2. Youzhou: one of the ancient Kyushu. The name of Youzhou was first seen in Shangshu Shundian: "Yan is called Youzhou." Youzhou was established in the Han, Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties, and all of them ruled in today's Beijing area.
3. Yan Dou: Named after the ancient capital of Yan State. Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, there is the State of Yan, which is said to be named after its proximity to Yanshan Mountain, and its capital is called "Yan Dou". Later, it was often used as another name for Beijing in some ancient books. In 1980s, a Beijing literature and history publication was published with the name of Yan Dou.
4. Sunset: It first appeared in the Book of Jin. Yingchuan is very close to Jindu Luoyang, so it is called sunset. Wang Bo, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, said in Preface to Wang Teng-ting that "at dusk, I look at Chang 'an, and on the clouds, I see Wu Hui", which is the allusion used, and from then on, I called "sunset" the national capital. Zhu Yizun's Old News of the Sun and Textual Research on Old News of the Sun in Qing Dynasty, written in the Qianlong period, both mentioned Beijing.
5. Youdu: Youdu County was established in the Tang Dynasty, and Youdu House was also established in the Liao Dynasty, which is under the jurisdiction of Beijing today.
6. Yanjing: In the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (759), Shi Siming called himself Yan Di and took Fan Yang (now Zhuozhou, Hebei) as Yanjing. After the Anshi Rebellion was settled, Yanjing went on strike. Although the official name of post-Beijing has been changed many times, Yanjing is widely used. This is also the most commonly used nickname in Beijing.
7. Chunmingmen: Originated in the Tang Dynasty, the main entrance (East Gate) of Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, was named Chunmingmen. The ancients believed that the East dominated spring, and later generations took Chunming as another name for the capital. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called Chunming. This is what A Qing writer Sun Chengze wrote "wet dream in the Spring".
8. Beijing: Before the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), Chang 'an was called the capital. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called the capital, which is also the most commonly used synonym for people to call Beijing.
9. Nanjing: In the first year of Liao Huitong (938), the original Youzhou was upgraded to Youdu House, and Nanjing, also known as Yanjing, was built as the capital of Liao. At that time, the capital of Liao was in Beijing (now south of Bahrain Zuoqi, Inner Mongolia).
10, Yanshan: In the fourth year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 123), Song and Jin jointly conquered Liao and captured Yanjing. After the Song and Jin Dynasties made peace, Yanjing returned to the Northern Song Dynasty and built Yanshan House (because it was near the foot of Yanshan Mountain), so Yanjing was also called Yanshan.
1 1, Zhongdu: In the sixth year of Song Xuanhe (1 125), the Jin people invaded south and occupied the Yanshan House in Song Dynasty. In the first year of Jin Zhenyuan (1 153), Jin people moved their capital to Yanjing, renamed Zhongdu, and ruled southwest Beijing today.
12, Daxing: Jin changed Yanjing to Zhongdu, and set up Daxing House, which is in the southeast of Beijing today.
13, Dadu: In the Yuan Dynasty, the new city was rebuilt with Jinxing Palace (now Beihai Park) as the center, and it was renamed Dadu in the 9th year of Yuan Dynasty (1272).
14, Kan baruch: In the Yuan Dynasty, most Mongolians called it Kan baruch, and Mongolians called it "Khan City", where Khan lived. So after the Yuan Dynasty made Beijing its capital, it was also called Kan baruch, and Kyle Poirot called Dadu (Beijing) Kan baruch in his travel notes.
15, Beiping: In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), after Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, most areas of the Yuan Dynasty were renamed Beiping in order to record their achievements in pacifying the North.
16, Beijing: In the first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1403), after Emperor Judy of Yongle proclaimed himself emperor, he changed the fief of Beiping to Shuntianfu, built Beijing City and moved the capital here, which was the beginning of the official naming of Beijing.
17, Shi Jing: In the 18th year of Yongle, the emperor of Ming Dynasty (1420), he moved his capital to Beijing and renamed it Shi Jing until the Qing Dynasty. The word "Shi Jing" first appeared in The Book of Songs Daya Gong Liu, and later generations called the capital Shi Jing. There is also a saying that Fengxiang in Shaanxi has mountains called Beijing and water called teachers. Because both Zhou Wenwang and King Wu established their capitals here, they were named Shi Jing, and later Shi Jing was regarded as the representative of the capital.
18, Wan Ping: This is a general term for Beijing by old Beijingers. In fact, Wanping county governance in Ming and Qing Dynasties is only the southwest of Beijing today.
19, Jingzhao: In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Shuntianfu was abandoned, and the next year, Jingzhao was placed in the middle of Zhili. 17, Jingzhao was abandoned and Beijing was changed to Beiping.
20. Beijing:1On September 27th, 949, the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference adopted the Resolution on the Capital, Calendar, National Anthem and National Flag of People's Republic of China (PRC), and Beiping was renamed Beijing.
Extended data
Beijing was once the ancient capital of six dynasties in history. During the two thousand years since the Yan State, many palace buildings have been built, making Beijing the city with the largest number of royal palaces, gardens, temples and tombs in China.
Beijing is the general name of the capital defense buildings in the last two dynasties in China history, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. It consists of Miyagi, Imperial City, Inner City and Outer City, including city walls, gates, urns, turrets, enemy platforms, moats and other facilities. It was once the most complete ancient city defense system in China.
The central axis of Beijing refers to the central axis of Beijing in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the urban planning of Beijing has the characteristics of symmetrical distribution with Miyagi as the center. The central axis of Beijing starts from Yongdingmen in the south and ends at the Bell and Drum Tower in the north, with a length of about 7.8 kilometers.
From south to north: Yongdingmen, Qianmen Arrow Tower, Zhengyangmen, Zhonghua Gate, Tiananmen Gate, Duanmen, Wumen Gate, Forbidden City, Shenwumen, Jingshan, Di 'anmen, Houmenqiao, Drum Tower and Bell Tower.
From Yongdingmen, the southern end of this central axis, there are the Temple of Heaven and the Xiannongtan; Ancestral temples and social altars; Donghuamen and Xihuamen; Andingmen and Deshengmen are symmetrically distributed with the central axis.
Mr. Liang Sicheng, a famous architect in China, once said: "The unique grand order of Beijing is produced by the establishment of this central axis." After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Yongdingmen Gate, Zhonghua Gate and Di 'anmen Gate were all demolished and Yongdingmen Gate Tower was rebuilt.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Beijing (the capital of People's Republic of China (PRC))