438, the annual sales volume of computer public welfare lottery exceeded 40 billion yuan for the first time. As of 65438+February 3 1 day, the total sales volume of public welfare lottery in China reached 4165438+20 million yuan. At present, there are various problems and disadvantages in China's lottery industry. One of the important reasons is that China has not yet enacted the Lottery Law, and its management is still based on the Notice of the State Council on Further Standardizing Lottery Management formulated by 200 1, as well as the Interim Provisions on the Management of Lottery Issuance and Sales and the Measures for Financial Management of Lottery Issuance and Sales Institutions formulated by the Ministry of Finance under the guidance of this notice. At present, due to the lack of legal basis, relying on the original government documents has encountered many management difficulties.
Policy cannot replace law. Especially at present, lottery issuance in China is managed by the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the General Administration of Sports, and supervised by the Ministry of Finance. The three departments are in parallel, and the supervision is often embarrassing and weak.
Comparatively speaking, foreign lottery legislation is much more perfect. Take California Lottery Law as an example. The bill is divided into eight clauses: general clauses and definitions of lottery, rights and obligations of California Lottery Commission, rights and obligations of board of directors, lottery vendors, lottery suppliers and California Lottery Fund, etc. , which made detailed and specific provisions. For example, section 8880. 1 stipulates that the purpose of issuing California lottery tickets is to fund education in California. Section 8880.4 stipulates the distribution of lottery operating income, in which the rate of return is 50%; Public welfare fund 34%, lottery issuance fee 16%. Section 8880. 1 1 stipulates that the "lottery Committee" consists of five members and is responsible for supervising the California lottery and directors. Section 8880.35 specifies the electronic ticket vending machine for lottery tickets in detail. Section 8880.44 requires that the demographic characteristics of gamblers must be statistically studied six months after the lottery ticket is sold. Article 8880.52 provides for the sale of minors, stipulating that "gambling lottery tickets or stocks shall not be sold to people under the age of 18". Violators will commit misdemeanors, and minors will also commit misdemeanors if they buy them. In a word, this lottery law is quite perfect and worth learning from.
Therefore, the National People's Congress should speed up the legislation of lottery industry. After China's lottery legislation, the gambling industry can truly enter the scientific development period and truly solve the system problems of lottery issuance and management. At present, China's lottery supervision is under the responsibility of the Ministry of Finance and implemented by the Lottery Management Office of the Comprehensive Business Department, which belongs to pure administrative supervision.
Judging from the effect of lottery supervision in recent years, China's lottery lacks basic management knowledge, the level of supervision is low, and low-level mistakes appear constantly, which can no longer adapt to the development of lottery industry. For example, the issuance supervision of sports lottery "Rank 3" is extremely weak, which directly leads to the turmoil in the lottery market. Especially on March 20 this year, the original bonus distribution cycle of Sports Lottery "Rank 3" was announced in advance under helpless circumstances, which seriously damaged the integrity image of the national lottery. In addition, the theft of 5 1 10,000 of Hebei Handan Agricultural Bank this year is also related to the misleading propaganda of Hebei Sports Lottery to lottery players and the poor supervision of lottery betting.
The current situation of lottery supervision must be changed. We must establish a scientific concept of lottery supervision. We should focus on the following aspects:
First, set up the National Lottery Supervision Committee. Domestic banking, securities and insurance all have formal national supervision committees, but the lottery industry is still under administrative supervision. There are basically national lottery supervision departments in foreign lottery industry. Therefore, we suggest that after the future lottery legislation is passed, the National Lottery Supervision Committee should be set up quickly, composed of the government, academic institutions, public representatives and people in the gaming industry to plan and manage the gaming industry on behalf of the country.
Second, improve the level of scientific supervision. China's gambling industry has entered a period of rapid development and high-risk operation, and the difficulty of supervision is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the level of scientific supervision.
First, the government controls the issuance and management of lottery tickets and establishes a scientific concept of lottery issuance. Its core is to implement the principle of controlled existence and lucky winning of lottery tickets.
Fundamentally speaking, lottery tickets issued by most countries and governments in the world are monopolized by the state to support public welfare undertakings established by the state, which is an opportunistic game between lottery players and the state. Lottery, as an opportunistic game, can't be mastered by any individual or organization, and the state and its authorized issuing agencies can control the number and degree of lottery issuance according to the law of probability and statistics, so as to minimize the negative impact of lottery issuance and benefit the people.
According to the above understanding of the concept of lottery, we can extend the following basic principles about lottery issuance and management: lottery is a controlled existence; Lottery winning is a small probability event; Winning the lottery is lucky. We must guide lottery players to correctly understand and establish a rational concept of lottery consumption.
The second is to implement the principle of moderate indirect competition. On the one hand, lottery management is an economic behavior monopolized by the state, and lottery issuers are affiliated to non-profit organizations. On the other hand, the issuance of lottery tickets and the behavior of lottery buyers are characterized by marketization. Because of the duality of lottery market, lottery management can be moderately competitive and marketing. But the lottery industry must not compete directly like ordinary industrial and commercial enterprises. The evil consequences of direct competition in lottery tickets are bound to interfere with the order of the lottery market and amplify the negative effects of lottery issuance. The two lottery publishers in this country cannot compete directly, but only in a limited and indirect way. This indirect competition is the competition between different lottery varieties and different ways of playing. This is an important principle of lottery supervision.
The third is to establish a perfect information disclosure system. For example, the official lottery websites in California and new york, USA, contain all kinds of information about the use direction of the public welfare fund, which is very detailed and worth learning.
Third, expand the scope of supervision. In recent years, China's audit department has audited the issuance expenses of lottery issuers and found many problems. But supervision is still not enough. Among them, the use direction of public welfare fund is not very clear, which also affects the public welfare image and sales of lottery tickets to some extent. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen and expand the scope of supervision and make the national lottery more transparent. Three key points should be paid attention to in carrying out lottery propaganda scientifically:
First, vigorously promote national lottery, encourage people to buy national lottery with moderate pocket money, and clarify the difference between lottery and gambling in order to meet the challenges of private lottery, overseas lottery and underground lottery.
Second, strengthen the publicity of lottery public welfare image. The lottery websites of American States have very detailed and clear announcements on the use of lottery public welfare funds, which is very transparent. We haven't done enough in this respect, so we should learn a lesson.
Third, lottery supervision departments and issuing agencies should strengthen communication with the media, reduce and control the mass media's propaganda on lottery winning and betting skills, and prevent misleading the public. Lottery issuance is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it can raise a lot of public welfare funds for the society, on the other hand, it also brings many social problems, such as gambling addiction, life difficulties caused by buying lottery tickets and so on. The state and lottery industry should pay more attention to the social responsibility of lottery.
For example, Norway adheres to the principle of limited lottery issuance. Lottery and gambling should be strictly distinguished in issuing lottery tickets, and moral factors must be considered in issuing lottery tickets so as not to cause harm to society and social problems; At the same time, it will increase the public welfare and charity of issuing lottery tickets and limit the growth of lottery revenue.
We advocate that more people buy a proper amount of lottery tickets instead of a few people buying too many lottery tickets. Taking this as a standard, we can judge what is a good lottery variety and whether the supervision of lottery is in place.
We also advocate the establishment of lottery games, reducing and controlling the participation of poor people as much as possible, appropriately developing gambling varieties suitable for middle-and high-income groups, and balancing social wealth through their contributions.
Finally, we suggest that the government should also encourage and support academic research on the gambling industry, especially the consumption behavior of gamblers, so as to promote the scientific development of the gambling industry.